diff --git a/.github/workflows/kernels_data_python_release.yaml b/.github/workflows/kernels_data_python_release.yaml
deleted file mode 100644
index 706a47133..000000000
--- a/.github/workflows/kernels_data_python_release.yaml
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,237 +0,0 @@
-# This file is autogenerated by maturin v1.13.1
-# To update, run
-#
-#    maturin generate-ci github -m kernels-data/bindings/python/Cargo.toml -o .github/workflows/kernels_data_python_release.yaml
-#
-# Post-generation edits:
-#  - manifest paths made relative
-#  - publish step switched from `uv publish` + API token to
-#    `PyO3/maturin-action` + PyPI trusted publishing (see plan.md §3a, §3b)
-#  - pull_request trigger gained `paths-ignore` for docs-only PRs
-#  - concurrency block added (cancel-in-progress only for PRs, never on tag/main)
-#  - free-threaded 3.13t build steps removed: not supported by maturin
-#    anymore.
-name: CI
-
-on:
-  push:
-    branches:
-      - main
-      - master
-    tags:
-      - "*"
-  pull_request:
-    paths-ignore:
-      - "docs/**"
-      - "*.md"
-  workflow_dispatch:
-
-concurrency:
-  group: ${{ github.workflow }}-${{ github.ref }}
-  cancel-in-progress: ${{ github.event_name == 'pull_request' }}
-
-permissions:
-  contents: read
-
-jobs:
-  linux:
-    runs-on: ${{ matrix.platform.runner }}
-    strategy:
-      matrix:
-        platform:
-          - runner: ubuntu-22.04
-            target: x86_64
-          - runner: ubuntu-22.04
-            target: x86
-          - runner: ubuntu-22.04
-            target: aarch64
-          - runner: ubuntu-22.04
-            target: armv7
-          - runner: ubuntu-22.04
-            target: s390x
-          - runner: ubuntu-22.04
-            target: ppc64le
-    steps:
-      - uses: actions/checkout@3d3c42e5aac5ba805825da76410c181273ba90b1 # v7.0.1
-      - uses: actions/setup-python@5fda3b95a4ea91299a34e894583c3862153e4b97 # v7.0.0
-        with:
-          python-version: 3.8
-      - name: Build wheels
-        uses: PyO3/maturin-action@e83996d129638aa358a18fbd1dfb82f0b0fb5d3b # v1.51.0
-        with:
-          target: ${{ matrix.platform.target }}
-          args: --release --out dist --manifest-path kernels-data/bindings/python/Cargo.toml
-          sccache: ${{ !startsWith(github.ref, 'refs/tags/') }}
-          manylinux: auto
-      - name: Build free-threaded wheels (3.14t)
-        uses: PyO3/maturin-action@e83996d129638aa358a18fbd1dfb82f0b0fb5d3b # v1.51.0
-        with:
-          target: ${{ matrix.platform.target }}
-          args: --release --out dist --manifest-path kernels-data/bindings/python/Cargo.toml -i python3.14t
-          sccache: ${{ !startsWith(github.ref, 'refs/tags/') }}
-          manylinux: auto
-      - name: Upload wheels
-        uses: actions/upload-artifact@043fb46d1a93c77aae656e7c1c64a875d1fc6a0a # v7.0.1
-        with:
-          name: wheels-linux-${{ matrix.platform.target }}
-          path: dist
-
-  musllinux:
-    runs-on: ${{ matrix.platform.runner }}
-    strategy:
-      matrix:
-        platform:
-          - runner: ubuntu-22.04
-            target: x86_64
-          - runner: ubuntu-22.04
-            target: x86
-          - runner: ubuntu-22.04
-            target: aarch64
-          - runner: ubuntu-22.04
-            target: armv7
-    steps:
-      - uses: actions/checkout@3d3c42e5aac5ba805825da76410c181273ba90b1 # v7.0.1
-      - uses: actions/setup-python@5fda3b95a4ea91299a34e894583c3862153e4b97 # v7.0.0
-        with:
-          python-version: 3.8
-      - name: Build wheels
-        uses: PyO3/maturin-action@e83996d129638aa358a18fbd1dfb82f0b0fb5d3b # v1.51.0
-        with:
-          target: ${{ matrix.platform.target }}
-          args: --release --out dist --manifest-path kernels-data/bindings/python/Cargo.toml
-          sccache: ${{ !startsWith(github.ref, 'refs/tags/') }}
-          manylinux: musllinux_1_2
-      - name: Build free-threaded wheels (3.14t)
-        uses: PyO3/maturin-action@e83996d129638aa358a18fbd1dfb82f0b0fb5d3b # v1.51.0
-        with:
-          target: ${{ matrix.platform.target }}
-          args: --release --out dist --manifest-path kernels-data/bindings/python/Cargo.toml -i python3.14t
-          sccache: ${{ !startsWith(github.ref, 'refs/tags/') }}
-          manylinux: musllinux_1_2
-      - name: Upload wheels
-        uses: actions/upload-artifact@043fb46d1a93c77aae656e7c1c64a875d1fc6a0a # v7.0.1
-        with:
-          name: wheels-musllinux-${{ matrix.platform.target }}
-          path: dist
-
-  windows:
-    runs-on: ${{ matrix.platform.runner }}
-    strategy:
-      matrix:
-        platform:
-          - runner: windows-latest
-            target: x64
-            python_arch: x64
-          - runner: windows-latest
-            target: x86
-            python_arch: x86
-          - runner: windows-11-arm
-            target: aarch64
-            python_arch: arm64
-    steps:
-      - uses: actions/checkout@3d3c42e5aac5ba805825da76410c181273ba90b1 # v7.0.1
-      - uses: actions/setup-python@5fda3b95a4ea91299a34e894583c3862153e4b97 # v7.0.0
-        with:
-          python-version: 3.13
-          architecture: ${{ matrix.platform.python_arch }}
-      - name: Build wheels
-        uses: PyO3/maturin-action@e83996d129638aa358a18fbd1dfb82f0b0fb5d3b # v1.51.0
-        with:
-          target: ${{ matrix.platform.target }}
-          args: --release --out dist --manifest-path kernels-data/bindings/python/Cargo.toml
-          sccache: ${{ !startsWith(github.ref, 'refs/tags/') }}
-      - uses: actions/setup-python@5fda3b95a4ea91299a34e894583c3862153e4b97 # v7.0.0
-        if: matrix.platform.target != 'aarch64'
-        with:
-          python-version: 3.14t
-          architecture: ${{ matrix.platform.python_arch }}
-      - name: Build free-threaded wheels (3.14t)
-        if: matrix.platform.target != 'aarch64'
-        uses: PyO3/maturin-action@e83996d129638aa358a18fbd1dfb82f0b0fb5d3b # v1.51.0
-        with:
-          target: ${{ matrix.platform.target }}
-          args: --release --out dist --manifest-path kernels-data/bindings/python/Cargo.toml -i python3.14t
-          sccache: ${{ !startsWith(github.ref, 'refs/tags/') }}
-      - name: Upload wheels
-        uses: actions/upload-artifact@043fb46d1a93c77aae656e7c1c64a875d1fc6a0a # v7.0.1
-        with:
-          name: wheels-windows-${{ matrix.platform.target }}
-          path: dist
-
-  macos:
-    runs-on: ${{ matrix.platform.runner }}
-    strategy:
-      matrix:
-        platform:
-          - runner: macos-15-intel
-            target: x86_64
-          - runner: macos-latest
-            target: aarch64
-    steps:
-      - uses: actions/checkout@3d3c42e5aac5ba805825da76410c181273ba90b1 # v7.0.1
-      - uses: actions/setup-python@5fda3b95a4ea91299a34e894583c3862153e4b97 # v7.0.0
-        with:
-          python-version: 3.8
-      - name: Build wheels
-        uses: PyO3/maturin-action@e83996d129638aa358a18fbd1dfb82f0b0fb5d3b # v1.51.0
-        with:
-          target: ${{ matrix.platform.target }}
-          args: --release --out dist --manifest-path kernels-data/bindings/python/Cargo.toml
-          sccache: ${{ !startsWith(github.ref, 'refs/tags/') }}
-      - uses: actions/setup-python@5fda3b95a4ea91299a34e894583c3862153e4b97 # v7.0.0
-        with:
-          python-version: 3.14t
-      - name: Build free-threaded wheels (3.14t)
-        uses: PyO3/maturin-action@e83996d129638aa358a18fbd1dfb82f0b0fb5d3b # v1.51.0
-        with:
-          target: ${{ matrix.platform.target }}
-          args: --release --out dist --manifest-path kernels-data/bindings/python/Cargo.toml -i python3.14t
-          sccache: ${{ !startsWith(github.ref, 'refs/tags/') }}
-      - name: Upload wheels
-        uses: actions/upload-artifact@043fb46d1a93c77aae656e7c1c64a875d1fc6a0a # v7.0.1
-        with:
-          name: wheels-macos-${{ matrix.platform.target }}
-          path: dist
-
-  sdist:
-    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
-    steps:
-      - uses: actions/checkout@3d3c42e5aac5ba805825da76410c181273ba90b1 # v7.0.1
-      - name: Build sdist
-        uses: PyO3/maturin-action@e83996d129638aa358a18fbd1dfb82f0b0fb5d3b # v1.51.0
-        with:
-          command: sdist
-          args: --out dist --manifest-path kernels-data/bindings/python/Cargo.toml
-      - name: Upload sdist
-        uses: actions/upload-artifact@043fb46d1a93c77aae656e7c1c64a875d1fc6a0a # v7.0.1
-        with:
-          name: wheels-sdist
-          path: dist
-
-  release:
-    name: Release
-    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
-    if: ${{ startsWith(github.ref, 'refs/tags/') || github.event_name == 'workflow_dispatch' }}
-    needs: [linux, musllinux, windows, macos, sdist]
-    environment:
-      name: pypi
-      url: https://pypi.org/p/kernels-data
-    permissions:
-      # Use to sign the release artifacts
-      id-token: write
-      # Used to upload release artifacts
-      contents: write
-      # Used to generate artifact attestation
-      attestations: write
-    steps:
-      - uses: actions/download-artifact@3e5f45b2cfb9172054b4087a40e8e0b5a5461e7c # v8.0.1
-      - name: Generate artifact attestation
-        uses: actions/attest-build-provenance@0f67c3f4856b2e3261c31976d6725780e5e4c373 # v4.1.1
-        with:
-          subject-path: "wheels-*/*"
-      - name: Publish to PyPI
-        if: ${{ startsWith(github.ref, 'refs/tags/') }}
-        uses: PyO3/maturin-action@e83996d129638aa358a18fbd1dfb82f0b0fb5d3b # v1.51.0
-        with:
-          command: upload
-          args: --non-interactive --skip-existing wheels-*/*
diff --git a/.github/workflows/publish_kernels.yml b/.github/workflows/publish_kernels.yml
index ddaae9ad7..0c42f7f7f 100644
--- a/.github/workflows/publish_kernels.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/publish_kernels.yml
@@ -1,40 +1,238 @@
+# This file is autogenerated by maturin v1.13.1
+# To update, run
+#
+#    maturin generate-ci github -m kernels/Cargo.toml -o .github/workflows/publish_kernels.yaml
+#
+# Post-generation edits:
+#  - manifest paths made relative
+#  - publish step switched from `uv publish` + API token to
+#    `PyO3/maturin-action` + PyPI trusted publishing (see plan.md §3a, §3b)
+#  - pull_request trigger gained `paths-ignore` for docs-only PRs
+#  - concurrency block added (cancel-in-progress only for PRs, never on tag/main)
+#  - free-threaded 3.13t build steps removed: not supported by maturin
+#    anymore.
+#  - publish-to-testpypi gated on `github.event_name != 'pull_request'`, so
+#    PR runs (same-repo or forked) only build and never publish.
+#  - persist-credentials: false on all build jobs' checkout steps, since they run
+#    on pull_request (including fork PRs) and build untrusted code via
+#    build.rs/proc-macros.
 name: Publish Python 🐍 distribution 📦 to PyPI and TestPyPI
 
-on: push
+on:
+  push:
+    branches:
+      - main
+      - master
+    tags:
+      - "*"
+  pull_request:
+    paths-ignore:
+      - "docs/**"
+      - "*.md"
+  workflow_dispatch:
+
+concurrency:
+  group: ${{ github.workflow }}-${{ github.ref }}
+  cancel-in-progress: ${{ github.event_name == 'pull_request' }}
+
+permissions:
+  contents: read
 
 jobs:
-  build:
-    name: Build distribution 📦
-    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+  linux:
+    runs-on: ${{ matrix.platform.runner }}
+    strategy:
+      matrix:
+        platform:
+          - runner: ubuntu-22.04
+            target: x86_64
+          - runner: ubuntu-22.04
+            target: x86
+          - runner: ubuntu-22.04
+            target: aarch64
+          - runner: ubuntu-22.04
+            target: armv7
+          - runner: ubuntu-22.04
+            target: s390x
+          - runner: ubuntu-22.04
+            target: ppc64le
+    steps:
+      - uses: actions/checkout@3d3c42e5aac5ba805825da76410c181273ba90b1 # v7.0.1
+        with:
+          persist-credentials: false
+      - uses: actions/setup-python@5fda3b95a4ea91299a34e894583c3862153e4b97 # v7.0.0
+        with:
+          python-version: 3.8
+      - name: Build wheels
+        uses: PyO3/maturin-action@e83996d129638aa358a18fbd1dfb82f0b0fb5d3b # v1.51.0
+        with:
+          target: ${{ matrix.platform.target }}
+          args: --release --out dist --manifest-path kernels/Cargo.toml
+          sccache: ${{ !startsWith(github.ref, 'refs/tags/') }}
+          manylinux: auto
+      - name: Build free-threaded wheels (3.14t)
+        uses: PyO3/maturin-action@e83996d129638aa358a18fbd1dfb82f0b0fb5d3b # v1.51.0
+        with:
+          target: ${{ matrix.platform.target }}
+          args: --release --out dist --manifest-path kernels/Cargo.toml -i python3.14t
+          sccache: ${{ !startsWith(github.ref, 'refs/tags/') }}
+          manylinux: auto
+      - name: Upload wheels
+        uses: actions/upload-artifact@043fb46d1a93c77aae656e7c1c64a875d1fc6a0a # v7.0.1
+        with:
+          name: wheels-linux-${{ matrix.platform.target }}
+          path: dist
 
+  musllinux:
+    runs-on: ${{ matrix.platform.runner }}
+    strategy:
+      matrix:
+        platform:
+          - runner: ubuntu-22.04
+            target: x86_64
+          - runner: ubuntu-22.04
+            target: x86
+          - runner: ubuntu-22.04
+            target: aarch64
+          - runner: ubuntu-22.04
+            target: armv7
     steps:
-      - uses: actions/checkout@3d3c42e5aac5ba805825da76410c181273ba90b1  # v7.0.1
+      - uses: actions/checkout@3d3c42e5aac5ba805825da76410c181273ba90b1 # v7.0.1
         with:
           persist-credentials: false
-      - name: Set up Python
-        uses: actions/setup-python@5fda3b95a4ea91299a34e894583c3862153e4b97  # v7.0.0
+      - uses: actions/setup-python@5fda3b95a4ea91299a34e894583c3862153e4b97 # v7.0.0
         with:
-          python-version: "3.9"
-      - name: Install pypa/build
-        run: >-
-          python3 -m
-          pip install
-          build
-          --user
-      - name: Build a binary wheel and a source tarball
-        run: ( cd kernels && python3 -m build )
-      - name: Store the distribution packages
-        uses: actions/upload-artifact@043fb46d1a93c77aae656e7c1c64a875d1fc6a0a  # v7.0.1
-        with:
-          name: python-package-distributions
-          path: kernels/dist/
+          python-version: 3.8
+      - name: Build wheels
+        uses: PyO3/maturin-action@e83996d129638aa358a18fbd1dfb82f0b0fb5d3b # v1.51.0
+        with:
+          target: ${{ matrix.platform.target }}
+          args: --release --out dist --manifest-path kernels/Cargo.toml
+          sccache: ${{ !startsWith(github.ref, 'refs/tags/') }}
+          manylinux: musllinux_1_2
+      - name: Build free-threaded wheels (3.14t)
+        uses: PyO3/maturin-action@e83996d129638aa358a18fbd1dfb82f0b0fb5d3b # v1.51.0
+        with:
+          target: ${{ matrix.platform.target }}
+          args: --release --out dist --manifest-path kernels/Cargo.toml -i python3.14t
+          sccache: ${{ !startsWith(github.ref, 'refs/tags/') }}
+          manylinux: musllinux_1_2
+      - name: Upload wheels
+        uses: actions/upload-artifact@043fb46d1a93c77aae656e7c1c64a875d1fc6a0a # v7.0.1
+        with:
+          name: wheels-musllinux-${{ matrix.platform.target }}
+          path: dist
+
+  windows:
+    runs-on: ${{ matrix.platform.runner }}
+    strategy:
+      matrix:
+        platform:
+          - runner: windows-latest
+            target: x64
+            python_arch: x64
+          - runner: windows-latest
+            target: x86
+            python_arch: x86
+          - runner: windows-11-arm
+            target: aarch64
+            python_arch: arm64
+    steps:
+      - uses: actions/checkout@3d3c42e5aac5ba805825da76410c181273ba90b1 # v7.0.1
+        with:
+          persist-credentials: false
+      - uses: actions/setup-python@5fda3b95a4ea91299a34e894583c3862153e4b97 # v7.0.0
+        with:
+          python-version: 3.13
+          architecture: ${{ matrix.platform.python_arch }}
+      - name: Build wheels
+        uses: PyO3/maturin-action@e83996d129638aa358a18fbd1dfb82f0b0fb5d3b # v1.51.0
+        with:
+          target: ${{ matrix.platform.target }}
+          args: --release --out dist --manifest-path kernels/Cargo.toml
+          sccache: ${{ !startsWith(github.ref, 'refs/tags/') }}
+      - uses: actions/setup-python@5fda3b95a4ea91299a34e894583c3862153e4b97 # v7.0.0
+        if: matrix.platform.target != 'aarch64'
+        with:
+          python-version: 3.14t
+          architecture: ${{ matrix.platform.python_arch }}
+      - name: Build free-threaded wheels (3.14t)
+        if: matrix.platform.target != 'aarch64'
+        uses: PyO3/maturin-action@e83996d129638aa358a18fbd1dfb82f0b0fb5d3b # v1.51.0
+        with:
+          target: ${{ matrix.platform.target }}
+          args: --release --out dist --manifest-path kernels/Cargo.toml -i python3.14t
+          sccache: ${{ !startsWith(github.ref, 'refs/tags/') }}
+      - name: Upload wheels
+        uses: actions/upload-artifact@043fb46d1a93c77aae656e7c1c64a875d1fc6a0a # v7.0.1
+        with:
+          name: wheels-windows-${{ matrix.platform.target }}
+          path: dist
+
+  macos:
+    runs-on: ${{ matrix.platform.runner }}
+    strategy:
+      matrix:
+        platform:
+          - runner: macos-15-intel
+            target: x86_64
+          - runner: macos-latest
+            target: aarch64
+    steps:
+      - uses: actions/checkout@3d3c42e5aac5ba805825da76410c181273ba90b1 # v7.0.1
+        with:
+          persist-credentials: false
+      - uses: actions/setup-python@5fda3b95a4ea91299a34e894583c3862153e4b97 # v7.0.0
+        with:
+          python-version: 3.8
+      - name: Build wheels
+        uses: PyO3/maturin-action@e83996d129638aa358a18fbd1dfb82f0b0fb5d3b # v1.51.0
+        with:
+          target: ${{ matrix.platform.target }}
+          args: --release --out dist --manifest-path kernels/Cargo.toml
+          sccache: ${{ !startsWith(github.ref, 'refs/tags/') }}
+      - uses: actions/setup-python@5fda3b95a4ea91299a34e894583c3862153e4b97 # v7.0.0
+        with:
+          python-version: 3.14t
+      - name: Build free-threaded wheels (3.14t)
+        uses: PyO3/maturin-action@e83996d129638aa358a18fbd1dfb82f0b0fb5d3b # v1.51.0
+        with:
+          target: ${{ matrix.platform.target }}
+          args: --release --out dist --manifest-path kernels/Cargo.toml -i python3.14t
+          sccache: ${{ !startsWith(github.ref, 'refs/tags/') }}
+      - name: Upload wheels
+        uses: actions/upload-artifact@043fb46d1a93c77aae656e7c1c64a875d1fc6a0a # v7.0.1
+        with:
+          name: wheels-macos-${{ matrix.platform.target }}
+          path: dist
+
+  sdist:
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    steps:
+      - uses: actions/checkout@3d3c42e5aac5ba805825da76410c181273ba90b1 # v7.0.1
+        with:
+          persist-credentials: false
+      - name: Build sdist
+        uses: PyO3/maturin-action@e83996d129638aa358a18fbd1dfb82f0b0fb5d3b # v1.51.0
+        with:
+          command: sdist
+          args: --out dist --manifest-path kernels/Cargo.toml
+      - name: Upload sdist
+        uses: actions/upload-artifact@043fb46d1a93c77aae656e7c1c64a875d1fc6a0a # v7.0.1
+        with:
+          name: wheels-sdist
+          path: dist
 
   publish-to-pypi:
     name: >-
       Publish Python 🐍 distribution 📦 to PyPI
     if: startsWith(github.ref, 'refs/tags/') # only publish to PyPI on tag pushes
     needs:
-      - build
+      - linux
+      - musllinux
+      - windows
+      - macos
+      - sdist
     runs-on: ubuntu-latest
     environment:
       name: pypi
@@ -44,12 +242,13 @@ jobs:
 
     steps:
       - name: Download all the dists
-        uses: actions/download-artifact@3e5f45b2cfb9172054b4087a40e8e0b5a5461e7c  # v8.0.1
+        uses: actions/download-artifact@3e5f45b2cfb9172054b4087a40e8e0b5a5461e7c # v8.0.1
         with:
-          name: python-package-distributions
-          path: dist/
+          pattern: wheels-*
+          path: dist
+          merge-multiple: true
       - name: Publish distribution 📦 to PyPI
-        uses: pypa/gh-action-pypi-publish@ba38be9e461d3875417946c167d0b5f3d385a247  # release/v1
+        uses: pypa/gh-action-pypi-publish@ba38be9e461d3875417946c167d0b5f3d385a247 # release/v1
 
   github-release:
     name: >-
@@ -65,12 +264,13 @@ jobs:
 
     steps:
       - name: Download all the dists
-        uses: actions/download-artifact@3e5f45b2cfb9172054b4087a40e8e0b5a5461e7c  # v8.0.1
+        uses: actions/download-artifact@3e5f45b2cfb9172054b4087a40e8e0b5a5461e7c # v8.0.1
         with:
-          name: python-package-distributions
-          path: dist/
+          pattern: wheels-*
+          path: dist
+          merge-multiple: true
       - name: Sign the dists with Sigstore
-        uses: sigstore/gh-action-sigstore-python@5b79a39c381910c090341a2c9b0bf022c8b387e1  # v3.4.0
+        uses: sigstore/gh-action-sigstore-python@5b79a39c381910c090341a2c9b0bf022c8b387e1 # v3.4.0
         with:
           inputs: >-
             ./dist/*.tar.gz
@@ -96,8 +296,13 @@ jobs:
 
   publish-to-testpypi:
     name: Publish Python 🐍 distribution 📦 to TestPyPI
+    if: github.event_name != 'pull_request'
     needs:
-      - build
+      - linux
+      - musllinux
+      - windows
+      - macos
+      - sdist
     runs-on: ubuntu-latest
 
     environment:
@@ -109,12 +314,13 @@ jobs:
 
     steps:
       - name: Download all the dists
-        uses: actions/download-artifact@3e5f45b2cfb9172054b4087a40e8e0b5a5461e7c  # v8.0.1
+        uses: actions/download-artifact@3e5f45b2cfb9172054b4087a40e8e0b5a5461e7c # v8.0.1
         with:
-          name: python-package-distributions
-          path: dist/
+          pattern: wheels-*
+          path: dist
+          merge-multiple: true
       - name: Publish distribution 📦 to TestPyPI
-        uses: pypa/gh-action-pypi-publish@ba38be9e461d3875417946c167d0b5f3d385a247  # release/v1
+        uses: pypa/gh-action-pypi-publish@ba38be9e461d3875417946c167d0b5f3d385a247 # release/v1
         with:
           repository-url: https://test.pypi.org/legacy/
           skip-existing: true # Only upload when the version is unique.
diff --git a/.github/workflows/rust.yaml b/.github/workflows/rust.yaml
index 2fddfdeb7..ba9326fed 100644
--- a/.github/workflows/rust.yaml
+++ b/.github/workflows/rust.yaml
@@ -26,7 +26,7 @@ jobs:
       - name: Cargo fmt (kernels-data)
         run: |
           ( cd kernels-data && cargo fmt --all -- --check )
-          ( cd kernels-data/bindings/python && cargo fmt --all -- --check )
+          ( cd kernels && cargo fmt --all -- --check )
       - name: Cargo fmt (kernel-builder)
         run: ( cd kernel-builder && cargo fmt --all -- --check )
 
@@ -53,7 +53,7 @@ jobs:
       - name: Clippy (kernels-data)
         run: |
           ( cd kernels-data && cargo clippy -- -D warnings )
-          ( cd kernels-data/bindings/python && cargo clippy -- -D warnings )
+          ( cd kernels && cargo clippy -- -D warnings )
       - name: Clippy (kernel-builder)
         run: ( cd kernel-builder && cargo clippy -- -D warnings )
 
diff --git a/.github/workflows/test_e2e.yaml b/.github/workflows/test_e2e.yaml
index 3bd307591..b7f61aed1 100644
--- a/.github/workflows/test_e2e.yaml
+++ b/.github/workflows/test_e2e.yaml
@@ -8,6 +8,7 @@ on:
     paths:
       - "kernel-builder/**"
       - "kernels/src/**"
+      - "kernels/rust/**"
       - "nix-builder/**"
       - "kernels-data/**"
       - ".github/workflows/test_e2e.yaml"
@@ -123,6 +124,9 @@ jobs:
         with:
           python-version: "3.12"
 
+      - name: Install Rust toolchain
+        uses: dtolnay/rust-toolchain@e081816240890017053eacbb1bdf337761dc5582 # 1.95.0
+
       - name: Install Python deps
         working-directory: ./kernels
         run: |
@@ -130,8 +134,6 @@ jobs:
           CUDA_TAG=$(echo "$VARIANT" | grep -oP 'cu\d+')
           echo "Installing torch matching variant $VARIANT (CUDA tag: $CUDA_TAG)"
           uv sync --all-extras --dev
-          # E2E validates this checkout, so use the local kernels-data binding instead of the released wheel from uv.lock.
-          uv pip install --reinstall ../kernels-data/bindings/python
           uv pip install --upgrade torch --index-url https://download.pytorch.org/whl/$CUDA_TAG
           uv run --no-sync python -c "import torch; print(f'torch={torch.__version__}, cuda={torch.version.cuda}, cxx11_abi={torch.compiled_with_cxx11_abi()}')"
 
diff --git a/.github/workflows/test_kernels.yaml b/.github/workflows/test_kernels.yaml
index e63b014e1..cdc71bd98 100644
--- a/.github/workflows/test_kernels.yaml
+++ b/.github/workflows/test_kernels.yaml
@@ -44,9 +44,8 @@ jobs:
         with:
           python-version: ${{ matrix.python-version }}
 
-      - name: Override kernels-data source to local bindings
-        working-directory: ./kernels
-        run: uv add ../kernels-data/bindings/python --no-sync
+      - name: Install Rust toolchain
+        uses: dtolnay/rust-toolchain@e081816240890017053eacbb1bdf337761dc5582 # 1.95.0
 
       - name: Override the Torch version
         working-directory: ./kernels
@@ -64,6 +63,10 @@ jobs:
         working-directory: ./kernels
         run: uv run mypy src/kernels
 
+      - name: Check type stubs match runtime
+        working-directory: ./kernels
+        run: uv run python -m mypy.stubtest kernels._data
+
       - name: Run tests
         working-directory: ./kernels
         env:
diff --git a/.github/workflows/test_python.yaml b/.github/workflows/test_python.yaml
deleted file mode 100644
index 103caf430..000000000
--- a/.github/workflows/test_python.yaml
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,45 +0,0 @@
-name: Test Python bindings
-
-on:
-  push:
-    branches: [main]
-  pull_request:
-    branches: [main]
-    types: [opened, synchronize, reopened] # trigger on PRs
-    paths-ignore:
-      - "docs/**"
-      - "*.md"
-  workflow_dispatch:
-
-concurrency:
-  group: ${{ github.workflow }}-${{ github.event.pull_request.number || github.ref }}
-  cancel-in-progress: true
-
-jobs:
-  kernels-data:
-    name: kernels-data bindings
-    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
-    strategy:
-      matrix:
-        python-version: ["3.12"]
-
-    env:
-      UV_PYTHON_PREFERENCE: only-managed
-
-    steps:
-      - name: Checkout code
-        uses: actions/checkout@3d3c42e5aac5ba805825da76410c181273ba90b1 # v7.0.1
-
-      - name: Install uv and set the python version
-        uses: astral-sh/setup-uv@c771a70e6277c0a99b617c7a806ffedaca235ff9 # v9.0.0
-        with:
-          python-version: ${{ matrix.python-version }}
-
-      - name: Install the project
-        run: ( cd kernels-data/bindings/python && uv sync --all-extras --dev)
-
-      - name: Run tests
-        run: ( cd kernels-data/bindings/python && uv run pytest tests )
-
-      - name: Check type stubs match runtime
-        run: ( cd kernels-data/bindings/python && uv run python -m mypy.stubtest kernels_data --allowlist stubtest-allowlist.txt )
diff --git a/Cargo.lock b/Cargo.lock
index aa2188816..487875ebb 100644
--- a/Cargo.lock
+++ b/Cargo.lock
@@ -1056,7 +1056,7 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "hf-kernel-builder"
-version = "0.17.0-dev0"
+version = "0.17.0-dev1"
 dependencies = [
  "base32",
  "built",
@@ -1537,7 +1537,7 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "kernel-abi-check"
-version = "0.17.0-dev0"
+version = "0.17.0-dev1"
 dependencies = [
  "cpp_demangle",
  "eyre",
@@ -1551,7 +1551,7 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "kernels-data"
-version = "0.17.0-dev0"
+version = "0.17.0-dev1"
 dependencies = [
  "base64",
  "digest",
@@ -1571,8 +1571,8 @@ dependencies = [
 ]
 
 [[package]]
-name = "kernels-data-python"
-version = "0.17.0-dev0"
+name = "kernels-python"
+version = "0.17.0-dev1"
 dependencies = [
  "kernels-data",
  "pyo3",
diff --git a/Cargo.toml b/Cargo.toml
index 3a1f79264..780fd294e 100644
--- a/Cargo.toml
+++ b/Cargo.toml
@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@
 members = [
     "kernel-abi-check",
     "kernel-builder",
+    "kernels",
     "kernels-data",
-    "kernels-data/bindings/python",
 ]
 resolver = "2"
diff --git a/Makefile b/Makefile
index b19055d87..0c5f4bb86 100644
--- a/Makefile
+++ b/Makefile
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 .PHONY: style kernel-builder-cli-docs quality bump-dev bump-dev-dry-run bump-dev-major bump-dev-major-dry-run bump-release bump-release-dry-run bump-major bump-major-dry-run pin-actions
 
 
-export check_dirs := kernels/src kernels/tests kernels-data/bindings/python
+export check_dirs := kernels/src kernels/tests
 
 all: kernels/src/kernels/python_depends.json
 
diff --git a/flake.nix b/flake.nix
index b42ce72e7..37ea433d7 100644
--- a/flake.nix
+++ b/flake.nix
@@ -177,8 +177,8 @@
               huggingface-hub
               jax
               jax-tvm-ffi
-              kernels-data
               matplotlib
+              maturin
               mktestdocs
               openssl.dev
               pytest
@@ -201,7 +201,7 @@
 
             postVenvCreation = ''
               unset SOURCE_DATE_EPOCH
-              ( python -m pip install --no-build-isolation --no-dependencies -e kernels )
+              ( cd kernels && maturin develop )
               pre-commit install
             '';
 
diff --git a/kernel-abi-check/Cargo.toml b/kernel-abi-check/Cargo.toml
index dd20c75ea..6cc8a80ad 100644
--- a/kernel-abi-check/Cargo.toml
+++ b/kernel-abi-check/Cargo.toml
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 [package]
 name = "kernel-abi-check"
-version = "0.17.0-dev0"
+version = "0.17.0-dev1"
 edition = "2021"
 description = "Check the ABI of Hub Kernels"
 homepage = "https://github.com/huggingface/kernel-builder"
diff --git a/kernel-builder/Cargo.toml b/kernel-builder/Cargo.toml
index ada512ff2..7b354047e 100644
--- a/kernel-builder/Cargo.toml
+++ b/kernel-builder/Cargo.toml
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 [package]
 name = "hf-kernel-builder"
-version = "0.17.0-dev0"
+version = "0.17.0-dev1"
 edition = "2021"
 description = "Build Hugging Face Hub kernels"
 homepage = "https://github.com/huggingface/kernels"
@@ -10,8 +10,8 @@ repository = "https://github.com/huggingface/kernels"
 
 [dependencies]
 base32 = "0.5"
-kernel-abi-check = { path = "../kernel-abi-check", version = "0.17.0-dev0" }
-kernels-data = { path = "../kernels-data", version = "0.17.0-dev0" }
+kernel-abi-check = { path = "../kernel-abi-check", version = "0.17.0-dev1" }
+kernels-data = { path = "../kernels-data", version = "0.17.0-dev1" }
 object = "0.36.7"
 clap = { version = "4", features = ["derive"] }
 clap-markdown = "0.1.5"
diff --git a/kernels-data/Cargo.toml b/kernels-data/Cargo.toml
index 0205c5b89..51d5aacba 100644
--- a/kernels-data/Cargo.toml
+++ b/kernels-data/Cargo.toml
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 [package]
 name = "kernels-data"
-version = "0.17.0-dev0"
+version = "0.17.0-dev1"
 edition = "2024"
 description = "Kernels data structures"
 homepage = "https://github.com/huggingface/kernels"
diff --git a/kernels-data/bindings/python/MANIFEST.in b/kernels-data/bindings/python/MANIFEST.in
deleted file mode 100644
index 5444e43d7..000000000
--- a/kernels-data/bindings/python/MANIFEST.in
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,4 +0,0 @@
-include Cargo.toml
-include pyproject.toml
-include ../../../LICENSE
-recursive-include src *
diff --git a/kernels-data/bindings/python/pyproject.toml b/kernels-data/bindings/python/pyproject.toml
deleted file mode 100644
index 6d16671f7..000000000
--- a/kernels-data/bindings/python/pyproject.toml
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,27 +0,0 @@
-[project]
-name = "kernels-data"
-requires-python = '>=3.8'
-classifiers = [
-    "Programming Language :: Rust",
-    "Programming Language :: Python :: Implementation :: CPython",
-]
-dynamic = [
-  'description',
-  'readme',
-  'version',
-]
-
-[build-system]
-requires = ["maturin>=1,<2"]
-build-backend = "maturin"
-
-[dependency-groups]
-dev = [
-  "pytest>=8",
-  "mypy>=1.11",
-]
-
-[tool.maturin]
-module-name = "kernels_data"
-bindings = 'pyo3'
-features = ["pyo3/extension-module"]
diff --git a/kernels-data/bindings/python/stubtest-allowlist.txt b/kernels-data/bindings/python/stubtest-allowlist.txt
deleted file mode 100644
index 0bd36ed3a..000000000
--- a/kernels-data/bindings/python/stubtest-allowlist.txt
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,14 +0,0 @@
-# The `.so` submodule `kernels_data.kernels_data` is a pyo3/maturin
-# implementation detail; end users import from the `kernels_data` package.
-kernels_data\.kernels_data
-
-# pyo3 complex enums compile to a Rust-backed (disjoint) base class. The
-# `@disjoint_base` marker only lives in `typing_extensions`, which this
-# dependency-free extension package does not pull in, so the stub omits it.
-kernels_data\.DigestViolation
-kernels_data\.KernelVersion
-
-# `DigestValidationError.violations` is attached as a per-instance attribute by
-# the `Digest.validate` binding (via `setattr`), so it is not visible on the
-# class object that stubtest inspects, even though instances always have it.
-kernels_data\.DigestValidationError\.violations
diff --git a/kernels-data/bindings/python/Cargo.toml b/kernels/Cargo.toml
similarity index 73%
rename from kernels-data/bindings/python/Cargo.toml
rename to kernels/Cargo.toml
index 9bb2feae2..6f8bcf8de 100644
--- a/kernels-data/bindings/python/Cargo.toml
+++ b/kernels/Cargo.toml
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 [package]
-name = "kernels-data-python"
-version = "0.17.0-dev0"
+name = "kernels-python"
+version = "0.17.0-dev1"
 edition = "2024"
 description = "Kernels data structures (Python bindings)"
 homepage = "https://github.com/huggingface/kernels"
@@ -8,7 +8,8 @@ license = "Apache-2.0"
 repository = "https://github.com/huggingface/kernels"
 
 [lib]
-name = "kernels_data"
+name = "_data"
+path = "rust/lib.rs"
 crate-type = ["cdylib"]
 
 [dependencies]
@@ -16,5 +17,5 @@ pyo3 = { version = "0.26", features = ["abi3", "abi3-py38"] }
 serde_json = "1"
 
 [dependencies.kernels-data]
-path = "../.."
-version = "0.17.0-dev0"
+path = "../kernels-data"
+version = "0.17.0-dev1"
diff --git a/kernels/pyproject.toml b/kernels/pyproject.toml
index a31b5d938..617698bf6 100644
--- a/kernels/pyproject.toml
+++ b/kernels/pyproject.toml
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 [project]
 name = "kernels"
-version = "0.17.0.dev0"
+version = "0.17.0.dev1"
 description = "Download compute kernels"
 authors = [
   { name = "Daniel de Kok", email = "daniel@huggingface.co" },
@@ -11,7 +11,6 @@ readme = "README.md"
 requires-python = ">= 3.10"
 dependencies = [
   "huggingface-hub>=1.10.0",
-  "kernels-data>=0.14.0.dev1",
   "packaging>=20.0",
   "pyyaml>=6",
   "sigstore>=4,<5",
@@ -21,8 +20,8 @@ dependencies = [
 ]
 
 [build-system]
-requires = ["setuptools"]
-build-backend = "setuptools.build_meta"
+requires = ["maturin>=1,<2"]
+build-backend = "maturin"
 
 [dependency-groups]
 dev = [
@@ -66,8 +65,11 @@ kernels = "kernels.cli:main"
 [project.entry-points."egg_info.writers"]
 "kernels.lock" = "kernels.lockfile:write_egg_lockfile"
 
-[tool.setuptools.package-data]
-kernels = ["python_depends.json"]
+[tool.maturin]
+module-name = "kernels._data"
+python-source = "src"
+bindings = 'pyo3'
+features = ["pyo3/extension-module"]
 
 [tool.ruff]
 # If the version is changed, apply the change in the Nix overlay
diff --git a/kernels-data/bindings/python/src/config.rs b/kernels/rust/config.rs
similarity index 100%
rename from kernels-data/bindings/python/src/config.rs
rename to kernels/rust/config.rs
diff --git a/kernels-data/bindings/python/src/lib.rs b/kernels/rust/lib.rs
similarity index 99%
rename from kernels-data/bindings/python/src/lib.rs
rename to kernels/rust/lib.rs
index 315c71332..821cd247d 100644
--- a/kernels-data/bindings/python/src/lib.rs
+++ b/kernels/rust/lib.rs
@@ -658,7 +658,7 @@ impl PyDigestViolation {
 }
 
 pyo3::create_exception!(
-    kernels_data,
+    _data,
     DigestValidationError,
     PyException,
     "Raised by `Digest.validate` when the actual digest does not match the \
@@ -750,8 +750,8 @@ impl PyDigest {
     }
 }
 
-#[pyo3::pymodule(name = "kernels_data")]
-fn kernels_data_py(m: &PyBound<'_, PyModule>) -> PyResult<()> {
+#[pyo3::pymodule(name = "_data")]
+fn data_py(m: &PyBound<'_, PyModule>) -> PyResult<()> {
     m.add_class::<PyBackend>()?;
     m.add_class::<PyBackendInfo>()?;
     m.add_class::<PyProvenance>()?;
diff --git a/kernels-data/bindings/python/src/lock.rs b/kernels/rust/lock.rs
similarity index 100%
rename from kernels-data/bindings/python/src/lock.rs
rename to kernels/rust/lock.rs
diff --git a/kernels-data/bindings/python/src/version.rs b/kernels/rust/version.rs
similarity index 100%
rename from kernels-data/bindings/python/src/version.rs
rename to kernels/rust/version.rs
diff --git a/kernels/src/kernels/__init__.py b/kernels/src/kernels/__init__.py
index cc6c31123..f05706411 100644
--- a/kernels/src/kernels/__init__.py
+++ b/kernels/src/kernels/__init__.py
@@ -2,8 +2,7 @@
 
 __version__ = importlib.metadata.version("kernels")
 
-from kernels_data import Metadata
-
+from kernels._data import Metadata
 from kernels._windows import _add_additional_dll_paths
 from kernels.benchmark import Benchmark
 from kernels.deps import get_kernel_dep
diff --git a/kernels-data/bindings/python/kernels_data.pyi b/kernels/src/kernels/_data.pyi
similarity index 95%
rename from kernels-data/bindings/python/kernels_data.pyi
rename to kernels/src/kernels/_data.pyi
index 6acab2dfa..3c5263a34 100644
--- a/kernels-data/bindings/python/kernels_data.pyi
+++ b/kernels/src/kernels/_data.pyi
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-"""Type stubs for kernels_data module."""
+"""Type stubs for the `kernels._data` module."""
 
 import os
 from collections.abc import Iterator
@@ -193,9 +193,7 @@ class Digest:
     """Source digest for a kernel build variant."""
 
     @staticmethod
-    def hash_variant(
-        algorithm: DigestAlgorithm, variant_path: os.PathLike[str] | str
-    ) -> "Digest":
+    def hash_variant(algorithm: DigestAlgorithm, variant_path: os.PathLike[str] | str) -> "Digest":
         """Hash the files in `variant_path` using `algorithm`.
 
         Args:
@@ -262,9 +260,7 @@ class DigestViolation:
         expected: str
         got: str
         __match_args__ = ("path", "expected", "got")
-        def __new__(
-            cls, path: str, expected: str, got: str
-        ) -> "DigestViolation.HashMismatch": ...
+        def __new__(cls, path: str, expected: str, got: str) -> "DigestViolation.HashMismatch": ...
 
     @final
     class AlgorithmMismatch(DigestViolation):
@@ -277,9 +273,7 @@ class DigestViolation:
         expected: DigestAlgorithm
         got: DigestAlgorithm
         __match_args__ = ("expected", "got")
-        def __new__(
-            cls, expected: DigestAlgorithm, got: DigestAlgorithm
-        ) -> "DigestViolation.AlgorithmMismatch": ...
+        def __new__(cls, expected: DigestAlgorithm, got: DigestAlgorithm) -> "DigestViolation.AlgorithmMismatch": ...
 
     def __str__(self) -> str: ...
 
@@ -390,9 +384,7 @@ class KernelLocks:
 
     def __contains__(self, dependency: object, /) -> bool: ...
     def __iter__(self) -> Iterator[KernelDependency]: ...
-    def get(
-        self, dependency: KernelDependency, default: Optional[KernelLock] = None
-    ) -> Optional[KernelLock]:
+    def get(self, dependency: KernelDependency, default: Optional[KernelLock] = None) -> Optional[KernelLock]:
         """Get the lock for `dependency`, or `default` if it is not locked."""
         ...
 
@@ -482,9 +474,7 @@ class NixKernelLocks:
     Behaves as a read-only mapping from `KernelDependency` to `NixKernelLock`.
     """
 
-    def __new__(
-        cls, locks: dict[KernelDependency, NixKernelLock]
-    ) -> "NixKernelLocks": ...
+    def __new__(cls, locks: dict[KernelDependency, NixKernelLock]) -> "NixKernelLocks": ...
     def __len__(self) -> int: ...
     def __getitem__(self, dependency: KernelDependency, /) -> NixKernelLock:
         """Get the lock for `dependency`.
@@ -496,9 +486,7 @@ class NixKernelLocks:
 
     def __contains__(self, dependency: object, /) -> bool: ...
     def __iter__(self) -> Iterator[KernelDependency]: ...
-    def get(
-        self, dependency: KernelDependency, default: Optional[NixKernelLock] = None
-    ) -> Optional[NixKernelLock]:
+    def get(self, dependency: KernelDependency, default: Optional[NixKernelLock] = None) -> Optional[NixKernelLock]:
         """Get the lock for `dependency`, or `default` if it is not locked."""
         ...
 
@@ -542,9 +530,7 @@ class KernelPaths:
     Behaves as a read-only mapping from `KernelDependency` to `pathlib.Path`.
     """
 
-    def __new__(
-        cls, paths: dict[KernelDependency, os.PathLike[str] | str]
-    ) -> "KernelPaths": ...
+    def __new__(cls, paths: dict[KernelDependency, os.PathLike[str] | str]) -> "KernelPaths": ...
     def __len__(self) -> int: ...
     def __getitem__(self, dependency: KernelDependency, /) -> Path:
         """Get the path for `dependency`.
diff --git a/kernels/src/kernels/_versions.py b/kernels/src/kernels/_versions.py
index 9b12c5a57..67333b276 100644
--- a/kernels/src/kernels/_versions.py
+++ b/kernels/src/kernels/_versions.py
@@ -5,7 +5,8 @@
 from huggingface_hub import constants
 from huggingface_hub.file_download import repo_folder_name
 from huggingface_hub.hf_api import GitRefInfo
-from kernels_data import KernelDependency, KernelVersion
+
+from kernels._data import KernelDependency, KernelVersion
 
 logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)
 
diff --git a/kernels/src/kernels/archs.py b/kernels/src/kernels/archs.py
index a9346f588..30d5a2ce1 100644
--- a/kernels/src/kernels/archs.py
+++ b/kernels/src/kernels/archs.py
@@ -1,5 +1,4 @@
-from kernels_data import Backend, Metadata
-
+from kernels._data import Backend, Metadata
 from kernels.compat import has_torch
 
 
diff --git a/kernels/src/kernels/cli/download.py b/kernels/src/kernels/cli/download.py
index 7860a6eee..7dcde2acc 100644
--- a/kernels/src/kernels/cli/download.py
+++ b/kernels/src/kernels/cli/download.py
@@ -1,7 +1,6 @@
 import sys
 
-from kernels_data import KernelLocks
-
+from kernels._data import KernelLocks
 from kernels.hf_hub import CACHE_DIR, _get_hf_api
 from kernels.resolver import _BYTECODE_IGNORE_PATTERNS, resolve_hub_kernel
 
diff --git a/kernels/src/kernels/cli/info.py b/kernels/src/kernels/cli/info.py
index cfa020025..f5c3b177a 100644
--- a/kernels/src/kernels/cli/info.py
+++ b/kernels/src/kernels/cli/info.py
@@ -4,8 +4,8 @@
 from typing import Any
 
 from huggingface_hub import constants
-from kernels_data import Metadata
 
+from kernels._data import Metadata
 from kernels._versions import _get_available_versions, resolve_version_spec_as_ref
 from kernels.hf_hub import CACHE_DIR, _get_hf_api
 from kernels.variants import (
diff --git a/kernels/src/kernels/cli/lock.py b/kernels/src/kernels/cli/lock.py
index f7b19ff3e..9f456d34b 100644
--- a/kernels/src/kernels/cli/lock.py
+++ b/kernels/src/kernels/cli/lock.py
@@ -1,5 +1,4 @@
-from kernels_data import KernelDependency, KernelVersion
-
+from kernels._data import KernelDependency, KernelVersion
 from kernels.compat import tomllib
 from kernels.hf_hub import _get_hf_api
 from kernels.locking import extract_dependency_locks
diff --git a/kernels/src/kernels/deps.py b/kernels/src/kernels/deps.py
index 5fd480638..7b26df83f 100644
--- a/kernels/src/kernels/deps.py
+++ b/kernels/src/kernels/deps.py
@@ -4,8 +4,8 @@
 from typing import TYPE_CHECKING, Generic, TypeVar
 
 from huggingface_hub.hf_api import HfApi
-from kernels_data import KernelDependency, KernelVersion
 
+from kernels._data import KernelDependency, KernelVersion
 from kernels.hf_hub import RepoInfo
 from kernels.importer import _import_from_path
 from kernels.resolver import (
diff --git a/kernels/src/kernels/importer.py b/kernels/src/kernels/importer.py
index ccafea8ae..802607415 100644
--- a/kernels/src/kernels/importer.py
+++ b/kernels/src/kernels/importer.py
@@ -4,8 +4,7 @@
 from pathlib import Path
 from types import ModuleType
 
-from kernels_data import Metadata
-
+from kernels._data import Metadata
 from kernels.hf_hub import RepoInfo
 
 
diff --git a/kernels/src/kernels/install.py b/kernels/src/kernels/install.py
index 3db327ea8..88fd8dfcf 100644
--- a/kernels/src/kernels/install.py
+++ b/kernels/src/kernels/install.py
@@ -1,7 +1,6 @@
 from pathlib import Path
 
-from kernels_data import KernelDependency
-
+from kernels._data import KernelDependency
 from kernels._versions import revision_or_version
 from kernels.deps import resolve_kernel_tree
 from kernels.hf_hub import CACHE_DIR, _get_hf_api
diff --git a/kernels/src/kernels/layer/func.py b/kernels/src/kernels/layer/func.py
index 77040ee28..c8471cae0 100644
--- a/kernels/src/kernels/layer/func.py
+++ b/kernels/src/kernels/layer/func.py
@@ -5,8 +5,8 @@
 from typing import TYPE_CHECKING, Protocol, Type
 
 from huggingface_hub import constants
-from kernels_data import KernelDependency, KernelLocks
 
+from kernels._data import KernelDependency, KernelLocks
 from kernels.resolver import LockedHubCacheResolver, LockedHubResolver
 
 from .._versions import select_revision_or_version
diff --git a/kernels/src/kernels/layer/layer.py b/kernels/src/kernels/layer/layer.py
index 10a4409c7..2f008a50b 100644
--- a/kernels/src/kernels/layer/layer.py
+++ b/kernels/src/kernels/layer/layer.py
@@ -9,8 +9,8 @@
 from typing import TYPE_CHECKING, Callable, Protocol, Type
 
 from huggingface_hub import constants
-from kernels_data import KernelDependency, KernelLocks
 
+from kernels._data import KernelDependency, KernelLocks
 from kernels.resolver import LockedHubCacheResolver, LockedHubResolver
 
 from .._versions import select_revision_or_version
diff --git a/kernels/src/kernels/load.py b/kernels/src/kernels/load.py
index 93354fe83..d96b986a1 100644
--- a/kernels/src/kernels/load.py
+++ b/kernels/src/kernels/load.py
@@ -4,8 +4,8 @@
 from types import ModuleType
 
 from huggingface_hub import HfApi, constants
-from kernels_data import KernelDependency, KernelVersion
 
+from kernels._data import KernelDependency, KernelVersion
 from kernels._versions import revision_or_version
 from kernels.deps import resolve_kernel_tree
 from kernels.hf_hub import _get_hf_api
diff --git a/kernels/src/kernels/locking.py b/kernels/src/kernels/locking.py
index 0a393c5b9..e821fb992 100644
--- a/kernels/src/kernels/locking.py
+++ b/kernels/src/kernels/locking.py
@@ -5,13 +5,13 @@
 from types import ModuleType
 
 from huggingface_hub.hf_api import HfApi
-from kernels_data import (
+
+from kernels._data import (
     KernelDependency,
     KernelLock,
     KernelLocks,
     Metadata,
 )
-
 from kernels._versions import resolve_kernel_version
 from kernels.compat import tomllib
 from kernels.hf_hub import CACHE_DIR, _check_trust_remote_code
diff --git a/kernels/src/kernels/python_deps.py b/kernels/src/kernels/python_deps.py
index 4723f418d..182830cb8 100644
--- a/kernels/src/kernels/python_deps.py
+++ b/kernels/src/kernels/python_deps.py
@@ -4,8 +4,8 @@
 from pathlib import Path
 
 from huggingface_hub.dataclasses import strict
-from kernels_data import Metadata
 
+from kernels._data import Metadata
 from kernels.backends import Backend, _backend
 
 
diff --git a/kernels/src/kernels/resolver.py b/kernels/src/kernels/resolver.py
index 8221f79cd..0c9e6f24d 100644
--- a/kernels/src/kernels/resolver.py
+++ b/kernels/src/kernels/resolver.py
@@ -4,8 +4,8 @@
 
 from huggingface_hub.errors import LocalEntryNotFoundError
 from huggingface_hub.hf_api import HfApi
-from kernels_data import KernelDependency, KernelLocks, KernelPaths, Metadata
 
+from kernels._data import KernelDependency, KernelLocks, KernelPaths, Metadata
 from kernels._versions import _get_available_versions, resolve_kernel_version
 from kernels.hf_hub import CACHE_DIR, _check_trust_remote_code
 from kernels.variants import (
diff --git a/kernels/src/kernels/validate.py b/kernels/src/kernels/validate.py
index 02306e088..4fa453dbe 100644
--- a/kernels/src/kernels/validate.py
+++ b/kernels/src/kernels/validate.py
@@ -2,9 +2,9 @@
 from dataclasses import dataclass
 from typing import Protocol
 
-from kernels_data import Metadata, Version
 from packaging.version import InvalidVersion, parse
 
+from kernels._data import Metadata, Version
 from kernels.archs import _check_arch_incompatibility
 from kernels.backends import _backend
 from kernels.python_deps import validate_dependencies
diff --git a/kernels/src/kernels/verify.py b/kernels/src/kernels/verify.py
index 54ebd7ade..12ed5b211 100644
--- a/kernels/src/kernels/verify.py
+++ b/kernels/src/kernels/verify.py
@@ -3,12 +3,13 @@
 from typing import TypeAlias, final
 
 from cryptography.x509 import Certificate
-from kernels_data import Digest, DigestValidationError, DigestViolation, Metadata
 from sigstore.errors import VerificationError
 from sigstore.models import Bundle, InvalidBundle
 from sigstore.verify import Verifier, policy
 from sigstore.verify.policy import VerificationPolicy
 
+from kernels._data import Digest, DigestValidationError, DigestViolation, Metadata
+
 
 class GitHubWorkflowPolicy(VerificationPolicy):
     """
diff --git a/kernels/tests/conftest.py b/kernels/tests/conftest.py
index 36807676d..f72023de7 100644
--- a/kernels/tests/conftest.py
+++ b/kernels/tests/conftest.py
@@ -3,8 +3,8 @@
 import sys
 
 import pytest
-from kernels_data import Metadata
 
+from kernels._data import Metadata
 from kernels.backends import _get_torch_privateuse_backend_name
 
 try:
diff --git a/kernels/tests/test_archs.py b/kernels/tests/test_archs.py
index 2c7cde65f..7580d8a0b 100644
--- a/kernels/tests/test_archs.py
+++ b/kernels/tests/test_archs.py
@@ -1,8 +1,8 @@
 import pytest
 import torch
-from kernels_data import Metadata
 
 from kernels import get_kernel, has_kernel, install_kernel
+from kernels._data import Metadata
 from kernels.archs import _supports_cuda_capability
 
 
diff --git a/kernels-data/bindings/python/tests/test_config.py b/kernels/tests/test_data_config.py
similarity index 76%
rename from kernels-data/bindings/python/tests/test_config.py
rename to kernels/tests/test_data_config.py
index 5d072557f..e8701e1f6 100644
--- a/kernels-data/bindings/python/tests/test_config.py
+++ b/kernels/tests/test_data_config.py
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import pytest
 
-from kernels_data import Backend, Build, KernelDependency, KernelVersion
+from kernels._data import Backend, Build, KernelDependency, KernelVersion
 
 
 def _write_build_toml(path, backends):
@@ -42,17 +42,11 @@ def test_build_all_kernel_depends(tmp_path):
 
     build = Build.open(tmp_path)
     assert build.all_kernel_depends(Backend.CUDA) == [
-        KernelDependency(
-            repo_id="kernels-community/activation", version=KernelVersion.Version(1)
-        ),
-        KernelDependency(
-            repo_id="kernels-community/cuda-helper", version=KernelVersion.Version(2)
-        ),
+        KernelDependency(repo_id="kernels-community/activation", version=KernelVersion.Version(1)),
+        KernelDependency(repo_id="kernels-community/cuda-helper", version=KernelVersion.Version(2)),
     ]
     assert build.all_kernel_depends(Backend.CPU) == [
-        KernelDependency(
-            repo_id="kernels-community/activation", version=KernelVersion.Version(1)
-        )
+        KernelDependency(repo_id="kernels-community/activation", version=KernelVersion.Version(1))
     ]
 
 
diff --git a/kernels-data/bindings/python/tests/test_digest.py b/kernels/tests/test_data_digest.py
similarity index 96%
rename from kernels-data/bindings/python/tests/test_digest.py
rename to kernels/tests/test_data_digest.py
index e3a2a7de6..b5991ae6d 100644
--- a/kernels-data/bindings/python/tests/test_digest.py
+++ b/kernels/tests/test_data_digest.py
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import pytest
 
-from kernels_data import Digest, DigestAlgorithm, DigestValidationError, DigestViolation
+from kernels._data import Digest, DigestAlgorithm, DigestValidationError, DigestViolation
 
 
 def test_hash_variant_hashes_file_with_sha256(tmp_path):
@@ -9,9 +9,7 @@ def test_hash_variant_hashes_file_with_sha256(tmp_path):
     digest = Digest.hash_variant(DigestAlgorithm.SHA256, tmp_path)
 
     assert len(digest.files) == 1
-    assert (
-        digest.files["_extension.so"] == "uU0nuZNNPgilLlLX2n2r+sSE7+N6U4DukIj3rOLvzek="
-    )
+    assert digest.files["_extension.so"] == "uU0nuZNNPgilLlLX2n2r+sSE7+N6U4DukIj3rOLvzek="
 
 
 def test_hash_variant_hashes_file_with_sha512(tmp_path):
diff --git a/kernels-data/bindings/python/tests/test_kernel_lock.py b/kernels/tests/test_data_kernel_lock.py
similarity index 99%
rename from kernels-data/bindings/python/tests/test_kernel_lock.py
rename to kernels/tests/test_data_kernel_lock.py
index 0a60b53e3..3989d47c6 100644
--- a/kernels-data/bindings/python/tests/test_kernel_lock.py
+++ b/kernels/tests/test_data_kernel_lock.py
@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@
 
 import pytest
 
-from kernels_data import (
+from kernels._data import (
     KernelDependency,
     KernelLock,
     KernelLocks,
diff --git a/kernels-data/bindings/python/tests/test_kernels_data.py b/kernels/tests/test_data_metadata.py
similarity index 98%
rename from kernels-data/bindings/python/tests/test_kernels_data.py
rename to kernels/tests/test_data_metadata.py
index b80d9f182..0d7916f75 100644
--- a/kernels-data/bindings/python/tests/test_kernels_data.py
+++ b/kernels/tests/test_data_metadata.py
@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@
 
 import pytest
 
-from kernels_data import (
+from kernels._data import (
     Backend,
     KernelDependency,
     KernelName,
@@ -196,9 +196,7 @@ def test_kernel_version_eq_and_hash():
     assert KernelVersion.Version(1) != KernelVersion.Revision("1")
     assert hash(KernelVersion.Version(1)) == hash(KernelVersion.Version(1))
     assert hash(KernelVersion.Revision("abc")) == hash(KernelVersion.Revision("abc"))
-    assert {KernelVersion.Version(1), KernelVersion.Version(1)} == {
-        KernelVersion.Version(1)
-    }
+    assert {KernelVersion.Version(1), KernelVersion.Version(1)} == {KernelVersion.Version(1)}
 
 
 def test_kernel_dependency_eq_and_hash():
diff --git a/kernels-data/bindings/python/tests/test_version.py b/kernels/tests/test_data_version.py
similarity index 96%
rename from kernels-data/bindings/python/tests/test_version.py
rename to kernels/tests/test_data_version.py
index 1f153402f..280a234a6 100644
--- a/kernels-data/bindings/python/tests/test_version.py
+++ b/kernels/tests/test_data_version.py
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import pytest
 
-from kernels_data import Version
+from kernels._data import Version
 
 
 def test_version_parse():
diff --git a/kernels/tests/test_deps.py b/kernels/tests/test_deps.py
index 837e5b2a0..23b95c2b1 100644
--- a/kernels/tests/test_deps.py
+++ b/kernels/tests/test_deps.py
@@ -4,8 +4,8 @@
 from types import ModuleType
 
 import pytest
-from kernels_data import KernelDependency, KernelVersion, Metadata
 
+from kernels._data import KernelDependency, KernelVersion, Metadata
 from kernels.deps import get_kernel_dep, resolve_kernel_tree, use_kernel_deps
 from kernels.resolver import LocalKernel
 
diff --git a/kernels/tests/test_resolver.py b/kernels/tests/test_resolver.py
index 9cadc4e99..b700ee8ca 100644
--- a/kernels/tests/test_resolver.py
+++ b/kernels/tests/test_resolver.py
@@ -5,7 +5,9 @@
 
 import pytest
 from huggingface_hub.hf_api import GitRefInfo
-from kernels_data import (
+
+import kernels.resolver as resolver_module
+from kernels._data import (
     KernelDependency,
     KernelLock,
     KernelLocks,
@@ -14,8 +16,6 @@
     KernelVersion,
     Metadata,
 )
-
-import kernels.resolver as resolver_module
 from kernels._versions import resolve_version_spec_as_ref
 from kernels.hf_hub import _get_hf_api
 from kernels.install import install_kernel
diff --git a/kernels/tests/test_validate.py b/kernels/tests/test_validate.py
index 5d9c74189..2e23f06a7 100644
--- a/kernels/tests/test_validate.py
+++ b/kernels/tests/test_validate.py
@@ -5,10 +5,10 @@
 
 import pytest
 import torch
-from kernels_data import Metadata, Version
 
 import kernels
 import kernels.validate as validate_module
+from kernels._data import Metadata, Version
 from kernels.deps import DepTreeNode
 from kernels.resolver import LocalKernel
 from kernels.validate import (
diff --git a/kernels/tests/test_verify.py b/kernels/tests/test_verify.py
index b6493fc4f..d6e7f03d3 100644
--- a/kernels/tests/test_verify.py
+++ b/kernels/tests/test_verify.py
@@ -1,9 +1,9 @@
 from pathlib import Path
 
-from kernels_data import DigestViolation
 from sigstore.verify import policy
 
 from kernels import install_kernel
+from kernels._data import DigestViolation
 from kernels._versions import select_revision_or_version
 from kernels.hf_hub import CACHE_DIR, _get_hf_api
 from kernels.resolver import _BYTECODE_IGNORE_PATTERNS
diff --git a/kernels/uv.lock b/kernels/uv.lock
index 306a3d205..b40f52eb6 100644
--- a/kernels/uv.lock
+++ b/kernels/uv.lock
@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ resolution-markers = [
 ]
 
 [options]
-exclude-newer = "2026-06-19T07:02:11.14082404Z"
+exclude-newer = "0001-01-01T00:00:00Z" # This has no effect and is included for backwards compatibility when using relative exclude-newer values.
 exclude-newer-span = "P7D"
 
 [[package]]
@@ -374,7 +374,7 @@ resolution-markers = [
     "python_full_version < '3.11'",
 ]
 dependencies = [
-    { name = "numpy", version = "2.2.6", source = { registry = "https://pypi.org/simple" }, marker = "python_full_version < '3.11'" },
+    { name = "numpy", version = "2.2.6", source = { registry = "https://pypi.org/simple" } },
 ]
 sdist = { url = "https://files.pythonhosted.org/packages/66/54/eb9bfc647b19f2009dd5c7f5ec51c4e6ca831725f1aea7a993034f483147/contourpy-1.3.2.tar.gz", hash = "sha256:b6945942715a034c671b7fc54f9588126b0b8bf23db2696e3ca8328f3ff0ab54", size = 13466130, upload-time = "2025-04-15T17:47:53.79Z" }
 wheels = [
@@ -445,7 +445,7 @@ resolution-markers = [
     "python_full_version == '3.11.*'",
 ]
 dependencies = [
-    { name = "numpy", version = "2.4.1", source = { registry = "https://pypi.org/simple" }, marker = "python_full_version >= '3.11'" },
+    { name = "numpy", version = "2.4.1", source = { registry = "https://pypi.org/simple" } },
 ]
 sdist = { url = "https://files.pythonhosted.org/packages/58/01/1253e6698a07380cd31a736d248a3f2a50a7c88779a1813da27503cadc2a/contourpy-1.3.3.tar.gz", hash = "sha256:083e12155b210502d0bca491432bb04d56dc3432f95a979b429f2848c3dbe880", size = 13466174, upload-time = "2025-07-26T12:03:12.549Z" }
 wheels = [
@@ -834,7 +834,7 @@ name = "exceptiongroup"
 version = "1.3.1"
 source = { registry = "https://pypi.org/simple" }
 dependencies = [
-    { name = "typing-extensions", marker = "python_full_version < '3.11'" },
+    { name = "typing-extensions" },
 ]
 sdist = { url = "https://files.pythonhosted.org/packages/50/79/66800aadf48771f6b62f7eb014e352e5d06856655206165d775e675a02c9/exceptiongroup-1.3.1.tar.gz", hash = "sha256:8b412432c6055b0b7d14c310000ae93352ed6754f70fa8f7c34141f91c4e3219", size = 30371, upload-time = "2025-11-21T23:01:54.787Z" }
 wheels = [
@@ -1158,11 +1158,10 @@ wheels = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "kernels"
-version = "0.17.0.dev0"
+version = "0.17.0.dev1"
 source = { editable = "." }
 dependencies = [
     { name = "huggingface-hub" },
-    { name = "kernels-data" },
     { name = "packaging" },
     { name = "pyyaml" },
     { name = "sigstore" },
@@ -1217,7 +1216,6 @@ requires-dist = [
     { name = "einops", marker = "extra == 'curated-xpu'" },
     { name = "hf-doc-builder", marker = "extra == 'docs'" },
     { name = "huggingface-hub", specifier = ">=1.10.0" },
-    { name = "kernels-data", specifier = ">=0.14.0.dev1" },
     { name = "matplotlib", marker = "extra == 'benchmark'", specifier = ">=3.7.0" },
     { name = "numpy", marker = "extra == 'benchmark'", specifier = ">=2.0.2" },
     { name = "nvidia-cutlass-dsl", marker = "extra == 'curated'" },
@@ -1247,59 +1245,6 @@ dev = [
     { name = "types-tabulate" },
 ]
 
-[[package]]
-name = "kernels-data"
-version = "0.14.0.dev1"
-source = { registry = "https://pypi.org/simple" }
-sdist = { url = "https://files.pythonhosted.org/packages/63/f3/2c32dfce91fdc5115b16abaf2fb8f41c29b5327be458f430d8a7318e30a3/kernels_data-0.14.0.dev1.tar.gz", hash = "sha256:ddabe0cf0a9476e2aa631838e0ee0f748420156478b7e4b7103b687f04aaf823", size = 40310, upload-time = "2026-04-22T14:42:16.939Z" }
-wheels = [
-    { url = "https://files.pythonhosted.org/packages/ba/3f/20dd68c6d3b6cc662678c7fb81945221b0433f80d0c890b7975322dab74d/kernels_data-0.14.0.dev1-cp313-cp313t-macosx_10_12_x86_64.whl", hash = "sha256:d09f608e0cb1b05fc26fc5895d027e38e0e504fa314a9d8797b3122f0582f4c2", size = 1078614, upload-time = "2026-04-22T14:41:56.262Z" },
-    { url = "https://files.pythonhosted.org/packages/04/87/708bc67d9152c53aefc7181478ef5beac955f622e34b553e75bb67a844e6/kernels_data-0.14.0.dev1-cp313-cp313t-macosx_11_0_arm64.whl", hash = "sha256:8c4b79e7e9b5b534890c0bb52bed9bcbe9c1c4ccb527a7595ee39d11d40e7481", size = 1030171, upload-time = "2026-04-22T14:41:52.707Z" },
-    { url = "https://files.pythonhosted.org/packages/dc/e3/bfcc1e9c7815fd2e5d0523c829b04173f4b56c663d84866ccdeecfcb144b/kernels_data-0.14.0.dev1-cp313-cp313t-manylinux_2_17_aarch64.manylinux2014_aarch64.whl", hash = "sha256:c3fd4106930aeca7e8070599148701ce90d309b5f1a50b4ba9ba12d2b595afe1", size = 1165979, upload-time = "2026-04-22T14:41:31.388Z" },
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-
 [[package]]
 name = "kiwisolver"
 version = "1.5.0"
diff --git a/nix-builder/overlay.nix b/nix-builder/overlay.nix
index 4d114aaea..e7e2f7c2d 100644
--- a/nix-builder/overlay.nix
+++ b/nix-builder/overlay.nix
@@ -194,8 +194,6 @@ final: prev:
 
         kernels = callPackage ./pkgs/python-modules/kernels { };
 
-        kernels-data = callPackage ./pkgs/python-modules/kernels-data { };
-
         pyclibrary = python-self.callPackage ./pkgs/python-modules/pyclibrary { };
 
         mkTorch = callPackage ./pkgs/python-modules/torch/binary { };
diff --git a/nix-builder/pkgs/crate-dirs.nix b/nix-builder/pkgs/crate-dirs.nix
index 22697a7f7..3a24005b3 100644
--- a/nix-builder/pkgs/crate-dirs.nix
+++ b/nix-builder/pkgs/crate-dirs.nix
@@ -8,6 +8,7 @@ toSource {
     ../../Cargo.toml
     (fileFilter sourceFiles ../../kernel-abi-check)
     (fileFilter sourceFiles ../../kernel-builder)
+    (fileFilter sourceFiles ../../kernels)
     (fileFilter sourceFiles ../../kernels-data)
   ];
 }
diff --git a/nix-builder/pkgs/get-kernel-check/get-kernel-check-hook.py b/nix-builder/pkgs/get-kernel-check/get-kernel-check-hook.py
index 772465442..7cd35150a 100755
--- a/nix-builder/pkgs/get-kernel-check/get-kernel-check-hook.py
+++ b/nix-builder/pkgs/get-kernel-check/get-kernel-check-hook.py
@@ -5,7 +5,7 @@
 from kernels.load import get_kernel_with_resolver
 from kernels.resolver import KernelPathsResolver, RepoPathsResolver, SequentialResolver
 from kernels.validate import AllValidator, default_metadata_validators
-from kernels_data import KernelDependency, KernelPaths, KernelVersion
+from kernels._data import KernelDependency, KernelPaths, KernelVersion
 
 out = os.getenv("out")
 if not out:
diff --git a/nix-builder/pkgs/lock-kernel-deps/lock_kernel_deps.py b/nix-builder/pkgs/lock-kernel-deps/lock_kernel_deps.py
index 79d1068e0..97b20f9ed 100755
--- a/nix-builder/pkgs/lock-kernel-deps/lock_kernel_deps.py
+++ b/nix-builder/pkgs/lock-kernel-deps/lock_kernel_deps.py
@@ -15,7 +15,7 @@
 
 from huggingface_hub.hf_api import HfApi
 from kernels.locking import extract_dependency_locks
-from kernels_data import Build, KernelLocks, NixKernelLock, NixKernelLocks
+from kernels._data import Build, KernelLocks, NixKernelLock, NixKernelLocks
 
 
 def nix_hash(repo_id: str, revision: str) -> str:
diff --git a/nix-builder/pkgs/python-modules/kernels-data/default.nix b/nix-builder/pkgs/python-modules/kernels-data/default.nix
deleted file mode 100644
index 3bf183ab4..000000000
--- a/nix-builder/pkgs/python-modules/kernels-data/default.nix
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,52 +0,0 @@
-{
-  lib,
-  buildPythonPackage,
-  rustPlatform,
-}:
-
-let
-  version =
-    (builtins.fromTOML (builtins.readFile ../../../../kernels-data/Cargo.toml)).package.version;
-  cargoFlags = [
-    "-m"
-    "kernels-data/bindings/python/Cargo.toml"
-  ];
-in
-buildPythonPackage {
-  pname = "kernels-data";
-  inherit version;
-  format = "pyproject";
-
-  src =
-    let
-      sourceFiles =
-        file:
-        file.name == "Cargo.toml"
-        || file.name == "Cargo.lock"
-        || file.hasExt "pyi"
-        || file.name == "pyproject.toml"
-        || file.name == "python_dependencies.json"
-        || file.hasExt "rs";
-    in
-    import ../../crate-dirs.nix {
-      inherit lib sourceFiles;
-    };
-
-  cargoDeps = rustPlatform.importCargoLock {
-    lockFile = ../../../../Cargo.lock;
-    outputHashes = {
-      "hf-hub-1.1.0" = "sha256-wClUTCmphrO4QM+IYwYrNxyvDp8qBGAPdP+Wca8TgRA=";
-    };
-  };
-
-  maturinBuildFlags = cargoFlags;
-
-  build-system = [
-    rustPlatform.cargoSetupHook
-    rustPlatform.maturinBuildHook
-  ];
-
-  meta = with lib; {
-    description = "Kernels data structures";
-  };
-}
diff --git a/nix-builder/pkgs/python-modules/kernels/default.nix b/nix-builder/pkgs/python-modules/kernels/default.nix
index 8188d21f0..f503d320c 100644
--- a/nix-builder/pkgs/python-modules/kernels/default.nix
+++ b/nix-builder/pkgs/python-modules/kernels/default.nix
@@ -1,10 +1,9 @@
 {
   lib,
   buildPythonPackage,
-  setuptools,
+  rustPlatform,
 
   huggingface-hub,
-  kernels-data,
   pyyaml,
   sigstore,
   tomlkit,
@@ -14,27 +13,50 @@
 let
   version =
     (builtins.fromTOML (builtins.readFile ../../../../kernels/pyproject.toml)).project.version;
+  cargoFlags = [
+    "-m"
+    "kernels/Cargo.toml"
+  ];
 in
 buildPythonPackage {
   pname = "kernels";
   inherit version;
-  pyproject = true;
+  format = "pyproject";
 
   src =
     let
       sourceFiles =
-        file: file.hasExt "lock" || file.hasExt "json" || file.hasExt "toml" || file.hasExt "py";
+        file:
+        file.name == "README.md"
+        || file.name == "Cargo.toml"
+        || file.name == "Cargo.lock"
+        || file.hasExt "rs"
+        || file.hasExt "pyi"
+        || file.hasExt "lock"
+        || file.hasExt "json"
+        || file.hasExt "toml"
+        || file.hasExt "py";
     in
-    lib.fileset.toSource {
-      root = ../../../../kernels;
-      fileset = lib.fileset.fileFilter sourceFiles ../../../../kernels;
+    import ../../crate-dirs.nix {
+      inherit lib sourceFiles;
+    };
+
+  cargoDeps = rustPlatform.importCargoLock {
+    lockFile = ../../../../Cargo.lock;
+    outputHashes = {
+      "hf-hub-1.1.0" = "sha256-wClUTCmphrO4QM+IYwYrNxyvDp8qBGAPdP+Wca8TgRA=";
     };
+  };
+
+  maturinBuildFlags = cargoFlags;
 
-  build-system = [ setuptools ];
+  build-system = [
+    rustPlatform.cargoSetupHook
+    rustPlatform.maturinBuildHook
+  ];
 
   dependencies = [
     huggingface-hub
-    kernels-data
     pyyaml
     sigstore
     tomlkit
diff --git a/nix-builder/tests/Dockerfile.test-kernel b/nix-builder/tests/Dockerfile.test-kernel
index 3462e3803..3194e4a78 100644
--- a/nix-builder/tests/Dockerfile.test-kernel
+++ b/nix-builder/tests/Dockerfile.test-kernel
@@ -14,7 +14,8 @@ ENV DEBIAN_FRONTEND=noninteractive \
     NVIDIA_VISIBLE_DEVICES=all \
     NVIDIA_DRIVER_CAPABILITIES=compute,utility
 
-# Install uv and Rust toolchain (Rust is needed to build kernels-data from source).
+# Install uv and Rust toolchain (Rust is needed to build kernels from source, which
+# bundles a maturin/pyo3 extension module).
 RUN dnf install -y --allowerasing curl && \
     curl -LsSf https://astral.sh/uv/install.sh | sh && \
     curl --proto '=https' --tlsv1.2 -sSf https://sh.rustup.rs | sh -s -- -y && \
@@ -62,11 +63,10 @@ RUN CUDA_MAJOR_MINOR=$(echo ${CUDA_VERSION} | cut -d'.' -f1,2) && \
 RUN uv add "apache-tvm-ffi~=0.1.9" numpy pytest
 
 # Copy kernels-data and kernels source to install from source.
-COPY kernels-data ./kernels-data-src
+COPY kernels-data ./kernels-data
 COPY kernels ./kernels-src
 
-# Install kernels-data (Rust/maturin package) and kernels from source.
-RUN uv add ./kernels-data-src/bindings/python
+# Install kernels (Rust/maturin package) from source.
 RUN uv add ./kernels-src
 
 # Copy kernels and tests
diff --git a/scripts/_version_common.py b/scripts/_version_common.py
index d680aefcb..0f50900aa 100644
--- a/scripts/_version_common.py
+++ b/scripts/_version_common.py
@@ -19,7 +19,7 @@
 
 CARGO_FILES = [
     REPO_ROOT / "kernels-data" / "Cargo.toml",
-    REPO_ROOT / "kernels-data" / "bindings" / "python" / "Cargo.toml",
+    REPO_ROOT / "kernels" / "Cargo.toml",
     REPO_ROOT / "kernel-builder" / "Cargo.toml",
     REPO_ROOT / "kernel-abi-check" / "Cargo.toml",
 ]