diff --git a/scs/py/__init__.py b/scs/py/__init__.py
index 2af0451e..5e78d58c 100644
--- a/scs/py/__init__.py
+++ b/scs/py/__init__.py
@@ -29,11 +29,11 @@ class LinearSolver(enum.Enum):
   """Linear system solver backend for SCS."""
   AUTO = "auto"
   QDLDL = "qdldl"
-  INDIRECT = "indirect"
+  CPU_INDIRECT = "cpu_indirect"
   MKL = "mkl"
   ACCELERATE = "accelerate"
-  DENSE = "dense"
-  GPU = "gpu"
+  CPU_DENSE = "cpu_dense"
+  GPU_INDIRECT = "gpu_indirect"
   CUDSS = "cudss"
 
 
@@ -60,11 +60,11 @@ def _resolve_auto():
 _SOLVER_DISPATCH = {
     LinearSolver.AUTO: _resolve_auto,
     LinearSolver.QDLDL: lambda: _scs_direct,
-    LinearSolver.INDIRECT: lambda: _load_module("_scs_indirect"),
+    LinearSolver.CPU_INDIRECT: lambda: _load_module("_scs_indirect"),
     LinearSolver.MKL: lambda: _load_module("_scs_mkl"),
     LinearSolver.ACCELERATE: lambda: _load_module("_scs_accelerate"),
-    LinearSolver.DENSE: lambda: _load_module("_scs_dense"),
-    LinearSolver.GPU: lambda: _load_module("_scs_gpu"),
+    LinearSolver.CPU_DENSE: lambda: _load_module("_scs_dense"),
+    LinearSolver.GPU_INDIRECT: lambda: _load_module("_scs_gpu"),
     LinearSolver.CUDSS: lambda: _load_module("_scs_cudss"),
 }
 
diff --git a/test/solve_random_cone_prob.py b/test/solve_random_cone_prob.py
index 8de0a603..4d145a99 100644
--- a/test/solve_random_cone_prob.py
+++ b/test/solve_random_cone_prob.py
@@ -9,11 +9,11 @@
 
 
 def main():
-    solvers = [scs.LinearSolver.AUTO, scs.LinearSolver.QDLDL, scs.LinearSolver.INDIRECT]
+    solvers = [scs.LinearSolver.AUTO, scs.LinearSolver.QDLDL, scs.LinearSolver.CPU_INDIRECT]
     try:
         from scs import _scs_gpu
 
-        solvers.append(scs.LinearSolver.GPU)
+        solvers.append(scs.LinearSolver.GPU_INDIRECT)
     except ImportError:
         pass
 
diff --git a/test/test_free_threading.py b/test/test_free_threading.py
index 95fd849c..2ba73a7a 100644
--- a/test/test_free_threading.py
+++ b/test/test_free_threading.py
@@ -174,7 +174,7 @@ def worker(linear_solver):
             assert_almost_equal(sol["x"][0], expected, decimal=2)
             return sol["x"][0]
 
-        backends = [scs.LinearSolver.QDLDL, scs.LinearSolver.INDIRECT]
+        backends = [scs.LinearSolver.QDLDL, scs.LinearSolver.CPU_INDIRECT]
         with ThreadPoolExecutor(max_workers=NUM_THREADS) as pool:
             futures = [
                 pool.submit(worker, backends[i % 2]) for i in range(NUM_THREADS)
diff --git a/test/test_mix_sd_csd_cone.py b/test/test_mix_sd_csd_cone.py
index f918e791..4747fc78 100644
--- a/test/test_mix_sd_csd_cone.py
+++ b/test/test_mix_sd_csd_cone.py
@@ -22,10 +22,10 @@ def gen_feasible(m, n, rng, p_scale = 0.1):
 _solver_configs = [
     {"linear_solver": scs.LinearSolver.AUTO},
     {"linear_solver": scs.LinearSolver.QDLDL},
-    {"linear_solver": scs.LinearSolver.INDIRECT},
+    {"linear_solver": scs.LinearSolver.CPU_INDIRECT},
 ]
 if _dense_available:
-    _solver_configs.append({"linear_solver": scs.LinearSolver.DENSE})
+    _solver_configs.append({"linear_solver": scs.LinearSolver.CPU_DENSE})
 
 
 @pytest.mark.parametrize("solver_opts", _solver_configs)
diff --git a/test/test_scs_basic.py b/test/test_scs_basic.py
index 5437139c..d73f4ea3 100644
--- a/test/test_scs_basic.py
+++ b/test/test_scs_basic.py
@@ -45,11 +45,11 @@ def import_error(msg):
 _solver_configs = [
     scs.LinearSolver.AUTO,
     scs.LinearSolver.QDLDL,
-    scs.LinearSolver.INDIRECT,
+    scs.LinearSolver.CPU_INDIRECT,
 ]
 try:
     from scs import _scs_dense
-    _solver_configs.append(scs.LinearSolver.DENSE)
+    _solver_configs.append(scs.LinearSolver.CPU_DENSE)
 except ImportError:
     pass
 
@@ -79,10 +79,10 @@ def test_problems(cone, linear_solver, expected):
         [
             ({"q": [], "l": long(2)}, scs.LinearSolver.AUTO, 1),
             ({"q": [], "l": long(2)}, scs.LinearSolver.QDLDL, 1),
-            ({"q": [], "l": long(2)}, scs.LinearSolver.INDIRECT, 1),
+            ({"q": [], "l": long(2)}, scs.LinearSolver.CPU_INDIRECT, 1),
             ({"q": [long(2)], "l": 0}, scs.LinearSolver.AUTO, 0.5),
             ({"q": [long(2)], "l": 0}, scs.LinearSolver.QDLDL, 0.5),
-            ({"q": [long(2)], "l": 0}, scs.LinearSolver.INDIRECT, 0.5),
+            ({"q": [long(2)], "l": 0}, scs.LinearSolver.CPU_INDIRECT, 0.5),
         ],
     )
     def test_problems_with_longs(cone, linear_solver, expected):
diff --git a/test/test_scs_coverage.py b/test/test_scs_coverage.py
index 945c6571..764f098c 100644
--- a/test/test_scs_coverage.py
+++ b/test/test_scs_coverage.py
@@ -298,7 +298,7 @@ def test_dense_tries_import():
     """linear_solver=DENSE should attempt to import _scs_dense."""
     try:
         scs.SCS(_make_data(), _CONE,
-                linear_solver=scs.LinearSolver.DENSE, verbose=False)
+                linear_solver=scs.LinearSolver.CPU_DENSE, verbose=False)
     except ImportError:
         pass  # Expected: _scs_dense not built
 
@@ -362,7 +362,7 @@ def test_solution_keys():
 # ===========================================================================
 
 
-@pytest.mark.parametrize("linear_solver", [scs.LinearSolver.AUTO, scs.LinearSolver.QDLDL, scs.LinearSolver.INDIRECT])
+@pytest.mark.parametrize("linear_solver", [scs.LinearSolver.AUTO, scs.LinearSolver.QDLDL, scs.LinearSolver.CPU_INDIRECT])
 def test_tight_tolerances(linear_solver):
     """Tighter eps should still produce a correct solution."""
     solver = scs.SCS(
@@ -377,7 +377,7 @@ def test_tight_tolerances(linear_solver):
     assert_almost_equal(sol["x"][0], 1.0, decimal=3)
 
 
-@pytest.mark.parametrize("linear_solver", [scs.LinearSolver.AUTO, scs.LinearSolver.QDLDL, scs.LinearSolver.INDIRECT])
+@pytest.mark.parametrize("linear_solver", [scs.LinearSolver.AUTO, scs.LinearSolver.QDLDL, scs.LinearSolver.CPU_INDIRECT])
 def test_loose_tolerances(linear_solver):
     """Very loose tolerances should still converge quickly."""
     solver = scs.SCS(
@@ -710,7 +710,7 @@ def test_legacy_solve_partial_warmstart():
 def test_indirect_solver_with_tight_tolerances():
     solver = scs.SCS(
         _make_data(), _CONE,
-        linear_solver=scs.LinearSolver.INDIRECT,
+        linear_solver=scs.LinearSolver.CPU_INDIRECT,
         eps_abs=1e-8,
         eps_rel=1e-8,
         verbose=False,
@@ -723,7 +723,7 @@ def test_indirect_solver_with_tight_tolerances():
 def test_indirect_solver_acceleration_off():
     solver = scs.SCS(
         _make_data(), _CONE,
-        linear_solver=scs.LinearSolver.INDIRECT,
+        linear_solver=scs.LinearSolver.CPU_INDIRECT,
         acceleration_lookback=0,
         verbose=False,
     )
@@ -742,7 +742,7 @@ def _make_qp_data():
     return {"A": _A.copy(), "b": _b.copy(), "c": np.array([-1.0]), "P": P}
 
 
-@pytest.mark.parametrize("linear_solver", [scs.LinearSolver.AUTO, scs.LinearSolver.QDLDL, scs.LinearSolver.INDIRECT])
+@pytest.mark.parametrize("linear_solver", [scs.LinearSolver.AUTO, scs.LinearSolver.QDLDL, scs.LinearSolver.CPU_INDIRECT])
 def test_qp_with_settings(linear_solver):
     solver = scs.SCS(
         _make_qp_data(), _CONE,
@@ -929,7 +929,7 @@ def test_exp_cone_primal_known_solution():
     assert_almost_equal(sol["x"][0], np.e, decimal=4)
 
 
-@pytest.mark.parametrize("linear_solver", [scs.LinearSolver.AUTO, scs.LinearSolver.QDLDL, scs.LinearSolver.INDIRECT])
+@pytest.mark.parametrize("linear_solver", [scs.LinearSolver.AUTO, scs.LinearSolver.QDLDL, scs.LinearSolver.CPU_INDIRECT])
 def test_exp_cone_both_solvers(linear_solver):
     """Exp cone problem solved with both direct and indirect backends."""
     A_exp = sp.csc_matrix(np.array([
@@ -1374,7 +1374,7 @@ def test_sdp_2x2_known_solution():
     assert_almost_equal(sol["x"][0], -1.0, decimal=4)
 
 
-@pytest.mark.parametrize("linear_solver", [scs.LinearSolver.AUTO, scs.LinearSolver.QDLDL, scs.LinearSolver.INDIRECT])
+@pytest.mark.parametrize("linear_solver", [scs.LinearSolver.AUTO, scs.LinearSolver.QDLDL, scs.LinearSolver.CPU_INDIRECT])
 def test_sdp_both_solvers(linear_solver):
     """SDP solved with both direct and indirect backends."""
     sq2 = np.sqrt(2.0)
@@ -2027,7 +2027,7 @@ def test_direct_indirect_same_answer_lp():
     sol_d = scs.SCS(_make_data(), _CONE,
                     linear_solver=scs.LinearSolver.QDLDL, **opts).solve()
     sol_i = scs.SCS(_make_data(), _CONE,
-                    linear_solver=scs.LinearSolver.INDIRECT, **opts).solve()
+                    linear_solver=scs.LinearSolver.CPU_INDIRECT, **opts).solve()
     assert sol_d["info"]["status"] in ("solved", "solved_inaccurate")
     assert sol_i["info"]["status"] in ("solved", "solved_inaccurate")
     assert_almost_equal(sol_d["x"][0], sol_i["x"][0], decimal=4)
@@ -2040,7 +2040,7 @@ def test_direct_indirect_same_answer_qp():
     sol_d = scs.SCS({"A": _A, "b": _b, "c": _c, "P": P}, _CONE,
                     linear_solver=scs.LinearSolver.QDLDL, **opts).solve()
     sol_i = scs.SCS({"A": _A, "b": _b, "c": _c, "P": P}, _CONE,
-                    linear_solver=scs.LinearSolver.INDIRECT, **opts).solve()
+                    linear_solver=scs.LinearSolver.CPU_INDIRECT, **opts).solve()
     assert_almost_equal(sol_d["x"][0], sol_i["x"][0], decimal=3)
 
 
@@ -2383,7 +2383,7 @@ def test_gpu_tries_import():
     """linear_solver=GPU should attempt to import _scs_gpu."""
     try:
         scs.SCS(_make_data(), _CONE,
-                linear_solver=scs.LinearSolver.GPU, verbose=False)
+                linear_solver=scs.LinearSolver.GPU_INDIRECT, verbose=False)
     except ImportError:
         pass  # Expected: _scs_gpu not built
 
@@ -3084,7 +3084,7 @@ def test_linear_solver_qdldl():
 def test_linear_solver_indirect():
     """linear_solver=INDIRECT should use the CG (indirect) solver."""
     solver = scs.SCS(_make_data(), _CONE,
-                     linear_solver=scs.LinearSolver.INDIRECT, verbose=False)
+                     linear_solver=scs.LinearSolver.CPU_INDIRECT, verbose=False)
     sol = solver.solve()
     assert sol["info"]["status"] == "solved"
 
@@ -3111,7 +3111,7 @@ def test_linear_solver_dense_tries_import():
     """linear_solver=DENSE should attempt to import _scs_dense."""
     try:
         scs.SCS(_make_data(), _CONE,
-                linear_solver=scs.LinearSolver.DENSE, verbose=False)
+                linear_solver=scs.LinearSolver.CPU_DENSE, verbose=False)
     except ImportError:
         pass  # Expected: _scs_dense not built
 
diff --git a/test/test_scs_object.py b/test/test_scs_object.py
index 68c2681d..c9f42e7d 100644
--- a/test/test_scs_object.py
+++ b/test/test_scs_object.py
@@ -51,10 +51,10 @@ def import_error(msg):
 _solver_configs = [
     {"linear_solver": scs.LinearSolver.AUTO},
     {"linear_solver": scs.LinearSolver.QDLDL},
-    {"linear_solver": scs.LinearSolver.INDIRECT},
+    {"linear_solver": scs.LinearSolver.CPU_INDIRECT},
 ]
 if _dense_available:
-    _solver_configs.append({"linear_solver": scs.LinearSolver.DENSE})
+    _solver_configs.append({"linear_solver": scs.LinearSolver.CPU_DENSE})
 
 
 @pytest.mark.parametrize("solver_opts", _solver_configs)
diff --git a/test/test_scs_quad.py b/test/test_scs_quad.py
index 48472d6c..d497970a 100644
--- a/test/test_scs_quad.py
+++ b/test/test_scs_quad.py
@@ -17,5 +17,5 @@
 print(sol)
 sol = scs.solve(data, cone, linear_solver=scs.LinearSolver.QDLDL)
 print(sol)
-sol = scs.solve(data, cone, linear_solver=scs.LinearSolver.INDIRECT)
+sol = scs.solve(data, cone, linear_solver=scs.LinearSolver.CPU_INDIRECT)
 print(sol)
diff --git a/test/test_scs_rand.py b/test/test_scs_rand.py
index 30909437..c08f968f 100644
--- a/test/test_scs_rand.py
+++ b/test/test_scs_rand.py
@@ -83,10 +83,10 @@ def check_unbounded(sol):
 _solver_configs = [
     {"linear_solver": scs.LinearSolver.AUTO},
     {"linear_solver": scs.LinearSolver.QDLDL},
-    {"linear_solver": scs.LinearSolver.INDIRECT},
+    {"linear_solver": scs.LinearSolver.CPU_INDIRECT},
 ]
 if _dense_available:
-    _solver_configs.append({"linear_solver": scs.LinearSolver.DENSE})
+    _solver_configs.append({"linear_solver": scs.LinearSolver.CPU_DENSE})
 
 
 @pytest.mark.parametrize("solver_opts", _solver_configs)
@@ -113,7 +113,7 @@ def test_infeasible(solver_opts):
 # TODO: indirect solver has trouble in this test, so disable for now
 _unbounded_configs = [{"linear_solver": scs.LinearSolver.QDLDL}]
 if _dense_available:
-    _unbounded_configs.append({"linear_solver": scs.LinearSolver.DENSE})
+    _unbounded_configs.append({"linear_solver": scs.LinearSolver.CPU_DENSE})
 
 
 @pytest.mark.parametrize("solver_opts", _unbounded_configs)
diff --git a/test/test_scs_sdp.py b/test/test_scs_sdp.py
index b0967b46..bf8e37e2 100644
--- a/test/test_scs_sdp.py
+++ b/test/test_scs_sdp.py
@@ -83,10 +83,10 @@ def check_unbounded(sol):
 _solver_configs = [
     {"linear_solver": scs.LinearSolver.AUTO},
     {"linear_solver": scs.LinearSolver.QDLDL},
-    {"linear_solver": scs.LinearSolver.INDIRECT},
+    {"linear_solver": scs.LinearSolver.CPU_INDIRECT},
 ]
 if _dense_available:
-    _solver_configs.append({"linear_solver": scs.LinearSolver.DENSE})
+    _solver_configs.append({"linear_solver": scs.LinearSolver.CPU_DENSE})
 
 
 @pytest.mark.parametrize("solver_opts", _solver_configs)
@@ -113,7 +113,7 @@ def test_infeasible(solver_opts):
 # TODO: indirect solver has trouble in this test, so disable for now
 _unbounded_configs = [{"linear_solver": scs.LinearSolver.QDLDL}]
 if _dense_available:
-    _unbounded_configs.append({"linear_solver": scs.LinearSolver.DENSE})
+    _unbounded_configs.append({"linear_solver": scs.LinearSolver.CPU_DENSE})
 
 
 @pytest.mark.parametrize("solver_opts", _unbounded_configs)
diff --git a/test/test_solve_random_cone_prob.py b/test/test_solve_random_cone_prob.py
index a3882e12..7a1671dc 100644
--- a/test/test_solve_random_cone_prob.py
+++ b/test/test_solve_random_cone_prob.py
@@ -21,11 +21,11 @@ def import_error(msg):
     import_error("Please install pytest to run tests.")
     raise
 
-solvers = [scs.LinearSolver.AUTO, scs.LinearSolver.QDLDL, scs.LinearSolver.INDIRECT]
+solvers = [scs.LinearSolver.AUTO, scs.LinearSolver.QDLDL, scs.LinearSolver.CPU_INDIRECT]
 try:
     from scs import _scs_gpu
 
-    solvers.append(scs.LinearSolver.GPU)
+    solvers.append(scs.LinearSolver.GPU_INDIRECT)
 except ImportError:
     pass
 
diff --git a/test/test_solve_random_cone_prob_dense.py b/test/test_solve_random_cone_prob_dense.py
index c95d1ef3..1fbef480 100644
--- a/test/test_solve_random_cone_prob_dense.py
+++ b/test/test_solve_random_cone_prob_dense.py
@@ -41,7 +41,7 @@ def import_error(msg):
     def test_solve_feasible():
         rng = np.random.RandomState(3000)
         data, p_star = tools.gen_feasible(K, n=m // 3, density=0.1, rng=rng)
-        solver = scs.SCS(data, K, linear_solver=scs.LinearSolver.DENSE, **params)
+        solver = scs.SCS(data, K, linear_solver=scs.LinearSolver.CPU_DENSE, **params)
         sol = solver.solve()
         x = sol["x"]
         y = sol["y"]
@@ -61,7 +61,7 @@ def test_solve_feasible():
     def test_solve_infeasible():
         rng = np.random.RandomState(3001)
         data = tools.gen_infeasible(K, n=m // 2, rng=rng)
-        solver = scs.SCS(data, K, linear_solver=scs.LinearSolver.DENSE, **params)
+        solver = scs.SCS(data, K, linear_solver=scs.LinearSolver.CPU_DENSE, **params)
         sol = solver.solve()
         y = sol["y"]
         np.testing.assert_array_less(np.linalg.norm(data["A"].T @ y), 1e-3)
@@ -71,7 +71,7 @@ def test_solve_infeasible():
     def test_solve_unbounded():
         rng = np.random.RandomState(3002)
         data = tools.gen_unbounded(K, n=m // 2, rng=rng)
-        solver = scs.SCS(data, K, linear_solver=scs.LinearSolver.DENSE, **params)
+        solver = scs.SCS(data, K, linear_solver=scs.LinearSolver.CPU_DENSE, **params)
         sol = solver.solve()
         x = sol["x"]
         s = sol["s"]
diff --git a/test/test_spectral_and_complex_cones.py b/test/test_spectral_and_complex_cones.py
index 0b73725c..0eabf347 100644
--- a/test/test_spectral_and_complex_cones.py
+++ b/test/test_spectral_and_complex_cones.py
@@ -96,10 +96,10 @@ def _gen_feasible_qp(cone, n=None, p_scale=1.0, rng=None):
 _solver_configs = [
     {"linear_solver": scs.LinearSolver.AUTO},
     {"linear_solver": scs.LinearSolver.QDLDL},
-    {"linear_solver": scs.LinearSolver.INDIRECT},
+    {"linear_solver": scs.LinearSolver.CPU_INDIRECT},
 ]
 if _dense_available:
-    _solver_configs.append({"linear_solver": scs.LinearSolver.DENSE})
+    _solver_configs.append({"linear_solver": scs.LinearSolver.CPU_DENSE})
 
 skip_no_spectral = pytest.mark.skipif(
     not _spectral_available,