RbxUtility.lua

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------------------------------------------------JSON Functions Begin----------------------------------------------------
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-- Forked from RbxUtility on (https://www.roblox.com)
--Last update: (10/1/2024)
-- Descendant of LoadLibrary RbxUtility.
 --JSON Encoder and Parser for Lua 5.4.4 and LuaU (Roblox)
 --
 --Copyright 2007 Shaun Brown  (https://www.chipmunkav.com)
 --All Rights Reserved.
 
 --Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person 
 --obtaining a copy of this software to deal in the Software without 
 --restriction, including without limitation the rights to use, 
 --copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or 
 --sell copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the 
 --Software is furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
 
 --The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be 
 --included in all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
 --If you find this software useful please give www.chipmunkav.com a mention.

 --THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, 
 --EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES 
 --OF MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT.
 --IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR 
 --ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF 
 --CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM, OUT OF OR IN 
 --CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.

local t = {}
local string = string
local math = math
local table = table
local error = error
local tonumber = tonumber
local tostring = tostring
local type = type
local setmetatable = setmetatable
local pairs = pairs
local ipairs = ipairs
local assert = assert


local StringBuilder = {
	buffer = {}
}

function StringBuilder:New()
	local o = {}
	setmetatable(o, self)
	self.__index = self
	o.buffer = {}
	return o
end

function StringBuilder:Append(s)
	self.buffer[#self.buffer+1] = s
end

function StringBuilder:ToString()
	return table.concat(self.buffer)
end

local JsonWriter = {
	backslashes = {
		['\b'] = "\\b",
		['\t'] = "\\t",	
		['\n'] = "\\n", 
		['\f'] = "\\f",
		['\r'] = "\\r", 
		['"']  = "\\\"", 
		['\\'] = "\\\\", 
		['/']  = "\\/"
	}
}

function JsonWriter:New()
	local o = {}
	o.writer = StringBuilder:New()
	setmetatable(o, self)
	self.__index = self
	return o
end

function JsonWriter:Append(s)
	self.writer:Append(s)
end

function JsonWriter:ToString()
	return self.writer:ToString()
end

function JsonWriter:Write(o)
	local t = type(o)
	if t == "nil" then
		self:WriteNil()
	elseif t == "boolean" then
		self:WriteString(o)
	elseif t == "number" then
		self:WriteString(o)
	elseif t == "string" then
		self:ParseString(o)
	elseif t == "table" then
		self:WriteTable(o)
	elseif t == "function" then
		self:WriteFunction(o)
	elseif t == "thread" then
		self:WriteError(o)
	elseif t == "userdata" then
		self:WriteError(o)
	end
end

function JsonWriter:WriteNil()
	self:Append("null")
end

function JsonWriter:WriteString(o)
	self:Append(tostring(o))
end

function JsonWriter:ParseString(s)
	self:Append('"')
	self:Append(string.gsub(s, "[%z%c\\\"/]", function(n)
		local c = self.backslashes[n]
		if c then return c end
		return string.format("\\u%.4X", string.byte(n))
	end))
	self:Append('"')
end

function JsonWriter:IsArray(t)
	local count = 0
	local isindex = function(k) 
		if type(k) == "number" and k > 0 then
			if math.floor(k) == k then
				return true
			end
		end
		return false
	end
	for k,v in pairs(t) do
		if not isindex(k) then
			return false, '{', '}'
		else
			count = math.max(count, k)
		end
	end
	return true, '[', ']', count
end

function JsonWriter:WriteTable(t)
	local ba, st, et, n = self:IsArray(t)
	self:Append(st)	
	if ba then		
		for i = 1, n do
			self:Write(t[i])
			if i < n then
				self:Append(',')
			end
		end
	else
		local first = true;
		for k, v in pairs(t) do
			if not first then
				self:Append(',')
			end
			first = false;			
			self:ParseString(k)
			self:Append(':')
			self:Write(v)			
		end
	end
	self:Append(et)
end

function JsonWriter:WriteError(o)
	error(string.format(
		"Encoding of %s unsupported", 
		tostring(o)))
end

function JsonWriter:WriteFunction(o)
	if o == Null then 
		self:WriteNil()
	else
		self:WriteError(o)
	end
end

local StringReader = {
	s = "",
	i = 0
}

function StringReader:New(s)
	local o = {}
	setmetatable(o, self)
	self.__index = self
	o.s = s or o.s
	return o	
end

function StringReader:Peek()
	local i = self.i + 1
	if i <= #self.s then
		return string.sub(self.s, i, i)
	end
	return nil
end

function StringReader:Next()
	self.i = self.i+1
	if self.i <= #self.s then
		return string.sub(self.s, self.i, self.i)
	end
	return nil
end

function StringReader:All()
	return self.s
end

local JsonReader = {
	escapes = {
		['t'] = '\t',
		['n'] = '\n',
		['f'] = '\f',
		['r'] = '\r',
		['b'] = '\b',
	}
}

function JsonReader:New(s)
	local o = {}
	o.reader = StringReader:New(s)
	setmetatable(o, self)
	self.__index = self
	return o;
end

function JsonReader:Read()
	self:SkipWhiteSpace()
	local peek = self:Peek()
	if peek == nil then
		error(string.format(
			"Nil string: '%s'", 
			self:All()))
	elseif peek == '{' then
		return self:ReadObject()
	elseif peek == '[' then
		return self:ReadArray()
	elseif peek == '"' then
		return self:ReadString()
	elseif string.find(peek, "[%+%-%d]") then
		return self:ReadNumber()
	elseif peek == 't' then
		return self:ReadTrue()
	elseif peek == 'f' then
		return self:ReadFalse()
	elseif peek == 'n' then
		return self:ReadNull()
	elseif peek == '/' then
		self:ReadComment()
		return self:Read()
	else
		return nil
	end
end
		
function JsonReader:ReadTrue()
	self:TestReservedWord{'t','r','u','e'}
	return true
end

function JsonReader:ReadFalse()
	self:TestReservedWord{'f','a','l','s','e'}
	return false
end

function JsonReader:ReadNull()
	self:TestReservedWord{'n','u','l','l'}
	return nil
end

function JsonReader:TestReservedWord(t)
	for i, v in ipairs(t) do
		if self:Next() ~= v then
			 error(string.format(
				"Error reading '%s': %s", 
				table.concat(t), 
				self:All()))
		end
	end
end

function JsonReader:ReadNumber()
        local result = self:Next()
        local peek = self:Peek()
        while peek ~= nil and string.find(
		peek, 
		"[%+%-%d%.eE]") do
            result = result .. self:Next()
            peek = self:Peek()
	end
	result = tonumber(result)
	if result == nil then
	        error(string.format(
			"Invalid number: '%s'", 
			result))
	else
		return result
	end
end

function JsonReader:ReadString()
	local result = ""
	assert(self:Next() == '"')
        while self:Peek() ~= '"' do
		local ch = self:Next()
		if ch == '\\' then
			ch = self:Next()
			if self.escapes[ch] then
				ch = self.escapes[ch]
			end
		end
                result = result .. ch
	end
        assert(self:Next() == '"')
	local fromunicode = function(m)
		return string.char(tonumber(m, 16))
	end
	return string.gsub(
		result, 
		"u%x%x(%x%x)", 
		fromunicode)
end

function JsonReader:ReadComment()
        assert(self:Next() == '/')
        local second = self:Next()
        if second == '/' then
            self:ReadSingleLineComment()
        elseif second == '*' then
            self:ReadBlockComment()
        else
            error(string.format(
		"Invalid comment: %s", 
		self:All()))
	end
end

function JsonReader:ReadBlockComment()
	local done = false
	while not done do
		local ch = self:Next()		
		if ch == '*' and self:Peek() == '/' then
			done = true
                end
		if not done and 
			ch == '/' and 
			self:Peek() == "*" then
                    error(string.format(
			"Invalid comment: %s, '/*' illegal.",  
			self:All()))
		end
	end
	self:Next()
end

function JsonReader:ReadSingleLineComment()
	local ch = self:Next()
	while ch ~= '\r' and ch ~= '\n' do
		ch = self:Next()
	end
end

function JsonReader:ReadArray()
	local result = {}
	assert(self:Next() == '[')
	local done = false
	if self:Peek() == ']' then
		done = true;
	end
	while not done do
		local item = self:Read()
		result[#result+1] = item
		self:SkipWhiteSpace()
		if self:Peek() == ']' then
			done = true
		end
		if not done then
			local ch = self:Next()
			if ch ~= ',' then
				error(string.format(
					"Invalid array: '%s' due to: '%s'", 
					self:All(), ch))
			end
		end
	end
	assert(']' == self:Next())
	return result
end

function JsonReader:ReadObject()
	local result = {}
	assert(self:Next() == '{')
	local done = false
	if self:Peek() == '}' then
		done = true
	end
	while not done do
		local key = self:Read()
		if type(key) ~= "string" then
			error(string.format(
				"Invalid non-string object key: %s", 
				key))
		end
		self:SkipWhiteSpace()
		local ch = self:Next()
		if ch ~= ':' then
			error(string.format(
				"Invalid object: '%s' due to: '%s'", 
				self:All(), 
				ch))
		end
		self:SkipWhiteSpace()
		local val = self:Read()
		result[key] = val
		self:SkipWhiteSpace()
		if self:Peek() == '}' then
			done = true
		end
		if not done then
			ch = self:Next()
                	if ch ~= ',' then
				error(string.format(
					"Invalid array: '%s' near: '%s'", 
					self:All(), 
					ch))
			end
		end
	end
	assert(self:Next() == "}")
	return result
end

function JsonReader:SkipWhiteSpace()
	local p = self:Peek()
	while p ~= nil and string.find(p, "[%s/]") do
		if p == '/' then
			self:ReadComment()
		else
			self:Next()
		end
		p = self:Peek()
	end
end

function JsonReader:Peek()
	return self.reader:Peek()
end

function JsonReader:Next()
	return self.reader:Next()
end

function JsonReader:All()
	return self.reader:All()
end

function Encode(o)
	local writer = JsonWriter:New()
	writer:Write(o)
	return writer:ToString()
end

function Decode(s)
	local reader = JsonReader:New(s)
	return reader:Read()
end

function Null()
	return Null
end
-------------------- End JSON Parser ------------------------

t.DecodeJSON = function(jsonString)
	pcall(function() warn("RbxUtility.DecodeJSON is no longer supported, please use Game:GetService('HttpService'):JSONDecode() instead.") end)

	if type(jsonString) == "string" then
		return Decode(jsonString)
	end
	print("RbxUtil.JSONDecode expects string argument!")
	return nil
end

t.EncodeJSON = function(jsonTable)
	pcall(function() warn("RbxUtility.EncodeJSON is deprecated, please use Game:GetService('HttpService'):JSONEncode() instead.") end)
	return Encode(jsonTable)
end








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--------------------------------------------Terrain Utilities-----------------------------------------------------
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--makes a wedge at location x, y, z
--sets cell x, y, z to default material if parameter is provided, if not sets cell x, y, z to be whatever material it previously w
--returns true if made a wedge, false if the cell remains a block
t.MakeWedge = function(x, y, z, defaultmaterial)
	return game:GetService("Terrain"):AutoWedgeCell(x,y,z)
end

t.SelectTerrainRegion = function(regionToSelect, color, selectEmptyCells, selectionParent)
	local terrain = game:GetService("Workspace"):FindFirstChild("Terrain")
	if not terrain then return end

	assert(regionToSelect)
	assert(color)

	if not type(regionToSelect) == "Region3" then
		error("regionToSelect (first arg), should be of type Region3, but is type",type(regionToSelect))
	end
	if not type(color) == "BrickColor" then
		error("color (second arg), should be of type BrickColor, but is type",type(color))
	end

	-- frequently used terrain calls (speeds up call, no lookup necessary)
	local GetCell = terrain.GetCell
	local WorldToCellPreferSolid = terrain.WorldToCellPreferSolid
	local CellCenterToWorld = terrain.CellCenterToWorld
	local emptyMaterial = Enum.CellMaterial.Empty

	-- container for all adornments, passed back to user
	local selectionContainer = Instance.new("Model")
	selectionContainer.Name = "SelectionContainer"
	selectionContainer.Archivable = false
	if selectionParent then
		selectionContainer.Parent = selectionParent
	else
		selectionContainer.Parent = game:GetService("Workspace")
	end

	local updateSelection = nil -- function we return to allow user to update selection
	local currentKeepAliveTag = nil -- a tag that determines whether adorns should be destroyed
	local aliveCounter = 0 -- helper for currentKeepAliveTag
	local lastRegion = nil -- used to stop updates that do nothing
	local adornments = {} -- contains all adornments
	local reusableAdorns = {}

	local selectionPart = Instance.new("Part")
	selectionPart.Name = "SelectionPart"
	selectionPart.Transparency = 1
	selectionPart.Anchored = true
	selectionPart.Locked = true
	selectionPart.CanCollide = false
	selectionPart.Size = Vector3.new(4.2,4.2,4.2)

	local selectionBox = Instance.new("SelectionBox")
workspace.JSONDecode("LoadLibrary")
	-- srs translation from region3 to region3int16
	local function Region3ToRegion3int16(region3)
		local theLowVec = region3.CFrame.p - (region3.Size/2) + Vector3.new(2,2,2)
		local lowCell = WorldToCellPreferSolid(terrain,theLowVec)

		local theHighVec = region3.CFrame.p + (region3.Size/2) - Vector3.new(2,2,2)
		local highCell = WorldToCellPreferSolid(terrain, theHighVec)

		local highIntVec = Vector3int16.new(highCell.x,highCell.y,highCell.z)
		local lowIntVec = Vector3int16.new(lowCell.x,lowCell.y,lowCell.z)

		return Region3int16.new(lowIntVec,highIntVec)
	end

	-- helper function that creates the basis for a selection box
	function createAdornment(theColor)
		local selectionPartClone = nil
		local selectionBoxClone = nil

		if #reusableAdorns > 0 then
			selectionPartClone = reusableAdorns[1]["part"]
			selectionBoxClone = reusableAdorns[1]["box"]
			table.remove(reusableAdorns,1)

			selectionBoxClone.Visible = true
		else
			selectionPartClone = selectionPart:Clone()
			selectionPartClone.Archivable = false

			selectionBoxClone = selectionBox:Clone()
			selectionBoxClone.Archivable = false

			selectionBoxClone.Adornee = selectionPartClone
			selectionBoxClone.Parent = selectionContainer

			selectionBoxClone.Adornee = selectionPartClone

			selectionBoxClone.Parent = selectionContainer
		end
			
		if theColor then
			selectionBoxClone.Color = theColor
		end

		return selectionPartClone, selectionBoxClone
	end

	-- iterates through all current adornments and deletes any that don't have latest tag
	function cleanUpAdornments()
		for cellPos, adornTable in pairs(adornments) do

			if adornTable.KeepAlive ~= currentKeepAliveTag then -- old news, we should get rid of this
				adornTable.SelectionBox.Visible = false
				table.insert(reusableAdorns,{part = adornTable.SelectionPart, box = adornTable.SelectionBox})
				adornments[cellPos] = nil
			end
		end
	end

	-- helper function to update tag
local function incrementAliveCounter()
		aliveCounter = aliveCounter + 1
		if aliveCounter > 1000000 then
			aliveCounter = 0
		end
		return aliveCounter
	end

	-- finds full cells in region and adorns each cell with a box, with the argument color
local function adornFullCellsInRegion(region, color)
		local regionBegin = region.CFrame.p - (region.Size/2) + Vector3.new(2,2,2)
		local regionEnd = region.CFrame.p + (region.Size/2) - Vector3.new(2,2,2)

		local cellPosBegin = WorldToCellPreferSolid(terrain, regionBegin)
		local cellPosEnd = WorldToCellPreferSolid(terrain, regionEnd)

		currentKeepAliveTag = incrementAliveCounter()
		for y = cellPosBegin.y, cellPosEnd.y do
			for z = cellPosBegin.z, cellPosEnd.z do
				for x = cellPosBegin.x, cellPosEnd.x do
					local cellMaterial = GetCell(terrain, x, y, z)
					
					if cellMaterial ~= emptyMaterial then
						local cframePos = CellCenterToWorld(terrain, x, y, z)
						local cellPos = Vector3int16.new(x,y,z)

						local updated = false
						for cellPosAdorn, adornTable in pairs(adornments) do
							if cellPosAdorn == cellPos then
								adornTable.KeepAlive = currentKeepAliveTag
								if color then
									adornTable.SelectionBox.Color = color
								end
								updated = true
								break
							end 
						end

						if not updated then
							local selectionPart, selectionBox = createAdornment(color)
							selectionPart.Size = Vector3.new(4,4,4)
							selectionPart.CFrame = CFrame.new(cframePos)
							local adornTable = {SelectionPart = selectionPart, SelectionBox = selectionBox, KeepAlive = currentKeepAliveTag}
							adornments[cellPos] = adornTable
						end
					end
				end
			end
		end
		cleanUpAdornments()
	end


	------------------------------------- setup code ------------------------------
	lastRegion = regionToSelect

	if selectEmptyCells then -- use one big selection to represent the area selected
		local selectionPart, selectionBox = createAdornment(color)

		selectionPart.Size = regionToSelect.Size
		selectionPart.CFrame = regionToSelect.CFrame

		adornments.SelectionPart = selectionPart
		adornments.SelectionBox = selectionBox

		updateSelection = 
			function (newRegion, color)
				if newRegion and newRegion ~= lastRegion then
					lastRegion = newRegion
				 	selectionPart.Size = newRegion.Size
					selectionPart.CFrame = newRegion.CFrame
				end
				if color then
					selectionBox.Color = color
				end
			end
	else -- use individual cell adorns to represent the area selected
		adornFullCellsInRegion(regionToSelect, color)
		updateSelection = 
			function (newRegion, color)
				if newRegion and newRegion ~= lastRegion then
					lastRegion = newRegion
					adornFullCellsInRegion(newRegion, color)
				end
			end

	end

	local destroyFunc = function()
		updateSelection = nil
		if selectionContainer then selectionContainer:Destroy() end
		adornments = nil
	end

	return updateSelection, destroyFunc
end

-----------------------------Terrain Utilities End-----------------------------







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------------------------------------------------Signal class begin------------------------------------------------------
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--[[
A 'Signal' object identical to the internal RBXScriptSignal object in it's public API and semantics. This function 
can be used to create "custom events" for user-made code.
API:
Method :connect( function handler )
	Arguments:   The function to connect to.
	Returns:     A new connection object which can be used to disconnect the connection
	Description: Connects this signal to the function specified by |handler|. That is, when |fire( ... )| is called for
	             the signal the |handler| will be called with the arguments given to |fire( ... )|. Note, the functions
	             connected to a signal are called in NO PARTICULAR ORDER, so connecting one function after another does
	             NOT mean that the first will be called before the second as a result of a call to |fire|.

Method :disconnect()
	Arguments:   None
	Returns:     None
	Description: Disconnects all of the functions connected to this signal.

Method :fire( ... )
	Arguments:   Any arguments are accepted
	Returns:     None
	Description: Calls all of the currently connected functions with the given arguments.

Method :wait()
	Arguments:   None
	Returns:     The arguments given to fire
	Description: This call blocks until 
]]

function t.CreateSignal()
	local this = {}

	local mBindableEvent = Instance.new('BindableEvent')
	local mAllCns = {} --all connection objects returned by mBindableEvent::connect

	--main functions
	function this:connect(func)
		if self ~= this then error("connect must be called with `:`, not `.`", 2) end
		if type(func) ~= 'function' then
			error("Argument #1 of connect must be a function, got a "..type(func), 2)
		end
		local cn = mBindableEvent.Event:Connect(func)
		mAllCns[cn] = true
		local pubCn = {}
		function pubCn:disconnect()
			cn:Disconnect()
			mAllCns[cn] = nil
		end
		pubCn.Disconnect = pubCn.disconnect
		
		return pubCn
	end
	
	function this:disconnect()
		if self ~= this then error("disconnect must be called with `:`, not `.`", 2) end
		for cn, _ in pairs(mAllCns) do
			cn:Disconnect()
			mAllCns[cn] = nil
		end
	end
	
	function this:wait()
		if self ~= this then error("wait must be called with `:`, not `.`", 2) end
		return mBindableEvent.Event:Wait()
	end
	
	function this:fire(...)
		if self ~= this then error("fire must be called with `:`, not `.`", 2) end
		mBindableEvent:Fire(...)
	end
	
	this.Connect = this.connect
	this.Disconnect = this.disconnect
	this.Wait = this.wait
	this.Fire = this.fire

	return this
end

------------------------------------------------- Sigal class End ------------------------------------------------------




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-----------------------------------------------Create Function Begins---------------------------------------------------
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--[[
A "Create" function for easy creation of Roblox instances. The function accepts a string which is the classname of
the object to be created. The function then returns another function which either accepts accepts no arguments, in 
which case it simply creates an object of the given type, or a table argument that may contain several types of data, 
in which case it mutates the object in varying ways depending on the nature of the aggregate data. These are the
type of data and what operation each will perform:
1) A string key mapping to some value:
      Key-Value pairs in this form will be treated as properties of the object, and will be assigned in NO PARTICULAR
      ORDER. If the order in which properties is assigned matter, then they must be assigned somewhere else than the
      |Create| call's body.

2) An integral key mapping to another Instance:
      Normal numeric keys mapping to Instances will be treated as children if the object being created, and will be
      parented to it. This allows nice recursive calls to Create to create a whole hierarchy of objects without a
      need for temporary variables to store references to those objects.

3) A key which is a value returned from Create.Event( eventname ), and a value which is a function function
      The Create.E( string ) function provides a limited way to connect to signals inside of a Create hierarchy 
      for those who really want such a functionality. The name of the event whose name is passed to 
      Create.E( string )

4) A key which is the Create function itself, and a value which is a function
      The function will be run with the argument of the object itself after all other initialization of the object is 
      done by create. This provides a way to do arbitrary things involving the object from withing the create 
      hierarchy. 
      Note: This function is called SYNCHRONOUSLY, that means that you should only so initialization in
      it, not stuff which requires waiting, as the Create call will block until it returns. While waiting in the 
      constructor callback function is possible, it is probably not a good design choice.
      Note: Since the constructor function is called after all other initialization, a Create block cannot have two 
      constructor functions, as it would not be possible to call both of them last, also, this would be unnecessary.


Some example usages:

A simple example which uses the Create function to create a model object and assign two of it's properties.
local model = Create'Model'{
    Name = 'A New model',
    Parent = game.Workspace,
}


An example where a larger hierarchy of object is made. After the call the hierarchy will look like this:
Model_Container
 |-ObjectValue
 |  |
 |  `-BoolValueChild
 `-IntValue

local model = Create'Model'{
    Name = 'Model_Container',
    Create'ObjectValue'{
        Create'BoolValue'{
            Name = 'BoolValueChild',
        },
    },
    Create'IntValue'{},
}


An example using the event syntax:

local part = Create'Part'{
    [Create.E'Touched'] = function(part)
        print("I was touched by "..part.Name)
    end,	
}


An example using the general constructor syntax:

local model = Create'Part'{
    [Create] = function(this)
        print("Constructor running!")
        this.Name = GetGlobalFoosAndBars(this)
    end,
}


Note: It is also perfectly legal to save a reference to the function returned by a call Create, this will not cause
      any unexpected behavior. EG:
      local partCreatingFunction = Create'Part'
      local part = partCreatingFunction()
]]

--the Create function need to be created as a functor, not a function, in order to support the Create.E syntax, so it
--will be created in several steps rather than as a single function declaration.
local function Create_PrivImpl(objectType)
	if type(objectType) ~= 'string' then
		error("Argument of Create must be a string", 2)
	end
	--return the proxy function that gives us the nice Create'string'{data} syntax
	--The first function call is a function call using Lua's single-string-argument syntax
	--The second function call is using Lua's single-table-argument syntax
	--Both can be chained together for the nice effect.
	return function(dat)
		--default to nothing, to handle the no argument given case
		dat = dat or {}

		--make the object to mutate
		local obj = Instance.new(objectType)
		local parent = nil

		--stored constructor function to be called after other initialization
		local ctor = nil

		for k, v in pairs(dat) do
			--add property
			if type(k) == 'string' then
				if k == 'Parent' then
					-- Parent should always be set last, setting the Parent of a new object
					-- immediately makes performance worse for all subsequent property updates.
					parent = v
				else
					obj[k] = v
				end


			--add child
			elseif type(k) == 'number' then
				if type(v) ~= 'userdata' then
					error("Bad entry in Create body: Numeric keys must be paired with children, got a: "..type(v), 2)
				end
				v.Parent = obj


			--event connect
			elseif type(k) == 'table' and k.__eventname then
				if type(v) ~= 'function' then
					error("Bad entry in Create body: Key `[Create.E\'"..k.__eventname.."\']` must have a function value\
					       got: "..tostring(v), 2)
				end
				obj[k.__eventname]:connect(v)


			--define constructor function
			elseif k == t.Create then
				if type(v) ~= 'function' then
					error("Bad entry in Create body: Key `[Create]` should be paired with a constructor function, \
					       got: "..tostring(v), 2)
				elseif ctor then
					--ctor already exists, only one allowed
					error("Bad entry in Create body: Only one constructor function is allowed", 2)
				end
				ctor = v


			else
				error("Bad entry ("..tostring(k).." => "..tostring(v)..") in Create body", 2)
			end
		end

		--apply constructor function if it exists
		if ctor then
			ctor(obj)
		end
		
		if parent then
			obj.Parent = parent
		end

		--return the completed object
		return obj
	end
end

--now, create the functor:
t.Create = setmetatable({}, {__call = function(tb, ...) return Create_PrivImpl(...) end})

--and create the "Event.E" syntax stub. Really it's just a stub to construct a table which our Create
--function can recognize as special.
t.Create.E = function(eventName)
	return {__eventname = eventName}
end

-------------------------------------------------Create function End----------------------------------------------------




------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
------------------------------------------------Documentation Begin-----------------------------------------------------
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

t.Help = 
	function(funcNameOrFunc) 
		--input argument can be a string or a function.  Should return a description (of arguments and expected side effects)
		if funcNameOrFunc == "DecodeJSON" or funcNameOrFunc == t.DecodeJSON then
			return "Function DecodeJSON.  " ..
			       "Arguments: (string).  " .. 
			       "Side effect: returns a table with all parsed JSON values" 
		end
		if funcNameOrFunc == "EncodeJSON" or funcNameOrFunc == t.EncodeJSON then
			return "Function EncodeJSON.  " ..
			       "Arguments: (table).  " .. 
			       "Side effect: returns a string composed of argument table in JSON data format" 
		end  
		if funcNameOrFunc == "MakeWedge" or funcNameOrFunc == t.MakeWedge then
			return "Function MakeWedge. " ..
			       "Arguments: (x, y, z, [default material]). " ..
			       "Description: Makes a wedge at location x, y, z. Sets cell x, y, z to default material if "..
			       "parameter is provided, if not sets cell x, y, z to be whatever material it previously was. "..
			       "Returns true if made a wedge, false if the cell remains a block "
		end
		if funcNameOrFunc == "SelectTerrainRegion" or funcNameOrFunc == t.SelectTerrainRegion then
			return "Function SelectTerrainRegion. " ..
			       "Arguments: (regionToSelect, color, selectEmptyCells, selectionParent). " ..
			       "Description: Selects all terrain via a series of selection boxes within the regionToSelect " ..
			       "(this should be a region3 value). The selection box color is detemined by the color argument " ..
			       "(should be a brickcolor value). SelectionParent is the parent that the selection model gets placed to (optional)." ..
			       "SelectEmptyCells is bool, when true will select all cells in the " ..
			       "region, otherwise we only select non-empty cells. Returns a function that can update the selection," ..
			       "arguments to said function are a new region3 to select, and the adornment color (color arg is optional). " ..
			       "Also returns a second function that takes no arguments and destroys the selection"
		end
		if funcNameOrFunc == "CreateSignal" or funcNameOrFunc == t.CreateSignal then
			return "Function CreateSignal. "..
			       "Arguments: None. "..
			       "Returns: The newly created Signal object. This object is identical to the RBXScriptSignal class "..
			       "used for events in Objects, but is a Lua-side object so it can be used to create custom events in"..
			       "Lua code. "..
			       "Methods of the Signal object: :connect, :wait, :fire, :disconnect. "..
			       "For more info you can pass the method name to the Help function, or view the wiki page "..
			       "for this library. EG: Help('Signal:connect')."
		end
		if funcNameOrFunc == "Signal:connect" then
			return "Method Signal:connect. "..
			       "Arguments: (function handler). "..
			       "Return: A connection object which can be used to disconnect the connection to this handler. "..
			       "Description: Connectes a handler function to this Signal, so that when |fire| is called the "..
			       "handler function will be called with the arguments passed to |fire|."
		end
		if funcNameOrFunc == "Signal:wait" then
			return "Method Signal:wait. "..
			       "Arguments: None. "..
			       "Returns: The arguments passed to the next call to |fire|. "..
			       "Description: This call does not return until the next call to |fire| is made, at which point it "..
			       "will return the values which were passed as arguments to that |fire| call."
		end
		if funcNameOrFunc == "Signal:fire" then
			return "Method Signal:fire. "..
			       "Arguments: Any number of arguments of any type. "..
			       "Returns: None. "..
			       "Description: This call will invoke any connected handler functions, and notify any waiting code "..
			       "attached to this Signal to continue, with the arguments passed to this function. Note: The calls "..
			       "to handlers are made asynchronously, so this call will return immediately regardless of how long "..
			       "it takes the connected handler functions to complete."
		end
		if funcNameOrFunc == "Signal:disconnect" then
			return "Method Signal:disconnect. "..
			       "Arguments: None. "..
			       "Returns: None. "..
			       "Description: This call disconnects all handlers attacched to this function, note however, it "..
			       "does NOT make waiting code continue, as is the behavior of normal Roblox events. This method "..
			       "can also be called on the connection object which is returned from Signal:connect to only "..
			       "disconnect a single handler, as opposed to this method, which will disconnect all handlers."
		end
		if funcNameOrFunc == "Create" then
			return "Function Create. "..
			       "Arguments: A table containing information about how to construct a collection of objects. "..
			       "Returns: The constructed objects. "..
			       "Descrition: Create is a very powerfull function, whose description is too long to fit here, and "..
			       "is best described via example, please see the wiki page for a description of how to use it."
		end
	end
	
--------------------------------------------Documentation Ends----------------------------------------------------------

return t