diff --git a/crates/jp_cli/src/schema.rs b/crates/jp_cli/src/schema.rs
index 8f01f3e88..26b419091 100644
--- a/crates/jp_cli/src/schema.rs
+++ b/crates/jp_cli/src/schema.rs
@@ -134,7 +134,7 @@ impl SchemaType {
             Self::Number => json!({"type": "number"}),
             Self::Boolean => json!({"type": "boolean"}),
             Self::Any => json!({}),
-            Self::Literal(val) => json!({"const": val}),
+            Self::Literal(value) => literal_schema(value),
             Self::Array(items) => json!({
                 "type": "array",
                 "items": items.to_json(),
@@ -667,23 +667,63 @@ fn fields_to_json(fields: &[SchemaField]) -> serde_json::Value {
     serde_json::Value::Object(schema)
 }
 
-/// Convert a union to JSON Schema, optimizing all-literal unions to `enum`.
+/// Convert a union to JSON Schema, optimizing compatible literal unions to a
+/// typed `enum`.
 fn union_to_json(types: &[SchemaType]) -> serde_json::Value {
-    if types.iter().all(SchemaType::is_literal) {
-        // All literals: use the more widely supported `enum` form.
-        let values: Vec<&serde_json::Value> = types
-            .iter()
-            .map(|t| match t {
-                SchemaType::Literal(v) => v,
-                _ => unreachable!(),
-            })
-            .collect();
-        json!({ "enum": values })
-    } else {
-        // Mixed types and literals: use `anyOf`.
-        json!({
+    if !types.iter().all(SchemaType::is_literal) {
+        return json!({
             "anyOf": types.iter().map(SchemaType::to_json).collect::<Vec<_>>(),
+        });
+    }
+
+    let values = types
+        .iter()
+        .map(|type_| match type_ {
+            SchemaType::Literal(value) => value,
+            _ => unreachable!(),
         })
+        .collect::<Vec<_>>();
+
+    match common_literal_type(&values) {
+        Some(type_) => json!({ "type": type_, "enum": values }),
+        None => json!({
+            "anyOf": values.into_iter().map(literal_schema).collect::<Vec<_>>(),
+        }),
+    }
+}
+
+// The type is redundant next to `const` for validation: both forms accept the
+// same documents. It is emitted anyway because a consumer that dispatches on
+// `type` skips a node without one, and at least one provider rejects such a
+// node outright.
+fn literal_schema(value: &serde_json::Value) -> serde_json::Value {
+    json!({
+        "type": literal_type(value),
+        "const": value,
+    })
+}
+
+fn common_literal_type(values: &[&serde_json::Value]) -> Option<&'static str> {
+    let first = values.first().map(|value| literal_type(value))?;
+    if values.iter().all(|value| literal_type(value) == first) {
+        return Some(first);
+    }
+
+    values
+        .iter()
+        .all(|value| matches!(literal_type(value), "integer" | "number"))
+        .then_some("number")
+}
+
+fn literal_type(value: &serde_json::Value) -> &'static str {
+    match value {
+        serde_json::Value::Null => "null",
+        serde_json::Value::Bool(_) => "boolean",
+        serde_json::Value::Number(number) if number.is_i64() || number.is_u64() => "integer",
+        serde_json::Value::Number(_) => "number",
+        serde_json::Value::String(_) => "string",
+        serde_json::Value::Array(_) => "array",
+        serde_json::Value::Object(_) => "object",
     }
 }
 
diff --git a/crates/jp_cli/src/schema_tests.rs b/crates/jp_cli/src/schema_tests.rs
index 9d4ba1c78..77d24ffd4 100644
--- a/crates/jp_cli/src/schema_tests.rs
+++ b/crates/jp_cli/src/schema_tests.rs
@@ -612,32 +612,62 @@ fn string_literal_enum() {
     let schema = parse_schema_dsl(r#"status "active"|"inactive"|"archived""#).unwrap();
     assert_eq!(
         schema["properties"]["status"],
-        json!({"enum": ["active", "inactive", "archived"]})
+        json!({"type": "string", "enum": ["active", "inactive", "archived"]})
     );
 }
 
 #[test]
 fn single_string_literal() {
     let schema = parse_schema_dsl(r#"kind "fixed""#).unwrap();
-    assert_eq!(schema["properties"]["kind"], json!({"const": "fixed"}));
+    assert_eq!(
+        schema["properties"]["kind"],
+        json!({"type": "string", "const": "fixed"})
+    );
 }
 
 #[test]
 fn number_literal() {
     let schema = parse_schema_dsl("version 1").unwrap();
-    assert_eq!(schema["properties"]["version"], json!({"const": 1}));
+    assert_eq!(
+        schema["properties"]["version"],
+        json!({"type": "integer", "const": 1})
+    );
 }
 
 #[test]
 fn negative_number_literal() {
     let schema = parse_schema_dsl("offset -1").unwrap();
-    assert_eq!(schema["properties"]["offset"], json!({"const": -1}));
+    assert_eq!(
+        schema["properties"]["offset"],
+        json!({"type": "integer", "const": -1})
+    );
 }
 
 #[test]
 fn float_literal() {
     let schema = parse_schema_dsl("ratio 0.5").unwrap();
-    assert_eq!(schema["properties"]["ratio"], json!({"const": 0.5}));
+    assert_eq!(
+        schema["properties"]["ratio"],
+        json!({"type": "number", "const": 0.5})
+    );
+}
+
+#[test]
+fn integer_literal_enum_has_integer_type() {
+    let schema = parse_schema_dsl("value 1|2|3").unwrap();
+    assert_eq!(
+        schema["properties"]["value"],
+        json!({"type": "integer", "enum": [1, 2, 3]})
+    );
+}
+
+#[test]
+fn numeric_literal_enum_has_number_type() {
+    let schema = parse_schema_dsl("value 1|2.5").unwrap();
+    assert_eq!(
+        schema["properties"]["value"],
+        json!({"type": "number", "enum": [1, 2.5]})
+    );
 }
 
 #[test]
@@ -645,7 +675,13 @@ fn mixed_literal_enum() {
     let schema = parse_schema_dsl(r#"value "foo"|"bar"|42"#).unwrap();
     assert_eq!(
         schema["properties"]["value"],
-        json!({"enum": ["foo", "bar", 42]})
+        json!({
+            "anyOf": [
+                {"type": "string", "const": "foo"},
+                {"type": "string", "const": "bar"},
+                {"type": "integer", "const": 42}
+            ]
+        })
     );
 }
 
@@ -654,26 +690,35 @@ fn literal_mixed_with_type() {
     let schema = parse_schema_dsl(r#"value "special"|int"#).unwrap();
     assert_eq!(
         schema["properties"]["value"],
-        json!({"anyOf": [{"const": "special"}, {"type": "integer"}]})
+        json!({"anyOf": [{"type": "string", "const": "special"}, {"type": "integer"}]})
     );
 }
 
 #[test]
 fn boolean_literal_true() {
     let schema = parse_schema_dsl("answer true").unwrap();
-    assert_eq!(schema["properties"]["answer"], json!({"const": true}));
+    assert_eq!(
+        schema["properties"]["answer"],
+        json!({"type": "boolean", "const": true})
+    );
 }
 
 #[test]
 fn boolean_literal_false() {
     let schema = parse_schema_dsl("answer false").unwrap();
-    assert_eq!(schema["properties"]["answer"], json!({"const": false}));
+    assert_eq!(
+        schema["properties"]["answer"],
+        json!({"type": "boolean", "const": false})
+    );
 }
 
 #[test]
 fn null_literal() {
     let schema = parse_schema_dsl("cleared null").unwrap();
-    assert_eq!(schema["properties"]["cleared"], json!({"const": null}));
+    assert_eq!(
+        schema["properties"]["cleared"],
+        json!({"type": "null", "const": null})
+    );
 }
 
 #[test]
@@ -681,7 +726,7 @@ fn nullable_string() {
     let schema = parse_schema_dsl("value null|string").unwrap();
     assert_eq!(
         schema["properties"]["value"],
-        json!({"anyOf": [{"const": null}, {"type": "string"}]})
+        json!({"anyOf": [{"type": "null", "const": null}, {"type": "string"}]})
     );
 }
 
@@ -690,7 +735,10 @@ fn enum_in_array() {
     let schema = parse_schema_dsl(r#"tags ["foo"|"bar"|"baz"]"#).unwrap();
     assert_eq!(
         schema["properties"]["tags"],
-        json!({"type": "array", "items": {"enum": ["foo", "bar", "baz"]}})
+        json!({
+            "type": "array",
+            "items": {"type": "string", "enum": ["foo", "bar", "baz"]}
+        })
     );
 }
 
@@ -700,7 +748,7 @@ fn enum_in_nested_object() {
     let config = &schema["properties"]["config"];
     assert_eq!(
         config["properties"]["mode"],
-        json!({"enum": ["fast", "slow"]})
+        json!({"type": "string", "enum": ["fast", "slow"]})
     );
     assert_eq!(config["properties"]["count"], json!({"type": "integer"}));
 }
@@ -710,15 +758,21 @@ fn enum_with_description() {
     let schema = parse_schema_dsl(r#"status "active"|"inactive": current status"#).unwrap();
     assert_eq!(
         schema["properties"]["status"],
-        json!({"enum": ["active", "inactive"], "description": "current status"})
+        json!({
+            "type": "string",
+            "enum": ["active", "inactive"],
+            "description": "current status"
+        })
     );
 }
 
 #[test]
-fn true_false_enum_is_not_bool_type() {
-    // true|false produces enum, not {"type": "boolean"}
+fn true_false_enum_has_boolean_type() {
     let schema = parse_schema_dsl("flag true|false").unwrap();
-    assert_eq!(schema["properties"]["flag"], json!({"enum": [true, false]}));
+    assert_eq!(
+        schema["properties"]["flag"],
+        json!({"type": "boolean", "enum": [true, false]})
+    );
 }
 
 #[test]
@@ -728,7 +782,7 @@ fn field_level_union_with_literal_and_array() {
         schema["properties"]["value"],
         json!({
             "anyOf": [
-                {"type": "array", "items": {"enum": ["a", "b"]}},
+                {"type": "array", "items": {"type": "string", "enum": ["a", "b"]}},
                 {"type": "integer"}
             ]
         })
diff --git a/docs/.vitepress/rfd-summaries.json b/docs/.vitepress/rfd-summaries.json
index 9826be052..1ead11442 100644
--- a/docs/.vitepress/rfd-summaries.json
+++ b/docs/.vitepress/rfd-summaries.json
@@ -116,7 +116,7 @@
     "summary": "Make JP scriptable with concise schema DSL and inferred clean JSON output when piping or with --schema flag."
   },
   "030-schema-dsl.md": {
-    "hash": "d8f041473711fa0ec15010002e56e1ef8e8f65c1b55481601e6efdffc4d70f2e",
+    "hash": "97d9fe44330e60174d9045dfba09869ee1f005af585df97f79163a947cdd7ff6",
     "summary": "JP's concise DSL syntax for defining JSON Schema objects via command-line flags with types, descriptions, and nested structures."
   },
   "031-durable-conversation-storage-with-workspace-projection.md": {
diff --git a/docs/rfd/030-schema-dsl.md b/docs/rfd/030-schema-dsl.md
index b5333639f..3b1d7a6de 100644
--- a/docs/rfd/030-schema-dsl.md
+++ b/docs/rfd/030-schema-dsl.md
@@ -192,13 +192,17 @@ Quoted strings, numbers, `true`, `false`, and `null` in the type position define
 literal (constant) values:
 
 ```
-kind "fixed"                   → {"const": "fixed"}
-version 1                      → {"const": 1}
-ratio 0.5                      → {"const": 0.5}
-answer true                    → {"const": true}
-cleared null                   → {"const": null}
+kind "fixed"                   → {"type": "string", "const": "fixed"}
+version 1                      → {"type": "integer", "const": 1}
+ratio 0.5                      → {"type": "number", "const": 0.5}
+answer true                    → {"type": "boolean", "const": true}
+cleared null                   → {"type": "null", "const": null}
 ```
 
+A literal carries both its type and its value.
+`{"type": "integer", "const": 1}` and `{"const": 1}` accept the same documents;
+the first also says what kind of value it is.
+
 Strings must be quoted in the type position to distinguish them from type
 keywords.
 `string` is the type; `"string"` is the literal value `"string"`.
@@ -206,18 +210,18 @@ keywords.
 ### Unions
 
 The pipe `|` creates union types.
-When all variants are literals, the output uses `enum` (widely supported by LLM
-providers in strict mode).
-When the union mixes literals and types, the output uses `anyOf`.
+When every variant is a literal and the literals share a type, the output is a
+typed `enum`; integer and float literals together widen to `number`.
+Every other union is an `anyOf`.
 
-**All literals — `enum`:**
+**All literals of one type — typed `enum`:**
 
 ```
 status "active"|"inactive"|"archived"
 ```
 
 ```json
-{"enum": ["active", "inactive", "archived"]}
+{"type": "string", "enum": ["active", "inactive", "archived"]}
 ```
 
 **Mixed types — `anyOf`:**
@@ -227,17 +231,23 @@ value "special"|int
 ```
 
 ```json
-{"anyOf": [{"const": "special"}, {"type": "integer"}]}
+{"anyOf": [{"type": "string", "const": "special"}, {"type": "integer"}]}
 ```
 
-**Mixed literals (different JSON types) — `enum`:**
+**Mixed literal types — `anyOf`:**
 
 ```
 value "foo"|"bar"|42
 ```
 
 ```json
-{"enum": ["foo", "bar", 42]}
+{
+  "anyOf": [
+    {"type": "string", "const": "foo"},
+    {"type": "string", "const": "bar"},
+    {"type": "integer", "const": 42}
+  ]
+}
 ```
 
 Inside arrays, `|` defines which item types the array accepts:
@@ -257,7 +267,7 @@ tags ["foo"|"bar"|"baz"]
 ```
 
 ```json
-{"type": "array", "items": {"enum": ["foo", "bar", "baz"]}}
+{"type": "array", "items": {"type": "string", "enum": ["foo", "bar", "baz"]}}
 ```
 
 At the field level, `|` creates a union of the entire type:
@@ -392,7 +402,7 @@ This produces:
       "properties": {
         "name": {"type": "string"},
         "age": {"type": "integer"},
-        "role": {"enum": ["engineer", "manager", "designer"]},
+        "role": {"type": "string", "enum": ["engineer", "manager", "designer"]},
         "misc": {"type": "array", "items": {}, "description": "whatever you want"},
         "nested": {
           "type": "object",