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_editions/2026/tasks/enthymeme.md

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*See the [MediaEval 2026 webpage](https://multimediaeval.github.io/editions/2026/) for information on how to register and participate.*
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## Task Description
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#### Task Description
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The goal of this task is to develop AI models that are capable of detecting implicit arguments
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(enthymemes) in tweets. The dataset contains tweets and their annotations, and also includes
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Example questions for "Quest for Insight" papers include: How do different annotators interpret
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implicit premises? What linguistic features best signal the presence of enthymemes?
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## Motivation and Background
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#### Motivation and Background
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Enthymemes—arguments with missing components (premises or conclusions)—represent a fundamental
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challenge in understanding persuasive discourse and argumentation. These implicit arguments are
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investigating enthymemes in controversial political discourse, enabling research into how discourse
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characteristics of enthymemes can improve their detection with NLP methods.
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## Target Group
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#### Target Group
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This task is interesting to anyone who is interested in text analysis. We expect it to attract
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people working in areas such as natural language processing, argument mining, computational
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reason about controversial topics. The use of explicit structural modeling, linguistic
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feature-based approaches, and even rule-based systems of all sorts are encouraged.
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## Data
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#### Data
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The dataset consists of tweets that have been annotated by multiple annotators who judged whether
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or not the tweet contains an enthymeme. For each enthymeme, the annotators also propose a
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> ⚠️ Participants should be aware that the data contains language hurtful towards immigrants and
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> should be ready for this when reading the data.
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## Evaluation Methodology
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#### Evaluation Methodology
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**Task 1:** Since this is a label prediction task, we will evaluate using F1 concerning the
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presence or absence of enthymemes. Three labels are considered in the basic setting:
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the participants. Second, a subset of the test set will be sampled and evaluated by hand by
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experienced human annotators.
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## Quest for Insight
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#### Quest for Insight
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- What systematic patterns emerge in label variation across easy-medium-hard cases, and do they
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reveal distinct interpretative frameworks?
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- What is the most effective way to leverage annotator reconstructions to evaluate implicit
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proposition generation performance?
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## Task Organizers
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#### Task Organizers
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- **Martial Pastor**, Radboud University — martial.pastor@ru.nl
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- **Nelleke Oostdijk**, Radboud University — nelleke.oostdijk@ru.nl
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*Data will be made available as of the 1st of March.*
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## References
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#### References
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[1] Aroyo, L., & Welty, C. (2015). Truth is a lie: Crowd truth and the seven myths of human annotation. *AI Magazine, 36*(1), 15–24.
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