CIDOC_CRM_v7.1.3.rdf

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<rdf:RDF xml:lang="en" xmlns:rdf="http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#" xmlns:rdfs="http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#" xmlns:owl="http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#" xmlns:xsd="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#" xml:base="http://www.cidoc-crm.org/cidoc-crm/">
  <rdf:Description rdf:about="http://www.cidoc-crm.org/cidoc-crm/">
    <rdf:type rdf:resource="http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#Ontology" />
    <owl:versionInfo>RDFs Implementation (February 2024) of CIDOC-CRM 7.1.3</owl:versionInfo>
    <rdfs:comment xml:lang="en">CIDOC CRM v7.1.3 implemented in RDFS

This is the implementation approved by the 58th CRM-SIG meeting (March 2024)
as the current RDFS version for the CIDOC CRM namespace.
Note that this is NOT a definition of the CIDOC CRM, but a CIDOC CRM compatible implementation
of an RDF Schema derived from the authoritative release of the CIDOC CRM v7.1.3 on February 2024
https://cidoc-crm.org/Version/version-7.1.3 by an automated algorithm. It is intended for an
assumed majority of uses. Depending on the application, users may create adequate extensions 
compatible with the logical definitions of the CIDOC CRM.

Created by FORTH-ICS February 13, 2024
CC BY 4.0 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode



Encoding Rules:
1. The RDF spelling rules do not allow blanks. Hence we have replaced them by underscores.
   For instance "E63_Beginning_of_Existence" or "P2i_is_type_of".

2. RDF does not allow to instantiate properties beginning from a range value.
   Therefore, each CRM property is represented as two RDFS properties.
   For instance "P2 has type (is type of)" is represented as:
   "P2_has_type" for the domain to range direction and "P2i_is_type_of" for the range to domain direction.

3. The primitive values "E60 Number", "E61 Time Primitive", "E62 String", "E94 Space Primitive" and 
   "E95 Spacetime Primitive" referred in the Model for formal completeness are interpreted as rdfs:literal.

4. RDF does not support properties of properties, therefore, users may create their own
   subProperties for CRM properties that have a type property such as "P3 has note":
   Instead of P3 has note (P3-1 has type : parts description) declare
   &lt;rdf:Property rdf:about="P3_parts_description"&gt;
      &lt;rdfs:domain rdf:resource="E1_CRM_Entity"/&gt;
      &lt;rdfs:range rdf:resource="http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#Literal"/&gt;
      &lt;rdfs:subPropertyOf rdf:resource="P3_has_note"/&gt;
   &lt;/rdf:Property&gt;

5. Scope notes are represented as &lt;rdfs:comment&gt; elements.

6. In addition this encoding contains labels in languages different from English, 
   which are taken from translations of previous versions of the CIDOC CRM.    

7. Any other differences in labels, scope notes  and semantic relationships of this encoding 
   to the authoritative definition of the CIDOC CRM v7.1.3 (February 2024) are not intended transfer errors. 
   FORTH appreciates your feed-back on such errors.

8. CRM time extension 1.0 Encoded in RDFS (http://old.cidoc-crm.org/docs/How_to%20implement%20CRM_Time_in%20RDF.pdf)
   Since the Time Primitive of the CRM can not directly be implemented in RDF Triple Stores, we define in this extension
   of 4 properties replacing P81 and P82 adequately using xsd:dateTime. 
   Property P81 is dedicated for modeling the Time-Span's maximum known temporal extent i.e. ongoing_throughout. 
   Property P82 is for modeling the minimum outer bounds of events i.e. at_some_time_within. 
   P81 has its time interval redefined by P81a and P81b. Similarly, we redefine P82 by P82a and P82b.
## RDFS Generation Policies

### Sources

Policies followed for the RDFS implementation of CIDOC v.7.1.3 were created w.r.t.:

- Implementing the CIDOC Conceptual Reference Model in RDF (http://www.cidoc-crm.org/Resources/implementing-the-cidoc-conceptual-reference-model-in-rdf)
- How to implement CRM Time in RDF (http://old.cidoc-crm.org/docs/How_to%20implement%20CRM_Time_in%20RDF.pdf)
- CIDOC-CRM SIG feedback and the general guidelines:
  - Each property is declared twice, forward and backwards, unless no inverse name is defined in parentheses, or domain or range is interpreted as literal
  - All Primitive Values become rdfs:Literal
  - All IsA declarations from/to and between Primitive values are ignored

### Policies

#### **A. CIDOC Classes implementation in RDFS**

The CIDOC-CRM model defines classes, that in Triple Stores are typically implemented as primitive values. These classes are all subclasses of `E59 Primitive Value` and in RDFS they are interpreted as Literal. There are some classes in the CIDOC-CRM model that are both subclasses of `E59 Primitive Value` and E41 Appellation. So far we have followed the decision by CRM-SIG in "Issue 394: Solution for Dualism of E41 Appellation and rdfs:label" in 28-11-2018 wrt the question whether these classes should be implemented as rdfs:Class or still be interpreted as rdfs:Literal.

In this version we have followed the following policy regarding CIDOC Classes implementation in RDFS:

&gt; A1. CIDOC Classes that are subClasses of `E59 Primitive Value` are interpreted as rdfs:Literal regardless of whether they are also subClasses of another Class.

As a result, the following CIDOC classes were not defined in RDFS:

- `E59 Primitive Value`
- `E60 Number`
- `E61 Time Primitive`
- `E62 String`
- `E94 Space Primitive`
- `E95 Spacetime Primitive`

Additionally, the following isA relationships were not defined in RDFS:

- `E59 Primitive Value` `subClassOf` `E1 CRM Entity`
- `E60 Number` `subClassOf` `E59 Primitive Value`
- `E61 Time Primitive` `subClassOf` `E41 Appellation`
- `E61 Time Primitive` `subClassOf` `E59 Primitive Value`
- `E62 String` `subClassOf` `E59 Primitive Value`
- `E94 Space Primitive` `subClassOf` `E41 Appellation`
- `E94 Space Primitive` `subClassOf` `E59 Primitive Value`
- `E95 Spacetime Primitive` `subClassOf` `E41 Appellation`
- `E95 Spacetime Primitive` `subClassOf` `E59 Primitive Value`

#### **B. CIDOC Properties implementation in RDFS**

The decisions in policy A affect the implementation of CIDOC Properties in RDFS. A property cannot define an rdfs:Literal as rdfs:domain, and the backwards direction of a property with an rdfs:Literal as rdfs:range cannot be created for the exact same reason.

Further, the property ranges defined as rdfs:Literal in this implementation do not inherit the properties of the superclasses defined in the CIDOC Model. A separate guideline will describe how to instantiate such properties if at all needed.

Another aspect considered for the implementation of properties in RDFS is whether a distinct inverse property definition should be provided.

In this version we followed the following policies regarding CIDOC Properties implementation in RDFS:

&gt; B1. CIDOC Property backwards/inverse direction is **not** defined, whenever no inverse name for the property has been specified in parentheses in the official CIDOC documentation and property domain is not equal with property range.

As a result, the following properties do not define an inverse direction.

- `E1 CRM Entity. P3 has note: E62 String`
- `E19 Physical Object. P57 has number of parts: E60 Number`
- `E52 Time-Span. P79 beginning is qualified by: E62 String`
- `E52 Time-Span. P80 end is qualified by: E62 String`
- `E52 Time-Span. P81 ongoing throughout: E61 Time Primitive`
- `E52 Time-Span. P82 at some time within: E61 Time Primitive`
- `E54 Dimension. P90 has value: E60 Number`
- `E53 Place. P171 at some place within: E94 Space Primitive`
- `E53 Place. P172 contains: E94 Space Primitive`
- `E90 Symbolic Object. P190 has symbolic content: E62 String`

&gt; B2. CIDOC Property forward direction is **not** defined whenever property domain is interpreted as rdfs:Literal (A.1). Similarly, CIDOC Property backwards/inverse direction is **not** defined, whenever property range is interpreted as rdfs:Literal (A.1). Further, the instances of classes interpreted as rdfs:Literal, cannot express in RDFs their **inherited** properties that could be expressed according to CIDOC Model.

As a result,

a) The following **direct forward direction** CIDOC Properties **cannot** be expressed and are **not defined** in RDFS:

- `E95 Spacetime Primitive. P169 defines spacetime volume (spacetime volume is defined by): E92 Spacetime Volume`
- `E61 Time Primitive. P170 defines time (time is defined by): E52 Time-Span`

b) The following **direct backwards direction** CIDOC Properties **cannot** be expressed and are **not defined** in RDFS:

- `E94 Space Primitive. P168i defines place (place is defined by): E53 Place`

&gt; B3. Whenever no backwards/inverse property name is specified and property domain matches with property range, then the forward/direct property direction should be used for **both** directions and **no backwards/inverse property** needs to be defined.

As a result, we did not implement a separate backwards/inverse direction for the following CIDOC Properties:

- `E53 Place. P121 overlaps with: E53 Place`
- `E53 Place. P122 borders with: E53 Place`
- `E92 Spacetime Volume. P132 spatiotemporally overlaps with: E92 Spacetime Volume`
- `E92 Spacetime Volume. P133 is spatiotemporally separated from: E92 Spacetime Volume`

Additionally, all aforementioned redundant backwards/inverse CIDOC Property direction references, are replaced by the respective direct/forward CIDOC Property direction.

- The hierarchical link of  `P10i` subPropertyOf `P132i` was replaced with `P10i` subPropertyOf `P132`.

#### **C. Labels and appellations**

CIDOC-CRM version 7.1.3 defines the below subpropertyOf relations:

- `P168 place is defined by` `subPropertyOf` `P1 is identified by`
- `P169i spacetime volume is defined by` `subPropertyOf` `P1 is identified by`
- `P170i time is defined by` `subPropertyOf` `P1 is identified by`

The range of P168, P169i and P170i is `E94 Space Primitive`, `E95 Spacetime Primitive` and `E61 Time Primitive` respectively, which are all subclasses of `E41 Appellation` and interpreted as `rdfs:Literal` in RDFS, i.e. these three properties are datatype properties. However, the P1 property has range E41 Appellation, i.e. this property is an object property. Since OWL 2 distinguishes between object subproperties (https://www.w3.org/TR/2012/REC-owl2-syntax-20121211/#Object_Subproperties), data subproperties (https://www.w3.org/TR/2012/REC-owl2-syntax-20121211/#Data_Subproperties) and annotation subproperties (https://www.w3.org/TR/2012/REC-owl2-syntax-20121211/#Annotation_Subproperties), and also in OWL-DL the subject and object of a subproperty statement must be either both datatype properties or both object properties (see here (https://www.w3.org/TR/owl-ref/#subPropertyOf-def)), we do not include these three subPropertyOf relations in the provided RDFS implementation to avoid inconsistencies when reasoning with OWL 2 and OWL DL. Instead, we provide them in a separate ‘supplementary’ RDFS file which one can use if such inconsistencies are not expected.

In addition, since in the current practice, the property `rdfs:label` is widely used to denote appellations (see CRM-SIG Issue 394 (http://cidoc-crm.org/Issue/ID-394-solution-for-dualism-of-e41-appellation-and-rdfslabel)), the following `subPropertyOf` relation was also included in the supplementary RDFS file:

- `rdfs:label` subPropertyOf `P1 is identified by`

Note that according to the RDF Schema 1.1 specification, the domain (or range) of a property does not necessarily need to be 'subClassOf' or 'equal' to the domain (or range) of its superproperties. By including this subproperty relation, one can either directly use `rdfs:label` for providing a non-URI identifier/appellation for an instance of `E1 CRM Entity`, or use `P1 is identified by` for associating an additional URI-identifier with an instance of `E1 CRM Entity`, or use `P1 is identified by` and create an intermediate node (i.e. a URI-identifier for instance of `E41_Appellation`) for providing more detailed information about this appellation.

#### **D. Implementing Value Intervals**

The following are property pairs needed to simulate the interval-valued primitive values foreseen by the CRM:

&gt; D1. addition of two new properties, defined as subproperties of `E52 Time-Span. P81 ongoing throughout: E61 Time Primitive`, for the 'maximum known temporal extent' boundaries specification of `E61 Time Primitive`.

As a result, we have created the following property definitions:

- `E52 Time-Span. P81a end of the begin: rdfs:Literal` (subPropertyOf `E52 Time-Span. P81 ongoing throughout: E61 Time Primitive`)
- `E52 Time-Span. P81b begin of the end: rdfs:Literal` (subPropertyOf `E52 Time-Span. P81 ongoing throughout: E61 Time Primitive`)

&gt; D2. addition of two new properties, defined as subproperties of `E52 Time-Span. P82 at some time within: E61 Time Primitive`, for the 'minimum outer bounds' specification of `E61 Time Primitive`.

Consequently, we have created the following property definitions:

- `E52 Time-Span. P82a begin of the begin: rdfs:Literal` (subPropertyOf `E52 Time-Span. P82 at some time within: E61 Time Primitive`)
- `E52 Time-Span. P82b end of the end: rdfs:Literal` (subPropertyOf `E52 Time-Span. P82 at some time within: E61 Time Primitive`)

&gt; D3. addition of two new properties, defined as subproperties of `E54 Dimension. P90 has value: E60 Number`, for the upper and lower boundaries specification of `E60 Number`.

Consequently, we have created the following property definitions:

- `E54 Dimension. P90a has lower value limit: rdfs:Literal` (subPropertyOf `E54 Dimension. P90 has value: E60 Number`)
- `E54 Dimension. P90b has upper value limit: rdfs:Literal` (subPropertyOf `E54 Dimension. P90 has value: E60 Number`)

#### **E. Multiple ISA custom declaration Classes**

The following are declarations of frequently used multiple instantiations as classes with respective multiple IsA (so far only one):

&gt; E1. addition of a new class, defined as subClassOf `E41 Appellation` and `E33 Linguistic Object`, for all Appellations being regarded
specific to or characteristic for a language group and being described indirectly via a URI.

As a result, we have created the following class definition:

- `E33_E41_Linguistic_Appellation` subClass of `E33_Linguistic_Object` and `E41_Appellation`

#### **F. Translations and Scope notes**

&gt; F1. **Translations** Each RDFS Class or Property definition is accompanied by a set of translations expressed as rdfs:labels separated by xml:lang tags. The translation label used for each language is **the most recent** still **valid** translation. Still valid translation may be interpreted in the following ways:

- The English label of the `CurrentVersion` that the current RDFS file is referring to is *almost equal* (accepting only differences regarding multiple spaces) to the English label of the `TranslationVersion` that the translated label was created for. For example, in order to accept a translation for `E22 Human-Made Object` in the CurrentVersion (7.1.3) we should have a translation for E22 that was created based on a CIDOC version that used the same name for E22. The class name of E22 was changed from `E22 Man-Made Object` to `E22 Human-Made Object` in version 6.2.7. So the only **valid** translations would be these that were created based on version 6.2.7 or later. Currently no such translation has been created, so `E22 Human-Made Object` in CurrentVersion (7.1.3) does not define any translation in the RDFS file.

- Another option is to qualify translations as **valid** based on the scope note comparison of `CurrentVersion` and `TranslationVersion`. Since scope notes include formatting information, the comparison should ignore formatting changes.

Currently in this version we follow the option to qualify translations as valid based on the comparison of the respective labels in the corresponding CIDOC versions.

&gt; F2. **Scope notes** are defined as rdfs:comment and include only the text of the official CIDOC-CRM version in English language. Since scope notes are not just simple texts but include formatting data, a simple removal of the formatting data does not always produce a readable format. Therefore we followed the below simple conventions for the transformation of CIDOC-CRM scope note text into a readable rdfs:comment:

- Each Paragraph defines a new line
- Each element in an unordered list defines a new line
- Each element in an ordered list defines a new line prefixed with `'{order}. '`
- Each superscript text is separated from its base with `'-'`
- Each subscript text is separated from its base with `'_'` (none found)

&gt; F3. **Scope notes of Inverse Properties**. Scope notes for the inverse/backwards direction of properties are not defined as they are covered by the definition of the direct/forward direction definition. Whenever the direct/forward property direction of a property `Pxxx` is not defined due to policy **B1**, then its scope note is used as scope note for the inverse/backwards property `Pxxxi`, and labeled as `Scope note for 'Pxxx':`.

As a result, the direct/forward property definition was used for the rdfs:comment definition of

- `E92 Spacetime Volume. P169i spacetime volume is defined by: rdfs:Literal`
- `E52 Time-Span. P170i time is defined by: rdfs:Literal`

</rdfs:comment>
  </rdf:Description>
  <rdfs:Class rdf:about="E1_CRM_Entity">
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="en">CRM Entity</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="de">CRM Entität</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="el">Οντότητα CIDOC CRM</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="fr">Entité CRM</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="pt">Entidade CRM</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="ru">CRM Сущность</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="zh">CRM实体</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:comment>This class comprises all things in the universe of discourse of the CIDOC Conceptual Reference Model.
It is an abstract concept providing for three general properties:
Identification by name or appellation, and in particular by a preferred identifier
Classification by type, allowing further refinement of the specific subclass to which an instance belongs
Attachment of free text and other unstructured data for the expression of anything not captured by formal properties
All other classes within the CIDOC CRM are directly or indirectly specialisations of E1 CRM Entity.</rdfs:comment>
  </rdfs:Class>
  <rdfs:Class rdf:about="E2_Temporal_Entity">
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="en">Temporal Entity</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="de">Geschehendes</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="el">Έγχρονη Οντότητα</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="fr">Entité temporelle</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="pt">Entidade Temporal</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="ru">Врeмeнная Сущность</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="zh">时序实体</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:comment>This class comprises all phenomena, such as the instances of E4 Periods and E5 Events, which happen over a limited extent in time. This extent in time must be contiguous, i.e., without gaps. In case the defining kinds of phenomena for an instance of E2 Temporal Entity cease to happen, and occur later again at another time, we regard that the former instance of E2 Temporal Entity has ended and a new instance has come into existence. In more intuitive terms, the same event cannot happen twice.
In some contexts, such phenomena are also called perdurants. This class is disjoint from E77 Persistent Item and is an abstract class that typically has no direct instances. E2 Temporal Entity is specialized into E4 Period, which applies to a particular geographic area (defined with a greater or lesser degree of precision), and E3 Condition State, which applies to instances of E18 Physical Thing.</rdfs:comment>
    <rdfs:subClassOf rdf:resource="E1_CRM_Entity" />
  </rdfs:Class>
  <rdfs:Class rdf:about="E3_Condition_State">
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="en">Condition State</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="de">Zustandsphase</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="el">Κατάσταση</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="fr">État matériel</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="pt">Estado Material</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="ru">Состояниe</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="zh">条件状态</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:comment>This class comprises the states of objects characterised by a certain condition over a time-span.
An instance of this class describes the prevailing physical condition of any material object or feature during a specific instance of E52 Time-Span. In general, the time-span for which a certain condition can be asserted may be shorter than the real time-span, for which this condition held.
The nature of that condition can be described using P2 has type. For example, the instance of E3 Condition State “condition of the SS Great Britain between 22-nd September 1846 and 27-th August 1847” can be characterized as an instance “wrecked” of E55 Type.</rdfs:comment>
    <rdfs:subClassOf rdf:resource="E2_Temporal_Entity" />
  </rdfs:Class>
  <rdfs:Class rdf:about="E4_Period">
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="en">Period</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="de">Phase</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="el">Περίοδος</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="fr">Période</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="pt">Período</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="ru">Пeриод</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="zh">时期</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:comment>This class comprises sets of coherent phenomena or cultural manifestations occurring in time and space.
It is the social or physical coherence of these phenomena that identify an instance of E4 Period and not the associated spatiotemporal extent. This extent is only the “ground” or space in an abstract physical sense that the actual process of growth, spread and retreat has covered. Consequently, different periods can overlap and coexist in time and space, such as when a nomadic culture exists in the same area and time as a sedentary culture. This also means that overlapping land use rights, common among first nations, amounts to overlapping periods.
Often, this class is used to describe prehistoric or historic periods such as the “Neolithic Period”, the “Ming Dynasty” or the “McCarthy Era”, but also geopolitical units and activities of settlements are regarded as special cases of E4 Period. However, there are no assumptions about the scale of the associated phenomena. In particular all events are seen as synthetic processes consisting of coherent phenomena. Therefore, E4 Period is a superclass of E5 Event. For example, a modern clinical birth, an instance of E67 Birth, can be seen as both a single event, i.e. an instance of E5 Event, and as an extended period, i.e. an instance of E4 Period, that consists of multiple physical processes and complementary activities performed by multiple instances of E39 Actor.
E4 Period is a subclass of E2 Temporal Entity and of E92 Spacetime Volume. The latter is intended as a phenomenal spacetime volume as defined in CIDOC CRMgeo (Doerr &amp;amp; Hiebel, 2013). By virtue of this multiple inheritance, it is possible to discuss the physical extent of an instance of E4 Period without representing each instance of it together with an instance of its associated spacetime volume. This model combines two quite different kinds of substance: an instance of E4 Period is a phenomenon while an instance of E92 Spacetime Volume is an aggregation of points in spacetime. However, the real spatiotemporal extent of an instance of E4 Period is regarded to be unique to it due to all its details and fuzziness; its identity and existence depends uniquely on the identity of the instance of E4 Period. Therefore, this multiple inheritance is unambiguous and effective and furthermore corresponds to the intuitions of natural language.
Typical use of this class in cultural heritage documentation is for documenting cultural and artistic periods. There are two different conceptualisations of ‘artistic style’, defined either by physical features or by historical context. For example, “Impressionism” can be viewed as a period in the European sphere of influence lasting from approximately 1870 to 1905 during which paintings with particular characteristics were produced by a group of artists that included (among others) Monet, Renoir, Pissarro, Sisley and Degas. Alternatively, it can be regarded as a style applicable to all paintings sharing the characteristics of the works produced by the Impressionist painters, regardless of historical context. The first interpretation is an instance of E4 Period, and the second defines morphological object types that fall under E55 Type.
A geopolitical unit as a specific case of an instance of E4 Period is the set of activities and phenomena related to the claim of power, the consequences of belonging to a jurisdictional area and an administrative system that establishes a geopolitical unit. Examples from the modern period are countries or administrative areas of countries such as districts whose actions and structures define activities and phenomena in the area that they intend to govern. The borders of geopolitical units are often defined in contracts or treaties although they may deviate from the actual practice. The spatiotemporal properties of Geopolitical units can be modelled through the properties inherited from E92 Spacetime Volume.
Another specific case of an instance of E4 Period is the actual extent of the set of activities and phenomena as evidenced by their physical traces that define a settlement, such as the populated period of Nineveh.</rdfs:comment>
    <rdfs:subClassOf rdf:resource="E2_Temporal_Entity" />
    <rdfs:subClassOf rdf:resource="E92_Spacetime_Volume" />
  </rdfs:Class>
  <rdfs:Class rdf:about="E5_Event">
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="en">Event</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="de">Ereignis</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="el">Συμβάν</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="fr">Évènement</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="pt">Evento</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="ru">Событиe</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="zh">事件</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:comment>This class comprises distinct, delimited and coherent processes and interactions of a material nature, in cultural, social or physical systems, involving and affecting instances of E77 Persistent Item in a way characteristic of the kind of process. Typical examples are meetings, births, deaths, actions of decision taking, making or inventing things, but also more complex and extended ones such as conferences, elections, building of a castle, or battles.
While the continuous growth of a tree lacks the limits characteristic of an event, its germination from a seed does qualify as an event. Similarly, the blowing of the wind lacks the distinctness and limits of an event, but a hurricane, flood or earthquake would qualify as an event. Mental processes are considered as events, in cases where they are connected with the material externalization of their results; for example, the creation of a poem, a performance or a change of intention that becomes obvious from subsequent actions or declarations.
The effects of an instance of E5 Event may not lead to relevant permanent changes of properties or relations of the items involved in it, for example an unrecorded performance. Of course, in order to be documented, some kind of evidence for an event must exist, be it witnesses, traces or products of the event.
While instances of E4 Period always require some form of coherence between its constituent phenomena, in addition, the essential constituents of instances of E5 Event should contribute to an overall effect; for example, the statements made during a meeting and the listening of the audience.
Viewed at a coarse level of detail, an instance of E5 Event may appear as if it had an ‘instantaneous’ overall effect, but any process or interaction of material nature in reality have an extent in time and space. At a fine level, instances of E5 Event may be analysed into component phenomena and phases within a space and timeframe, and as such can be seen as a period, regardless of the size of the phenomena. The reverse is not necessarily the case: not all instances of E4 Period give rise to a noteworthy overall effect and are thus not instances of E5 Event.</rdfs:comment>
    <rdfs:subClassOf rdf:resource="E4_Period" />
  </rdfs:Class>
  <rdfs:Class rdf:about="E6_Destruction">
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="en">Destruction</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="de">Zerstörung</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="el">Καταστροφή</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="fr">Destruction</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="pt">Destruição</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="ru">Разрушeниe</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="zh">破坏</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:comment>This class comprises events that destroy one or more instances of E18 Physical Thing, such that they lose their identity as the subjects of documentation.
Some destruction events are intentional, while others are independent of human activity. Intentional destruction can be documented by classifying the event as both an instance of E6 Destruction and of E7 Activity.
The decision to document an object as destroyed, transformed, or modified is context-sensitive:
1. If the matter remaining from the destruction is not documented, the event is modelled solely as an instance of E6 Destruction.
2. An event should also be documented using E81 Transformation if it results in the destruction of one or more objects and the simultaneous production of others using parts or material from the original. In this case, the new items have separate identities. Matter is preserved, but identity is not.
3. When the initial identity of the changed instance of E18 Physical Thing is preserved, the event should be documented as an instance of E11 Modification.</rdfs:comment>
    <rdfs:subClassOf rdf:resource="E64_End_of_Existence" />
  </rdfs:Class>
  <rdfs:Class rdf:about="E7_Activity">
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="en">Activity</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="de">Handlung</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="el">Δράση</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="fr">Activité</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="pt">Atividade</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="ru">Дeятeльность</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="zh">活动</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:comment>This class comprises actions intentionally carried out by instances of E39 Actor that result in changes of state in the cultural, social, or physical systems documented.
This notion includes complex, composite, and long-lasting actions such as the building of a settlement or a war, as well as simple, short-lived actions such as the opening of a door.</rdfs:comment>
    <rdfs:subClassOf rdf:resource="E5_Event" />
  </rdfs:Class>
  <rdfs:Class rdf:about="E8_Acquisition">
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="en">Acquisition</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="de">Erwerb</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="el">Απόκτηση</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="fr">Acquisition</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="pt">Aquisição</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="ru">Поступлeниe</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="zh">采访</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:comment>This class comprises transfers of legal ownership from one or more instances of E39 Actor to one or more other instances of E39 Actor.
The class also applies to the establishment or loss of ownership of instances of E18 Physical Thing. It does not, however, imply changes of any other kinds of rights. The recording of the donor and/or recipient is optional. It is possible that in an instance of E8 Acquisition there is either no donor or no recipient. Depending on the circumstances, it may describe:
1. the beginning of ownership
2. the end of ownership
3. the transfer of ownership
4. the acquisition from an unknown source
5. the loss of title due to destruction of the item
It may also describe events where a collector appropriates legal title, for example, by annexation or field collection. The interpretation of the museum notion of “accession” differs between institutions. The CIDOC CRM therefore models legal ownership (E8 Acquisition) and physical custody (E10 Transfer of Custody) separately. Institutions will then model their specific notions of accession and deaccession as combinations of these.</rdfs:comment>
    <rdfs:subClassOf rdf:resource="E7_Activity" />
  </rdfs:Class>
  <rdfs:Class rdf:about="E9_Move">
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="en">Move</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="de">Objektbewegung</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="el">Μετακίνηση</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="fr">Déplacement</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="pt">Locomoção</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="ru">Пeрeмeщeниe</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="zh">移动</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:comment>This class comprises changes of the physical location of the instances of E19 Physical Object.
Note, that the class E9 Move inherits the property P7 took place at (witnessed): E53 Place. This property should be used to describe the trajectory or a larger area within which a move takes place, whereas the properties P26 moved to (was destination of), P27 moved from (was origin of) describe the start and end points only. Moves may also be documented to consist of other moves (via P9 consists of (forms part of)), in order to describe intermediate stages on a trajectory. In that case, start and end points of the partial moves should match appropriately between each other and with the overall event.</rdfs:comment>
    <rdfs:subClassOf rdf:resource="E7_Activity" />
  </rdfs:Class>
  <rdfs:Class rdf:about="E10_Transfer_of_Custody">
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="en">Transfer of Custody</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="de">Übertragung des Gewahrsams</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="el">Μεταβίβαση Κατοχής</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="fr">Transfert de la garde</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="pt">Transferência de Custódia</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="ru">Пeрeдача Хранeния</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="zh">转移监护权</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:comment>This class comprises transfers of the physical custody or the legal responsibility for the physical custody of objects. The recording of the donor or recipient is optional. It is possible that in an instance of E10 Transfer of Custody there is either no donor or no recipient.
Depending on the circumstances, it may describe:
1. the beginning of custody (there is no previous custodian)
2. the end of custody (there is no subsequent custodian)
3. the transfer of custody (transfer from one custodian to the next)
4. the receipt of custody from an unknown source (the previous custodian is unknown)
5. the declared loss of an object (the current or subsequent custodian is unknown)
In the event that only a single kind of transfer of custody occurs, either the legal responsibility for the custody or the actual physical possession of the object but not both, this difference should be expressed using the property P2 has type (is type of).
The sense of physical possession requires that the object of custody be in the hands of the keeper at least with a part representative for the whole. The way, in which a representative part is defined, should ensure that it is unambiguous who keeps a part and who the whole and should be consistent with the identity criteria of the kept instance of E18 Physical Thing.
The interpretation of the museum notion of "accession" differs between institutions. The CIDOC CRM therefore models legal ownership and physical custody separately. Institutions will then model their specific notions of accession and deaccession as combinations of these.
Theft is a specific case of illegal transfer of custody.</rdfs:comment>
    <rdfs:subClassOf rdf:resource="E7_Activity" />
  </rdfs:Class>
  <rdfs:Class rdf:about="E11_Modification">
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="en">Modification</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="de">Bearbeitung</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="el">Τροποποίηση</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="fr">Modification</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="pt">Modificação</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="ru">Измeнeниe</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="zh">修改</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:comment>This class comprises instances of E7 Activity that are undertaken to create, alter or change instances of E24 Physical Human-Made Thing.
This class includes the production of an item from raw materials and other so far undocumented objects. It also includes the conservation treatment of an object.
Since the distinction between modification and production is not always clear, modification is regarded as the more generally applicable concept. This implies that some items may be consumed or destroyed in an instance of E11 Modification, and that others may be produced as a result of it. An event should also be documented using an instance of E81 Transformation if it results in the destruction of one or more objects and the simultaneous production of others using parts or material from the originals. In this case, the new items have separate identities.
An activity undertaken on an object which was designed to alter it, but which, in fact, it did not in any seemingly significant way (such as the application of a solvent during conservation which failed to dissolve any part of the object), is still considered as an instance of E11 Modification. Typically, any such activity will leave at least forensic traces of evidence on the object.
If the instance of E29 Design or Procedure utilized for the modification prescribes the use of specific materials, they should be documented using property P68 foresees use of (use foreseen by): E57 Material of E29 Design or Procedure, rather than via P126 employed (was employed in): E57 Material.</rdfs:comment>
    <rdfs:subClassOf rdf:resource="E7_Activity" />
  </rdfs:Class>
  <rdfs:Class rdf:about="E12_Production">
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="en">Production</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="de">Herstellung</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="el">Παραγωγή</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="fr">Production</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="pt">Produção</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="ru">Изготовлeниe</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="zh">生产</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:comment>This class comprises activities that are designed to, and succeed in, creating one or more new items.
It specializes the notion of modification into production. The decision as to whether or not an object is regarded as new is context sensitive. Normally, items are considered “new” if there is no obvious overall similarity between them and the consumed items and material used in their production. In other cases, an item is considered “new” because it becomes relevant to documentation by a modification. For example, the scribbling of a name on a potsherd may make it a voting token. The original potsherd may not be worth documenting, in contrast to the inscribed one.
This entity can be collective: the printing of a thousand books, for example, would normally be considered a single event.
An event should also be documented using an instance of E81 Transformation if it results in the destruction of one or more objects and the simultaneous production of others using parts or material from the originals. In this case, the new items have separate identities and matter is preserved, but identity is not.</rdfs:comment>
    <rdfs:subClassOf rdf:resource="E11_Modification" />
    <rdfs:subClassOf rdf:resource="E63_Beginning_of_Existence" />
  </rdfs:Class>
  <rdfs:Class rdf:about="E13_Attribute_Assignment">
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="en">Attribute Assignment</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="de">Merkmalszuweisung</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="el">Απόδοση Ιδιοτήτων</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="fr">Assignation d’attribut</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="pt">Atribuição de Característica</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="ru">Назначeниe Атрибута</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="zh">属性赋值</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:comment>This class comprises the actions of making assertions about one property of an object or any single relation between two items or concepts. The type of the property asserted to hold between two items or concepts can be described by the property P177 assigned property of type (is type of property assigned): E55 Type.
For example, the class describes the actions of people making propositions and statements during certain scientific/scholarly procedures, e.g. the person and date when a condition statement was made, an identifier was assigned, the museum object was measured, etc. Which kinds of such assignments and statements need to be documented explicitly in structures of a schema rather than free text, depends on whether this information should be accessible by structured queries.
This class allows for the documentation of how the respective assignment came about, and whose opinion it was. Note that all instances of properties described in a knowledge base are the opinion of someone. Per default, they are the opinion of the team maintaining the knowledge base. This fact must not individually be registered for all instances of properties provided by the maintaining team, because it would result in an endless recursion of whose opinion was the description of an opinion. Therefore, the use of instances of E13 Attribute Assignment marks the fact that the maintaining team is in general neutral to the validity of the respective assertion, but registers someone else’s opinion and how it came about.
All properties assigned in such an action can also be seen as directly relating the respective pair of items or concepts. Multiple use of instances of E13 Attribute Assignment may possibly lead to a collection of contradictory values.</rdfs:comment>
    <rdfs:subClassOf rdf:resource="E7_Activity" />
  </rdfs:Class>
  <rdfs:Class rdf:about="E14_Condition_Assessment">
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="en">Condition Assessment</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="de">Zustandsfeststellung</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="el">Εκτίμηση Κατάστασης</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="fr">Évaluation d’état matériel</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="pt">Avaliação do Estado Material</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="ru">Оцeнка Состояния</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="zh">状态评估</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:comment>This class describes the act of assessing the state of preservation of an object during a particular period.
The condition assessment may be carried out by inspection, measurement, or through historical research. This class is used to document circumstances of the respective assessment that is relevant to interpret its quality at a later stage, or to continue research on related documents.</rdfs:comment>
    <rdfs:subClassOf rdf:resource="E13_Attribute_Assignment" />
  </rdfs:Class>
  <rdfs:Class rdf:about="E15_Identifier_Assignment">
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="en">Identifier Assignment</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="de">Kennzeichenzuweisung</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="el">Απόδοση Αναγνωριστικού</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="fr">Assignation d’identifiant</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="pt">Atribuição de Identificador</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="ru">Назначeниe Идeнтификатора</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="zh">标识符赋值</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:comment>This class comprises activities that result in the allocation of an identifier to an instance of E1 CRM Entity. An instance of E15 Identifier Assignment may include the creation of the identifier from multiple constituents, which themselves may be instances of E41 Appellation. The syntax and kinds of constituents to be used may be declared in a rule constituting an instance of E29 Design or Procedure.
Examples of such identifiers include Find Numbers, Inventory Numbers, uniform titles in the sense of librarianship and Digital Object Identifiers (DOI). Documenting the act of identifier assignment and deassignment is especially useful when objects change custody or the identification system of an organization is changed. In order to keep track of the identity of things in such cases, it is important to document by whom, when, and for what purpose an identifier is assigned to an item.
The fact that an identifier is a preferred one for an organisation can be expressed by using the property E1 CRM Entity. P48 has preferred identifier (is preferred identifier of): E42 Identifier. It can better be expressed in a context independent form by assigning a suitable E55 Type, such as “preferred identifier assignment”, to the respective instance of E15 Identifier Assignment through the P2 has type (is type of) property.</rdfs:comment>
    <rdfs:subClassOf rdf:resource="E13_Attribute_Assignment" />
  </rdfs:Class>
  <rdfs:Class rdf:about="E16_Measurement">
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="en">Measurement</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="de">Messung</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="el">Μέτρηση</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="fr">Mesurage</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="pt">Medição</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="ru">Измeрeниe</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="zh">测量</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:comment>This class comprises actions measuring physical properties and other values that can be determined by a systematic, objective procedure of direct observation of particular states of physical reality.
An instance of E16 Measurement may use simple counting or tools, such as yardsticks or radiation detection devices. The interest is in the method and care applied, so that the reliability of the result may be judged at a later stage, or research continued on the associated documents. The date of the event is important for dimensions, which may change value over time, such as the length of an object subject to shrinkage. Methods and devices employed should be associated with instances of E16 Measurement by properties such as P33 used specific technique: E29 Design or Procedure, P125 used object of type: E55 Type, P16 used specific object (was used for): E70 Thing, whereas basic techniques such as "carbon-14 dating" should be encoded using P2 has type (is type of): E55 Type. Details of methods and devices reused or reusable in other instances of E16 Measurement should be documented for these entities rather than the measurements themselves, whereas details of particular execution may be documented by free text or by instantiating adequate sub-activities, if the detail may be of interest for an overarching query.
Regardless whether a measurement is made by an instrument or by human senses, it represents the initial transition from physical reality to information without any other documented information object in between within the reasoning chain that would represent the result of the interaction of the observer or device with reality. Therefore, determining properties of an instance of E90 Symbolic Object is regarded as an instance of E13 Attribute Assignment, which may be inferred from observing and measuring representative carriers. In the case that the carrier can be named, the property P16 used specific object (was used for) should be used to indicate the instance(s) of E18 Physical Thing that was used as the empirical basis for the attribute assignment. For instance, inferring properties of depicted items using image material, such as satellite images, is not regarded as an instance of E16 Measurement, but as a subsequent instance of E13 Attribute Assignment. Rather, only the production of the images, understood as arrays of radiation intensities, is regarded as an instance of E16 Measurement. The same reasoning holds for other sensor data.</rdfs:comment>
    <rdfs:subClassOf rdf:resource="E13_Attribute_Assignment" />
  </rdfs:Class>
  <rdfs:Class rdf:about="E17_Type_Assignment">
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="en">Type Assignment</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="de">Typuszuweisung</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="el">Απόδοση Τύπου</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="fr">Assignation de type</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="pt">Atribuição de Tipo</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="ru">Назначeниe Типа</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="zh">类型赋值</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:comment>This class comprises the actions of classifying items of whatever kind. Such items include objects, specimens, people, actions, and concepts.
This class allows for the documentation of the context of classification acts in cases where the value of the classification depends on the personal opinion of the classifier, and the date that the classification was made. This class also encompasses the notion of “determination,” i.e. the systematic and molecular identification of a specimen in biology.</rdfs:comment>
    <rdfs:subClassOf rdf:resource="E13_Attribute_Assignment" />
  </rdfs:Class>
  <rdfs:Class rdf:about="E18_Physical_Thing">
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="en">Physical Thing</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="de">Materielles</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="el">Υλικό Πράγμα</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="fr">Chose matérielle</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="pt">Coisa Material</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="ru">Матeриальный Прeдмeт</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="zh">实物</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:comment>This class comprises all persistent physical items with a relatively stable form, human-made or natural.
Depending on the existence of natural boundaries of such things, the CIDOC CRM distinguishes the instances of E19 Physical Object from instances of E26 Physical Feature, such as holes, rivers, pieces of land, etc. Most instances of E19 Physical Object can be moved (if not too heavy), whereas features are integral to the surrounding matter.
An instance of E18 Physical Thing occupies not only a particular geometric space at any instant of its existence, but in the course of its existence it also forms a trajectory through spacetime, which occupies a real, that is phenomenal, volume in spacetime. We include in the occupied space the space filled by the matter of the physical thing and all its inner spaces, such as the interior of a box. For the purpose of more detailed descriptions of the presence of an instance of E18 Physical Thing in space and time it can be associated with its specific instance of E92 Spacetime Volume by the property P196 defines (is defined by).
The CIDOC CRM is generally not concerned with amounts of matter in fluid or gaseous states, as long as they are not confined in an identifiable way for an identifiable minimal time-span.</rdfs:comment>
    <rdfs:subClassOf rdf:resource="E72_Legal_Object" />
  </rdfs:Class>
  <rdfs:Class rdf:about="E19_Physical_Object">
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="en">Physical Object</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="de">Materieller Gegenstand</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="el">Υλικό Αντικείμενο</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="fr">Objet matériel</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="pt">Objeto Material</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="ru">Матeриальный Объeкт</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="zh">物质对象</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:comment>This class comprises items of a material nature that are units for documentation and have physical boundaries that separate them completely in an objective way from other objects.
The class also includes all aggregates of objects made for functional purposes of whatever kind, independent of physical coherence, such as a set of chessmen. Typically, instances of E19 Physical Object can be moved (if not too heavy).
In some contexts, such objects, except for aggregates, are also called “bona fide objects”, i.e. naturally defined objects (Smith &amp;amp; Varzi, 2000).
The decision as to what is documented as a complete item, rather than by its parts or components, may be purely administrative or may be a result of the order in which the item was acquired.</rdfs:comment>
    <rdfs:subClassOf rdf:resource="E18_Physical_Thing" />
  </rdfs:Class>
  <rdfs:Class rdf:about="E20_Biological_Object">
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="en">Biological Object</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="de">Biologischer Gegenstand</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="el">Βιολογικό Ακτικείμενο</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="fr">Objet biologique</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="pt">Objeto Biológico</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="ru">Биологичeский Объeкт</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="zh">生物对象</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:comment>This class comprises individual items of a material nature, which live, have lived, or are natural products of or from living organisms.
Artificial objects that incorporate biological elements, such as Victorian butterfly frames, can be documented as both instances of E20 Biological Object and E22 Human-Made Object.</rdfs:comment>
    <rdfs:subClassOf rdf:resource="E19_Physical_Object" />
  </rdfs:Class>
  <rdfs:Class rdf:about="E21_Person">
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="en">Person</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="de">Person</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="el">Πρόσωπο</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="fr">Personne</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="pt">Pessoa</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="ru">Личность</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="zh">人物</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:comment>This class comprises real persons who live or are assumed to have lived.
Legendary figures that may have existed, such as Ulysses and King Arthur, fall into this class if the documentation refers to them as historical figures. In cases where doubt exists as to whether several persons are in fact identical, multiple instances can be created and linked to indicate their relationship. The CIDOC CRM does not propose a specific form to support reasoning about possible identity.
In a bibliographic context, a name presented following the conventions usually employed for personal names will be assumed to correspond to an actual real person (an instance of E21 Person), unless evidence is available to indicate that this is not the case. The fact that a persona may erroneously be classified as an instance of E21 Person does not imply that the concept comprises personae.</rdfs:comment>
    <rdfs:subClassOf rdf:resource="E20_Biological_Object" />
    <rdfs:subClassOf rdf:resource="E39_Actor" />
  </rdfs:Class>
  <rdfs:Class rdf:about="E22_Human-Made_Object">
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="en">Human-Made Object</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="fr">Objet élaboré par l’humain</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="ru">Рукотворный Объeкт</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:comment>This class comprises all persistent physical objects of any size that are purposely created by human activity and have physical boundaries that separate them completely in an objective way from other objects.
The class also includes all aggregates of objects made for functional purposes of whatever kind, independent of physical coherence, such as a set of chessmen.</rdfs:comment>
    <rdfs:subClassOf rdf:resource="E19_Physical_Object" />
    <rdfs:subClassOf rdf:resource="E24_Physical_Human-Made_Thing" />
  </rdfs:Class>
  <rdfs:Class rdf:about="E24_Physical_Human-Made_Thing">
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="en">Physical Human-Made Thing</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="fr">Chose matérielle élaborée par l’humain</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="ru">Матeриальный Рукотворный Объeкт</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:comment>This class comprises all persistent physical items of any size that are purposely created by human activity. This class comprises, besides others, human-made objects, such as a sword, and human-made features, such as rock art. For example, a “cup and ring” carving on bedrock is regarded as instance of E24 Physical Human-Made Thing.
Instances of E24 Physical Human-Made Thing may be the result of modifying pre-existing physical things, preserving larger parts or most of the original matter and structure, which poses the question if they are new or even human-made, the respective interventions of production made on such original material should be obvious and sufficient to regard that the product has a new, distinct identity and intended function and is human-made. Substantial continuity of the previous matter and structure in the new product can be documented by describing the production process also as an instance of E81 Transformation.
Whereas interventions of conservation and repair are not regarded to produce a new instance of E24 Physical Human-Made Thing, the results of preparation of natural history specimens that substantially change their natural or original state should be regarded as instances of E24 Physical Human-Made Things, including the uncovering of petrified biological features from a solid piece of stone. On the other side, scribbling a museum number on a natural object should not be regarded to make it human-made. This notwithstanding, parts, sections, segments, or features of an instance of E24 Physical Human-Made Thing may continue to be non-human-made and preserved during the production process, for example natural pearls used as a part of an eardrop.</rdfs:comment>
    <rdfs:subClassOf rdf:resource="E18_Physical_Thing" />
    <rdfs:subClassOf rdf:resource="E71_Human-Made_Thing" />
  </rdfs:Class>
  <rdfs:Class rdf:about="E25_Human-Made_Feature">
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="en">Human-Made Feature</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="fr">Caractéristique élaborée par l'humain</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="ru">Искусствeнный Признак</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:comment>This class comprises physical features that are purposely created by human activity, such as scratches, artificial caves, artificial water channels, etc. In particular, it includes the information encoding features on mechanical or digital carriers.</rdfs:comment>
    <rdfs:subClassOf rdf:resource="E24_Physical_Human-Made_Thing" />
    <rdfs:subClassOf rdf:resource="E26_Physical_Feature" />
  </rdfs:Class>
  <rdfs:Class rdf:about="E26_Physical_Feature">
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="en">Physical Feature</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="de">Materielles Merkmal</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="el">Υλικό Μόρφωμα</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="fr">Caractéristique physique</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="pt">Característica Material</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="ru">Физичeский Признак</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="zh">物理特征</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:comment>This class comprises identifiable features that are physically attached in an integral way to particular physical objects.
Instances of E26 Physical Feature share many of the attributes of instances of E19 Physical Object. They may have a one-dimensional, two-dimensional, or three-dimensional geometric extent, but there are no natural borders that separate them completely in an objective way from the carrier objects. For example, a doorway is a feature but the door itself, being attached by hinges, is not.
Instances of E26 Physical Feature can be features in a narrower sense, such as scratches, holes, reliefs, surface colours, reflection zones in an opal crystal or a density change in a piece of wood. In the wider sense, they are portions of particular objects with partially imaginary borders, such as the core of the Earth, an area of property on the surface of the Earth, a landscape or the head of a contiguous marble statue. They can be measured and dated, and it is sometimes possible to state who or what is or was responsible for them. They cannot be separated from the carrier object, but a segment of the carrier object may be identified (or sometimes removed) carrying the complete feature.
This definition coincides with the definition of “fiat objects”, with the exception of aggregates of “bona fide objects” (Smith &amp;amp; Varzi, 2000).</rdfs:comment>
    <rdfs:subClassOf rdf:resource="E18_Physical_Thing" />
  </rdfs:Class>
  <rdfs:Class rdf:about="E27_Site">
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="en">Site</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="de">Gelände</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="el">Φυσικός Χώρος</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="fr">Site</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="pt">Lugar</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="ru">Мeстоположeниe</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="zh">场地</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:comment>This class comprises pieces of land or sea floor.
In contrast to the purely geometric notion of E53 Place, this class describes constellations of matter on the surface of the Earth or other celestial body, which can be represented by photographs, paintings, and maps.
Instances of E27 Site are composed of relatively immobile material items and features in a particular configuration at a particular location.</rdfs:comment>
    <rdfs:subClassOf rdf:resource="E26_Physical_Feature" />
  </rdfs:Class>
  <rdfs:Class rdf:about="E28_Conceptual_Object">
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="en">Conceptual Object</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="de">Begrifflicher Gegenstand</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="el">Νοητικό Αντικείμενο</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="fr">Objet conceptuel</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="pt">Objeto Conceitual</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="ru">Концeптуальный Объeкт</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="zh">概念对象</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:comment>This class comprises non-material products of our minds and other human produced data that have become objects of a discourse about their identity, circumstances of creation, or historical implication. The production of such information might have been supported by the use of technical devices such as cameras or computers.
Characteristically, instances of this class are created, invented or thought by someone, and then may be documented or communicated between persons. Instances of E28 Conceptual Object have the ability to exist on more than one particular carrier at the same time, such as paper, electronic signals, marks, audio media, paintings, photos, human memories, etc.
They cannot be destroyed. They exist as long as they can be found on at least one carrier or in at least one human memory. Their existence ends when the last carrier and the last memory are lost.</rdfs:comment>
    <rdfs:subClassOf rdf:resource="E71_Human-Made_Thing" />
  </rdfs:Class>
  <rdfs:Class rdf:about="E29_Design_or_Procedure">
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="en">Design or Procedure</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="de">Entwurf oder Verfahren</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="el">Σχέδιο</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="fr">Conceptualisation ou procédure</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="pt">Projeto ou Procedimento</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="ru">Проeкт или Процeдура</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="zh">设计或程序</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:comment>This class comprises documented plans for the execution of actions in order to achieve a result of a specific quality, form, or contents. In particular, it comprises plans for deliberate human activities that may result in new instances of E71 Human-Made Thing or for shaping or guiding the execution of an instance of E7 Activity.
Instances of E29 Design or Procedure can be structured in parts and sequences or depend on others.
This is modelled using P69 has association with (is associated with): E29 Design or Procedure.
Designs or procedures can be seen as one of the following:
1. A schema for the activities it describes
2. A schema of the products that result from their application
3. An independent intellectual product that may have never been applied, such as Leonardo da Vinci’s famous plans for flying machines
Because designs or procedures may never be applied or only partially executed, the CIDOC CRM models a loose relationship between the plan and the respective product.</rdfs:comment>
    <rdfs:subClassOf rdf:resource="E73_Information_Object" />
  </rdfs:Class>
  <rdfs:Class rdf:about="E30_Right">
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="en">Right</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="de">Recht</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="el">Δικαίωμα</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="fr">Droit</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="pt">Direitos</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="ru">Право</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="zh">权限</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:comment>This class comprises legal privileges concerning material and immaterial things or their derivatives.
These include reproduction and property rights.</rdfs:comment>
    <rdfs:subClassOf rdf:resource="E89_Propositional_Object" />
  </rdfs:Class>
  <rdfs:Class rdf:about="E31_Document">
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="en">Document</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="de">Dokument</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="el">Τεκμήριο</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="fr">Document</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="pt">Documento</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="ru">Докумeнт</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="zh">文献</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:comment>This class comprises identifiable immaterial items that make propositions about reality.
These propositions may be expressed in text, graphics, images, audiograms, videograms, or by other similar means. Documentation databases are regarded as instances of E31 Document. This class should not be confused with the concept “document” in Information Technology, which is compatible with E73 Information Object.</rdfs:comment>
    <rdfs:subClassOf rdf:resource="E73_Information_Object" />
  </rdfs:Class>
  <rdfs:Class rdf:about="E32_Authority_Document">
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="en">Authority Document</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="de">Referenzdokument</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="el">Πηγή Καθιερωμένων Όρων</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="fr">Document de référence</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="pt">Documento de Referência</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="ru">Официальный Докумeнт</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="zh">规范文档</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:comment>This class comprises encyclopaedia, thesauri, authority lists and other documents that define terminology or conceptual systems for consistent use.</rdfs:comment>
    <rdfs:subClassOf rdf:resource="E31_Document" />
  </rdfs:Class>
  <rdfs:Class rdf:about="E33_Linguistic_Object">
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="en">Linguistic Object</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="de">Sprachlicher Gegenstand</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="el">Γλωσσικό Αντικείμενο</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="fr">Objet linguistique</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="pt">Objeto Lingüístico</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="ru">Лингвистичeский Объeкт</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="zh">语言对象</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:comment>This class comprises identifiable expressions in natural language or languages.
Instances of E33 Linguistic Object can be expressed in many ways: e.g. as written texts, recorded speech, or sign language. However, the CIDOC CRM treats instances of E33 Linguistic Object independently from the medium or method by which they are expressed. Expressions in formal languages, such as computer code or mathematical formulae, are not treated as instances of E33 Linguistic Object by the CIDOC CRM. These should be modelled as instances of E73 Information Object.
In general, an instance of E33 Linguistic Object may also contain non-linguistic information, often of artistic or aesthetic value. Only in cases in which the content of an instance of E33 Linguistic Object can completely be expressed by a series of binary-encoded symbols, its content may be documented within a respective knowledge base by the property P190 has symbolic content: E62 String. Otherwise, it should be understood as an identifiable digital resource only available independently from the respective knowledge base.
In other cases, such as pages of an illuminated manuscript or recordings containing speech in a language supported by a writing system, the linguistic part of the content of an instance of E33 Linguistic Object may be documented within a respective knowledge base in a note by P3 has note: E62 String. Otherwise, it may be described using the property P165 incorporates (is incorporated in): E73 Information Object as a different object with its own identity.</rdfs:comment>
    <rdfs:subClassOf rdf:resource="E73_Information_Object" />
  </rdfs:Class>
  <rdfs:Class rdf:about="E33_E41_Linguistic_Appellation">
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="en">Linguistic Appellation</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:subClassOf rdf:resource="E33_Linguistic_Object" />
    <rdfs:subClassOf rdf:resource="E41_Appellation" />
  </rdfs:Class>
  <rdfs:Class rdf:about="E34_Inscription">
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="en">Inscription</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="de">Inschrift</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="el">Επιγραφή</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="fr">Inscription</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="pt">Inscrição</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="ru">Надпись</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="zh">题识</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:comment>This class comprises recognisable texts that can be attached to instances of E24 Physical Human-Made Thing.
The transcription of the text can be documented in a note by P3 has note: E62 String. The alphabet used can be documented by P2 has type: E55 Type. This class is not intended to describe the idiosyncratic characteristics of an individual physical embodiment of an inscription, but the underlying prototype. The physical embodiment is modelled in the CIDOC CRM as instances of E24 Physical Human-Made Thing.
The relationship of a physical copy of a book to the text it contains is modelled using E18 Physical Thing. P128 carries (is carried by): E33 Linguistic Object.</rdfs:comment>
    <rdfs:subClassOf rdf:resource="E33_Linguistic_Object" />
    <rdfs:subClassOf rdf:resource="E37_Mark" />
  </rdfs:Class>
  <rdfs:Class rdf:about="E35_Title">
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="en">Title</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="de">Titel</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="el">Τίτλος</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="fr">Titre</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="pt">Título</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="ru">Названиe</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="zh">题名</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:comment>This class comprises the textual strings that within a cultural context can be clearly identified as titles due to their form. Being a subclass of E41 Appellation, E35 Title can only be used when such a string is actually used as a title of a work, such as a text, an artwork, or a piece of music.
Titles are proper noun phrases or verbal phrases, and should not be confused with generic object names such as “chair”, “painting”, or “book” (the latter are common nouns that stand for instances of E55 Type). Titles may be assigned by the creator of the work itself, or by a social group.
This class also comprises the translations of titles that are used as surrogates for the original titles in different social contexts.</rdfs:comment>
    <rdfs:subClassOf rdf:resource="E33_Linguistic_Object" />
    <rdfs:subClassOf rdf:resource="E41_Appellation" />
  </rdfs:Class>
  <rdfs:Class rdf:about="E36_Visual_Item">
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="en">Visual Item</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="de">Bildliches</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="el">Οπτικό Στοιχείο</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="fr">Entité visuelle</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="pt">Item Visual</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="ru">Визуальный Прeдмeт</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="zh">可视项</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:comment>This class comprises the intellectual or conceptual aspects of recognisable marks and images.
This class does not intend to describe the idiosyncratic characteristics of an individual physical embodiment of a visual item, but the underlying prototype. For example, a mark such as the ICOM logo is generally considered to be the same logo when used on any number of publications. The size, orientation, and colour may change, but the logo remains uniquely identifiable. The same is true of images that are reproduced many times. This means that visual items are independent of their physical support.
The E36 Visual Item class provides a means of identifying and linking together instances of E24 Physical Human-Made Thing that carry the same visual symbols, marks, or images, etc. The property P62 depicts (is depicted by) between E24 Physical Human-Made Thing and the depicted subjects (E1 CRM Entity) can be regarded as a shortcut of the more fully developed path from E24 Physical Human-Made Thing through P65 shows visual item (is shown by), E36 Visual Item, P138 represents (has representation) to E1 CRM Entity, which in addition captures the optical features of the depiction.</rdfs:comment>
    <rdfs:subClassOf rdf:resource="E73_Information_Object" />
  </rdfs:Class>
  <rdfs:Class rdf:about="E37_Mark">
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="en">Mark</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="de">Marke</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="el">Σήμανση</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="fr">Marque</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="pt">Marca</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="ru">Знак</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="zh">标记</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:comment>This class comprises symbols, signs, signatures, or short texts applied to instances of E24 Physical Human-Made Thing by arbitrary techniques, often in order to indicate such things as creator, owner, dedications, purpose, or to communicate information generally. Instances of E37 Mark do not represent the actual image of a mark, but the abstract ideal (or archetype) as used for codification in reference documents forming cultural documentation.
This class specifically excludes features that have no semantic significance, such as scratches or tool marks. These should be documented as instances of E25 Human-Made Feature.</rdfs:comment>
    <rdfs:subClassOf rdf:resource="E36_Visual_Item" />
  </rdfs:Class>
  <rdfs:Class rdf:about="E39_Actor">
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="en">Actor</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="de">Akteur</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="el">Δράστης</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="fr">Actant</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="pt">Agente</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="ru">Дeйствующий Субъeкт</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="zh">参与者</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:comment>This class comprises people, either individually or in groups, who have the potential to perform intentional actions of kinds for which they can be held responsible.</rdfs:comment>
    <rdfs:subClassOf rdf:resource="E77_Persistent_Item" />
  </rdfs:Class>
  <rdfs:Class rdf:about="E41_Appellation">
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="en">Appellation</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="de">Benennung</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="el">Ονομασία</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="fr">Appellation</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="pt">Designação</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="ru">Обозначeниe</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="zh">称谓</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:comment>This class comprises all signs, either meaningful or not, or arrangements of signs following a specific syntax, that are used or can be used to refer to and identify a specific instance of some class within a certain context.
Instances of E41 Appellation do not identify things by their meaning, even if they happen to have one, but by convention, tradition, or agreement. Instances of E41 Appellation are cultural constructs; as such, they have a context, a history, and a use in time and space by some group of users. A given instance of E41 Appellation can have alternative forms, i.e. other instances of E41 Appellation that are regarded as equivalent, regardless of the thing it denotes.
Different languages may use different appellations for the same thing, such as the names of major cities. Some appellations may be formulated using a valid noun phrase of a particular language. In these cases, the respective instances of E41 Appellation should also be declared as instances of E33 Linguistic Object. Then the language using the appellation can be declared with the property P72 has language: E56 Language.
Instances of E41 Appellation may be used to identify any instance of E1 CRM Entity and sometimes are characteristic for instances of more specific subclasses of E1 CRM Entity, such as for instances of E52 Time-Span (for instance “dates”), E39 Actor, E53 Place or E28 Conceptual Object. Postal addresses and E-mail addresses are characteristic examples of identifiers used by services transporting things between clients.
Even numerically expressed identifiers for extents in space or time are also regarded as instances of E41 Appellation, such as Gregorian dates or spatial coordinates, even though they allow for determining some time or location by a known procedure starting from a reference point and by virtue of that fact play a double role as instances of E59 Primitive Value.
E41 Appellation should not be confused with the act of naming something. Cf. E15 Identifier Assignment.</rdfs:comment>
    <rdfs:subClassOf rdf:resource="E90_Symbolic_Object" />
  </rdfs:Class>
  <rdfs:Class rdf:about="E42_Identifier">
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="en">Identifier</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="de">Kennung</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="el">Κωδικός Αναγνώρισης</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="fr">Identifiant</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="pt">Identificador de Objeto</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="ru">Идeнтификатор</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="zh">标识符</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:comment>This class comprises strings or codes assigned to instances of E1 CRM Entity in order to identify them uniquely and permanently within the context of one or more organisations. Such codes are often known as inventory numbers, registration codes, etc. and are typically composed of alphanumeric sequences. Postal addresses, telephone numbers, URLs and e-mail addresses are characteristic examples of identifiers used by services transporting things between clients.
The class E42 Identifier is not normally used for machine-generated identifiers used for automated processing unless these are also used by human agents.</rdfs:comment>
    <rdfs:subClassOf rdf:resource="E41_Appellation" />
  </rdfs:Class>
  <rdfs:Class rdf:about="E52_Time-Span">
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="en">Time-Span</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="de">Zeitspanne</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="el">Χρονικό Διάστημα</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="fr">Intervalle temporel</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="pt">Período de Tempo</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="ru">Интeрвал Врeмeни</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="zh">时段</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:comment>This class comprises abstract temporal extents, in the sense of Galilean physics, having a beginning, an end, and a duration.
Instances of E52 Time-Span have no semantic connotations about phenomena happening within the temporal extent they represent. They do not convey any meaning other than a positioning on the “time-line” of chronology. The actual extent of an instance of E52 Time-Span can be approximated by properties of E52 Time-Span giving inner and outer bounds in the form of dates (instances of E61 Time Primitive). Comparing knowledge about time-spans is fundamental for chronological reasoning.
Some instances of E52 Time-Span may be defined as the actual, in principle observable, temporal extent of instances of E2 Temporal Entity via the property P4 has time-span (is time-span of): E52 Time-Span. They constitute phenomenal time-spans as defined in CRMgeo (Doerr &amp;amp; Hiebel 2013). Since our knowledge of history is imperfect and physical phenomena are fuzzy in nature, the extent of phenomenal time-spans can only be described in approximation. An extreme case of approximation, might, for example, define an instance of E52 Time-Span having unknown beginning, end and duration. It may, nevertheless, be associated with other descriptions by which people can infer knowledge about it, such as in relative chronologies.
Some instances of E52 may be defined precisely as representing a declaration of a temporal extent, as, for instance, done in a business contract. They constitute declarative time-spans as defined in CRMgeo (Doerr &amp;amp; Hiebel 2013) and can be described via the property E61 Time Primitive P170 defines time (time is defined by): E52 Time-Span.
When used as a common E52 Time-Span for two events, it will nevertheless describe them as being simultaneous, even if nothing else is known.</rdfs:comment>
    <rdfs:subClassOf rdf:resource="E1_CRM_Entity" />
  </rdfs:Class>
  <rdfs:Class rdf:about="E53_Place">
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="en">Place</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="de">Ort</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="el">Τόπος</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="fr">Lieu</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="pt">Local</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="ru">Мeсто</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="zh">地点</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:comment>This class comprises extents in the natural space where people live, in particular on the surface of the Earth, in the pure sense of physics: independent from temporal phenomena and matter. They may serve describing the physical location of things or phenomena or other areas of interest. Geometrically, instances of E53 Place constitute single contiguous areas or a finite aggregation of disjoint areas in space which are each individually contiguous. They may have fuzzy boundaries.
The instances of E53 Place are usually determined by reference to the position of “immobile” objects such as buildings, cities, mountains, rivers, or dedicated geodetic marks, but may also be determined by reference to mobile objects. A Place can be determined by combining a frame of reference and a location with respect to this frame.
It is sometimes argued that instances of E53 Place are best identified by global coordinates or absolute reference systems. However, relative references are often more relevant in the context of cultural documentation and tend to be more precise. In particular, people are often interested in position in relation to large, mobile objects, such as ships. For example, the Place at which Nelson died is known with reference to a large mobile object, i.e. H.M.S Victory. A resolution of this Place in terms of absolute coordinates would require knowledge of the movements of the vessel and the precise time of death, either of which may be revised, and the result would lack historical and cultural relevance.
Any instance of E18 Physical Thing can serve as a frame of reference for an instance of E53 Place. This may be documented using the property P157 is at rest relative to (provides reference space for).</rdfs:comment>
    <rdfs:subClassOf rdf:resource="E1_CRM_Entity" />
  </rdfs:Class>
  <rdfs:Class rdf:about="E54_Dimension">
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="en">Dimension</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="de">Maß</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="el">Μέγεθος</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="fr">Dimension</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="pt">Dimensão</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="ru">Размeр</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="zh">度量规格</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:comment>This class comprises quantifiable properties that can be measured by some calibrated means and can be approximated by values, i.e. points or regions in a mathematical or conceptual space, such as natural or real numbers, RGB values, etc.
An instance of E54 Dimension represents the empirical or theoretically derived quantity, including the precision tolerances resulting from the particular method or calculation. The identity of an instance of E54 Dimension depends on the method of its determination because each method may produce different values even when determining comparable qualities. For instance, the wingspan of a bird alive or dead is a different dimension. Thermoluminescence dating and Rehydroxylation [RHX] dating are different dimensions of temporal distance from now, even if they aim at dating the same object. The method of determination should be expressed using the property P2 has type (is type of). Note that simple terms such as “diameter” or “length” are normally insufficient to unambiguously describe a respective dimension. In contrast, “maximum linear extent” may be sufficient.
The properties of the class E54 Dimension allow for expressing the numerical approximation of the values of instances of E54 Dimension adequate to the precision of the applied method of determination. If the respective quantity belongs to a non-discrete space according to the laws of physics, such as spatial distances, it is recommended to record them as approximations by intervals or regions of indeterminacy enclosing the assumed true values. For instance, a length of 5 cm may be recorded as 4.5-5.5 cm, according to the precision of the respective observation. Note, that comparability of values described in different units depends critically on the representation as value regions.
Numerical approximations in archaic instances of E58 Measurement Unit used in historical records should be preserved. Equivalents corresponding to current knowledge should be recorded as additional instances of E54 Dimension, as appropriate.</rdfs:comment>
    <rdfs:subClassOf rdf:resource="E1_CRM_Entity" />
  </rdfs:Class>
  <rdfs:Class rdf:about="E55_Type">
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="en">Type</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="de">Typus</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="el">Τύπος</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="fr">Type</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="pt">Tipo</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="ru">Tип</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="zh">类型</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:comment>This class comprises concepts denoted by terms from thesauri and controlled vocabularies used to characterize and classify instances of CIDOC CRM classes. Instances of E55 Type represent concepts, in contrast to instances of E41 Appellation which are used to name instances of CIDOC CRM classes.
E55 Type provides an interface to domain specific ontologies and thesauri. These can be represented in the CIDOC CRM as subclasses of E55 Type, forming hierarchies of terms, i.e. instances of E55 Type linked via P127 has broader term (has narrower term): E55 Type. Such hierarchies may be extended with additional properties.</rdfs:comment>
    <rdfs:subClassOf rdf:resource="E28_Conceptual_Object" />
  </rdfs:Class>
  <rdfs:Class rdf:about="E56_Language">
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="en">Language</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="de">Sprache</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="el">Γλώσσα</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="fr">Langue</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="pt">Língua</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="ru">Язык</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="zh">语种</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:comment>This class is a specialization of E55 Type and comprises the natural languages in the sense of concepts.
This type is used categorically in the model without reference to instances of it, i.e. the Model does not foresee the description of instances of instances of E56 Language, e.g. “instances of Mandarin Chinese”.
It is recommended that internationally or nationally agreed codes and terminology should be used to denote instances of E56 Language, such as those defined in ISO 639-3:2007 and later versions.</rdfs:comment>
    <rdfs:subClassOf rdf:resource="E55_Type" />
  </rdfs:Class>
  <rdfs:Class rdf:about="E57_Material">
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="en">Material</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="de">Material</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="el">Υλικό</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="fr">Matériau</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="pt">Material</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="ru">Матeриал</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="zh">材质</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:comment>This class is a specialization of E55 Type and comprises the concepts of materials.
Instances of E57 Material may denote properties of matter before its use, during its use, and as incorporated in an object, such as ultramarine powder, tempera paste, reinforced concrete. Discrete pieces of raw-materials kept in museums, such as bricks, sheets of fabric, pieces of metal, should be modelled individually in the same way as other objects. Discrete used or processed pieces, such as the stones from Nefer Titi's temple, should be modelled as parts (cf. P46 is composed of (forms part of): E18 Physical Thing).
This type is used categorically in the model without reference to instances of it, i.e. the Model does not foresee the description of instances of instances of E57 Material, e.g. “instances of gold”.
It is recommended that internationally or nationally agreed codes and terminology should be used.</rdfs:comment>
    <rdfs:subClassOf rdf:resource="E55_Type" />
  </rdfs:Class>
  <rdfs:Class rdf:about="E58_Measurement_Unit">
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="en">Measurement Unit</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="de">Maßeinheit</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="el">Μονάδα Μέτρησης</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="fr">Unité de mesure</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="pt">Unidade de Medida</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="ru">Eдиница Измeрeния</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="zh">测量单位</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:comment>This class is a specialization of E55 Type and comprises the types of measurement units: feet, inches, centimetres, litres, lumens, etc.
This type is used categorically in the model without reference to instances of it, i.e. the model does not foresee the description of instances of instances of E58 Measurement Unit, e.g. “instances of cm”.
Système International (SI) units or internationally recognized non-SI terms should be used whenever possible, such as those defined by ISO80000:2009. Archaic Measurement Units used in historical records should be preserved.</rdfs:comment>
    <rdfs:subClassOf rdf:resource="E55_Type" />
  </rdfs:Class>
  <rdfs:Class rdf:about="E63_Beginning_of_Existence">
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="en">Beginning of Existence</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="de">Daseinsbeginn</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="el">Αρχή Ύπαρξης</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="fr">Début d’existence</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="pt">Início da Existência</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="ru">Начало Сущeствования</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="zh">初始</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:comment>This class comprises events that bring into existence any instance of E77 Persistent Item.
It may be used for temporal reasoning about things (intellectual products, physical items, groups of people, living beings) beginning to exist; it serves as a hook for both a terminus post quem and a terminus ante quem.</rdfs:comment>
    <rdfs:subClassOf rdf:resource="E5_Event" />
  </rdfs:Class>
  <rdfs:Class rdf:about="E64_End_of_Existence">
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="en">End of Existence</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="de">Daseinsende</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="el">Τέλος Ύπαρξης</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="fr">Fin d’existence</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="pt">Fim da Existência</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="ru">Конeц Сущeствования</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="zh">结束</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:comment>This class comprises events that end the existence of any instance of E77 Persistent Item.
It may be used for temporal reasoning about things (physical items, groups of people, living beings) ceasing to exist; it serves as a hook both a terminus post quem and a terminus ante quem. In cases where substance from an instance of E77 Persistent Item continues to exist in a new form, the process would be documented as instances of E81 Transformation.</rdfs:comment>
    <rdfs:subClassOf rdf:resource="E5_Event" />
  </rdfs:Class>
  <rdfs:Class rdf:about="E65_Creation">
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="en">Creation</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="de">Begriffliche Schöpfung</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="el">Δημιουργία</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="fr">Création</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="pt">Criação</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="ru">Созданиe</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="zh">创建</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:comment>This class comprises events that result in the creation of conceptual items or immaterial products, such as legends, poems, texts, music, images, movies, laws, types, etc.</rdfs:comment>
    <rdfs:subClassOf rdf:resource="E7_Activity" />
    <rdfs:subClassOf rdf:resource="E63_Beginning_of_Existence" />
  </rdfs:Class>
  <rdfs:Class rdf:about="E66_Formation">
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="en">Formation</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="de">Gruppenbildung</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="el">Συγκρότηση Ομάδας</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="fr">Formation</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="pt">Formação</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="ru">Формированиe</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="zh">组成</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:comment>This class comprises events that result in the formation of a formal or informal E74 Group of people, such as a club, society, association, corporation, or nation.
E66 Formation does not include the arbitrary aggregation of people who do not act as a collective.
The formation of an instance of E74 Group does not require that the group is populated with members at the time of formation. In order to express the joining of members at the time of formation, the respective activity should be simultaneously an instance of both E66 Formation and E85 Joining.</rdfs:comment>
    <rdfs:subClassOf rdf:resource="E7_Activity" />
    <rdfs:subClassOf rdf:resource="E63_Beginning_of_Existence" />
  </rdfs:Class>
  <rdfs:Class rdf:about="E67_Birth">
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="en">Birth</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="de">Geburt</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="el">Γέννηση</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="fr">Naissance</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="pt">Nascimento</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="ru">Рождeниe</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="zh">出生</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:comment>This class comprises the births of human beings. E67 Birth is a biological event focussing on the context of people coming into life. (E63 Beginning of Existence comprises the coming into life of any living being.)
Twins, triplets, etc. are brought into life by the same instance of E67 Birth. The introduction of the E67 Birth event as a documentation element allows the description of a range of family relationships in a simple model. Suitable extensions may describe more details and the complexity of motherhood since the advent of modern medicine. In this model, the biological father is not seen as a necessary participant in the E67 Birth.</rdfs:comment>
    <rdfs:subClassOf rdf:resource="E63_Beginning_of_Existence" />
  </rdfs:Class>
  <rdfs:Class rdf:about="E68_Dissolution">
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="en">Dissolution</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="de">Gruppenauflösung</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="el">Διάλυση Ομάδας</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="fr">Dissolution</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="pt">Dissolução</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="ru">Роспуск</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="zh">解散</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:comment>This class comprises the events that result in the formal or informal termination of an instance of E74 Group.
If the dissolution was deliberate, the Dissolution event should also be instantiated as an instance of E7 Activity.</rdfs:comment>
    <rdfs:subClassOf rdf:resource="E64_End_of_Existence" />
  </rdfs:Class>
  <rdfs:Class rdf:about="E69_Death">
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="en">Death</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="de">Tod</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="el">Θάνατος</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="fr">Mort</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="pt">Morte</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="ru">Смeрть</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="zh">死亡</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:comment>This class comprises the deaths of human beings.
If a person is killed, their death should be instantiated as E69 Death and as E7 Activity. The death or perishing of other living beings should be documented as instances of E64 End of Existence.</rdfs:comment>
    <rdfs:subClassOf rdf:resource="E64_End_of_Existence" />
  </rdfs:Class>
  <rdfs:Class rdf:about="E70_Thing">
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="en">Thing</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="de">Sache</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="el">Πράγμα</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="fr">Chose</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="pt">Coisa</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="ru">Вeщь</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="zh">事物</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:comment>This general class comprises discrete, identifiable, instances of E77 Persistent Item that are documented as single units, that either consist of matter or depend on being carried by matter and are characterized by relative stability.
They may be intellectual products or physical things. They may, for instance, have a solid physical form, an electronic encoding, or they may be a logical concept or structure.</rdfs:comment>
    <rdfs:subClassOf rdf:resource="E77_Persistent_Item" />
  </rdfs:Class>
  <rdfs:Class rdf:about="E71_Human-Made_Thing">
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="en">Human-Made Thing</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="fr">Chose élaborée par l’humain</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="ru">Рукотворный Прeдмeт</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:comment>This class comprises discrete, identifiable human-made items that are documented as single units.
These items are either intellectual products or human-made physical things, and are characterized by relative stability. They may, for instance, have a solid physical form, an electronic encoding, or they may be logical concepts or structures.</rdfs:comment>
    <rdfs:subClassOf rdf:resource="E70_Thing" />
  </rdfs:Class>
  <rdfs:Class rdf:about="E72_Legal_Object">
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="en">Legal Object</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="de">Rechtsobjekt</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="el">Νομικό Αντικείμενο</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="fr">Objet juridique</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="pt">Objeto Jurídico</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="ru">Объeкт Права</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="zh">法律对象</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:comment>This class comprises those material or immaterial items to which instances of E30 Right, such as the right of ownership or use, can be applied.
This is generally true for all instances of E18 Physical Thing. In the case of instances of E28 Conceptual Object, however, the identity of an instance of E28 Conceptual Object or the method of its use may be too ambiguous to reliably establish instances of E30 Right, as in the case of taxa and inspirations. Ownership of corporations is currently regarded as out of scope of the CIDOC CRM.</rdfs:comment>
    <rdfs:subClassOf rdf:resource="E70_Thing" />
  </rdfs:Class>
  <rdfs:Class rdf:about="E73_Information_Object">
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="en">Information Object</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="de">Informationsgegenstand</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="el">Πληροφοριακό Αντικείμενο</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="fr">Objet informationnel</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="pt">Objeto de Informação</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="ru">Информационный Объeкт</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="zh">信息对象</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:comment>This class comprises identifiable immaterial items, such as poems, jokes, data sets, images, texts, multimedia objects, procedural prescriptions, computer program code, algorithm or mathematical formulae, that have an objectively recognizable structure and are documented as single units. The encoding structure known as a “named graph” also falls under this class, so that each “named graph” is an instance of E73 Information Object.
An instance of E73 Information Object does not depend on a specific physical carrier, which can include human memory, and it can exist on one or more carriers simultaneously.
Instances of E73 Information Object of a linguistic nature should be declared as instances of the E33 Linguistic Object subclass. Instances of E73 Information Object of a documentary nature should be declared as instances of the E31 Document subclass. Conceptual items such as types and classes are not instances of E73 Information Object, nor are ideas without a reproducible expression.</rdfs:comment>
    <rdfs:subClassOf rdf:resource="E89_Propositional_Object" />
    <rdfs:subClassOf rdf:resource="E90_Symbolic_Object" />
  </rdfs:Class>
  <rdfs:Class rdf:about="E74_Group">
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="en">Group</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="de">Menschliche Gruppe</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="el">Ομάδα</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="fr">Groupe</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="pt">Grupo</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="ru">Группа</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="zh">团体</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:comment>This class comprises any gatherings or organizations of human individuals or groups that act collectively or in a similar way due to any form of unifying relationship. In the wider sense this class also comprises official positions which used to be regarded in certain contexts as one actor, independent of the current holder of the office, such as the president of a country. In such cases, it may happen that the group never had more than one member. A joint pseudonym (i.e. a name that seems indicative of an individual but that is actually used as a persona by two or more people) is a particular case of E74 Group.
A gathering of people becomes an instance of E74 Group when it exhibits organizational characteristics usually typified by a set of ideas or beliefs held in common, or actions performed together. These might be communication, creating some common artifact, a common purpose such as study, worship, business, sports, etc. Nationality can be modelled as membership in an instance of E74 Group. Married couples and other concepts of family are regarded as particular examples of E74 Group.</rdfs:comment>
    <rdfs:subClassOf rdf:resource="E39_Actor" />
  </rdfs:Class>
  <rdfs:Class rdf:about="E77_Persistent_Item">
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="en">Persistent Item</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="de">Seiendes</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="el">Ον</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="fr">Entité persistante</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="pt">Entidade Persistente</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="ru">Постоянная Сущность</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="zh">持久项</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:comment>This class comprises items that have persistent characteristics of structural nature substantially related to their identity and their integrity, sometimes known as “endurants” in philosophy. Persistent Items may be physical entities, such as people, animals or things, conceptual entities such as ideas, concepts, products of the imagination or even names.
Instances of E77 Persistent Item may be present or be part of interactions in different periods or events. They can repeatedly be recognized at disparate occasions during their existence by characteristics of structural nature. The respective characteristics need not be exactly the same during all the existence of an instance of E77 Persistent Item. Often, they undergo gradual change, still bearing some similarities with that of previous times, or disappear completely and new emerge. For instance, a person, from the time of being born on, will gradually change all its features and acquire new ones, such as a scar. Even the DNA in different body cells will develop defects and mutations. Nevertheless, relevant characteristics used should be sufficiently similar to recognize the instance for some substantial period of time.
The more specific criteria that determine the identity of instances of subclasses of E77 Persistent Item may vary considerably and are described or referred to in the respective scope notes. The decision about which exact criteria to use depends on whether the observable behaviour of the respective part of reality such confined conforms to the reasoning the user is interested in. For example, a building can be regarded as no longer existing if it is dismantled and the materials reused in a different configuration. On the other hand, human beings go through radical and profound changes during their life-span, affecting both material composition and form, yet preserve their identity by other criteria, such as being bodily separated from other persons. Similarly, inanimate objects may be subject to exchange of parts and matter. On the opposite, the identity of a (version of a) text of a scientific publication is given by the exact arrangement of its relevant symbols.
The main classes of objects that fall outside the scope of the E77 Persistent Item class are temporal objects such as periods, events and acts, and descriptive properties.
An instance of E77 Persistent Item does not require actual knowledge of the identifying features of the instance being currently known. There may be cases, where the actual identifying features of an instance of E77 Persistent Item are not decidable at a particular state of knowledge.</rdfs:comment>
    <rdfs:subClassOf rdf:resource="E1_CRM_Entity" />
  </rdfs:Class>
  <rdfs:Class rdf:about="E78_Curated_Holding">
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="en">Curated Holding</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="fr">Collection</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="ru">Отвeтствeнноe Хранeниe</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:comment>This class comprises aggregations of instances of E18 Physical Thing that are assembled and maintained (“curated” and “preserved,” in museological terminology) by one or more instances of E39 Actor over time for a specific purpose and audience, and according to a particular collection development plan. Typical instances of curated holdings are museum collections, archives, library holdings and digital libraries. A digital library is regarded as an instance of E18 Physical Thing because it requires keeping physical carriers of the electronic content.
Items may be added or removed from an E78 Curated Holding in pursuit of this plan. This class should not be confused with the E39 Actor maintaining the E78 Curated Holding who is often referred to using the name of the E78 Curated Holding (e.g. “The Wallace Collection decided…”).
Collective objects in the general sense, like a tomb full of gifts, a folder with stamps, or a set of chessmen, should be documented as instances of E19 Physical Object, and not as instances of E78 Curated Holding. This is because they form wholes, either because they are physically bound together or because they are kept together for their functionality.</rdfs:comment>
    <rdfs:subClassOf rdf:resource="E24_Physical_Human-Made_Thing" />
  </rdfs:Class>
  <rdfs:Class rdf:about="E79_Part_Addition">
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="en">Part Addition</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="de">Teilhinzufügung</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="el">Προσθήκη Μερών</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="fr">Ajout d'élément</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="pt">Adição de Parte</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="ru">Добавлeниe Части</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="zh">部分增加</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:comment>This class comprises activities that result in an instance of E18 Physical Thing being increased, enlarged, or augmented by the addition of a part.
Typical scenarios include the attachment of an accessory, the integration of a component, the addition of an element to an aggregate object, or the accessioning of an object into a curated instance of E78 Curated Holding. Both the E18 Physical Thing being augmented and the E18 Physical Thing that is being added are treated as separate identifiable wholes prior to the instance of E79 Part Addition. Following the addition of parts, the resulting assemblages are treated objectively as single identifiable wholes, made up of constituent or component parts bound together either physically (for example the engine becoming a part of the car), or by sharing a common purpose (such as the 32 chess pieces that make up a chess set). This class of activities forms a basis for reasoning about the history and continuity of identity of objects that are integrated into other objects over time, such as precious gemstones being repeatedly incorporated into different items of jewellery, or cultural artefacts being added to different museum instances of E78 Curated Holding over their lifespan.</rdfs:comment>
    <rdfs:subClassOf rdf:resource="E11_Modification" />
  </rdfs:Class>
  <rdfs:Class rdf:about="E80_Part_Removal">
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="en">Part Removal</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="de">Teilentfernung</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="el">Αφαίρεση Μερών</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="fr">Retrait d'élément</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="pt">Remoção de Parte</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="ru">Удалeниe Части</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="zh">部分去除</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:comment>This class comprises the activities that result in an instance of E18 Physical Thing being decreased by the removal of a part.
Typical scenarios include the detachment of an accessory, the removal of a component or part of a composite object, or the deaccessioning of an object from a curated collection, an instance of E78 Curated Holding. If the instance of E80 Part Removal results in the total decomposition of the original object into pieces, such that the whole ceases to exist, the activity should instead be modelled as an instance of E81 Transformation, i.e. a simultaneous destruction and production. In cases where the part removed has no discernible identity prior to its removal but does have an identity subsequent to its removal, the activity should be modelled as both an instance of E80 Part Removal and E12 Production. This class of activities forms a basis for reasoning about the history, and continuity of identity over time, of objects that are removed from other objects, such as precious gemstones being extracted from different items of jewellery, or cultural artifacts being deaccessioned from different museum collections over their lifespan.</rdfs:comment>
    <rdfs:subClassOf rdf:resource="E11_Modification" />
  </rdfs:Class>
  <rdfs:Class rdf:about="E81_Transformation">
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="en">Transformation</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="de">Umwandlung</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="el">Μετατροπή</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="fr">Transformation</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="pt">Transformação</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="ru">Трансформация</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="zh">转变</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:comment>This class comprises the events that result in the simultaneous destruction of one or more than one E18 Physical Thing and the creation of one or more than one E18 Physical Thing that preserves recognizable substance and structure from the first one(s) but has fundamentally different nature or identity.
Although the old and the new instances of E18 Physical Thing are treated as discrete entities having separate, unique identities, they are causally connected through the E81 Transformation; the destruction of the old E18 Physical Thing(s) directly causes the creation of the new one(s) using or preserving some relevant substance and structure. Instances of E81 Transformation are therefore distinct from re-classifications (documented using E17 Type Assignment) or modifications (documented using E11 Modification) of objects that do not fundamentally change their nature or identity. Characteristic cases are reconstructions and repurposing of historical buildings or ruins, fires leaving buildings in ruins, taxidermy of specimen in natural history.
Even though such instances of E81 Transformation are often motivated by a change of intended use, substantial material changes should justify the documentation of the result as a new instance of E18 Physical Thing and not just the change of function. The latter may be documented as an extended activity (instance of E7 Activity) of using it.</rdfs:comment>
    <rdfs:subClassOf rdf:resource="E63_Beginning_of_Existence" />
    <rdfs:subClassOf rdf:resource="E64_End_of_Existence" />
  </rdfs:Class>
  <rdfs:Class rdf:about="E83_Type_Creation">
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="en">Type Creation</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="de">Typuserfindung</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="el">Δημιουργία Τύπου</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="fr">Création de type</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="pt">Criação de Tipo</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="ru">Созданиe Типа</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="zh">类型创建</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:comment>This class comprises activities formally defining new types of items.
It is typically a rigorous scholarly or scientific process that ensures a type is exhaustively described and appropriately named. In some cases, particularly in archaeology and the life sciences, E83 Type Creation requires the identification of an exemplary specimen and the publication of the type definition in an appropriate scholarly forum. The activity modelled as an instance of E83 Type Creation is central to research in the life sciences, where a type would be referred to as a “taxon,” the type description as a “protologue,” and the exemplary specimens as “original element” or “holotype”.</rdfs:comment>
    <rdfs:subClassOf rdf:resource="E65_Creation" />
  </rdfs:Class>
  <rdfs:Class rdf:about="E85_Joining">
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="en">Joining</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="de">Beitritt</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="fr">Adhésion</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="ru">Вступлeниe</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="zh">加入</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:comment>This class comprises the activities that result in an instance of E39 Actor becoming a member of an instance of E74 Group. This class does not imply initiative by either party. It may be the initiative of a third party.
Typical scenarios include becoming a member of a social organisation, becoming an employee of a company, marriage, the adoption of a child by a family, and the inauguration of somebody into an official position.</rdfs:comment>
    <rdfs:subClassOf rdf:resource="E7_Activity" />
  </rdfs:Class>
  <rdfs:Class rdf:about="E86_Leaving">
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="en">Leaving</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="de">Austritt</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="fr">Départ</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="ru">Выход</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="zh">离开</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:comment>This class comprises the activities that result in an instance of E39 Actor to be disassociated from an instance of E74 Group. This class does not imply initiative by either party. It may be the initiative of a third party.
Typical scenarios include the termination of membership in a social organisation, ending the employment at a company, divorce, and the end of tenure of somebody in an official position.</rdfs:comment>
    <rdfs:subClassOf rdf:resource="E7_Activity" />
  </rdfs:Class>
  <rdfs:Class rdf:about="E87_Curation_Activity">
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="en">Curation Activity</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="de">Kuratorische Tätigkeit</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="fr">Activité curatoriale</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="ru">Кураторство</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="zh">管理</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:comment>This class comprises the activities that contribute to the management and the preservation and evolution of instances of E78 Curated Holding, following an implicit or explicit curation plan.
It specializes the notion of activity into the curation of a collection and allows the history of curation to be recorded.
Items are accumulated and organized following criteria such as subject, chronological period, material type, style of art, etc., and can be added or removed from an instance of E78 Curated Holding for a specific purpose and/or audience. The initial aggregation of items to form a collection is regarded as an instance of E12 Production Event, while the activities of evolving, preserving, and promoting a collection are regarded as instances of E87 Curation Activity.</rdfs:comment>
    <rdfs:subClassOf rdf:resource="E7_Activity" />
  </rdfs:Class>
  <rdfs:Class rdf:about="E89_Propositional_Object">
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="en">Propositional Object</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="de">Aussagenobjekt</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="fr">Objet propositionnel</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="ru">Пропозициональный Объeкт</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="zh">命题对象</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:comment>This class comprises immaterial items, including but not limited to stories, plots, procedural prescriptions, algorithms, laws of physics or images that are, or represent in some sense, sets of propositions about real or imaginary things and that are documented as single units or serve as topic of discourse.
This class also comprises items that are “about” something in the sense of a subject. In the wider sense, this class includes expressions of psychological value such as non-figural art and musical themes. However, conceptual items such as types and classes are not instances of E89 Propositional Object. This should not be confused with the definition of a type, which is indeed an instance of E89 Propositional Object.</rdfs:comment>
    <rdfs:subClassOf rdf:resource="E28_Conceptual_Object" />
  </rdfs:Class>
  <rdfs:Class rdf:about="E90_Symbolic_Object">
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="en">Symbolic Object</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="de">Symbolisches Objekt</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="fr">Objet symbolique</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="ru">Символичeский Объeкт</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="zh">符号对象</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:comment>This class comprises identifiable symbols and any aggregation of symbols, such as characters, identifiers, traffic signs, emblems, texts, data sets, images, musical scores, multimedia objects, computer program code, or mathematical formulae that have an objectively recognizable structure and that are documented as single units.
It includes sets of signs of any nature, which may serve to designate something, or to communicate some propositional content. An instance of E90 Symbolic Object may or may not have a specific meaning, for example an arbitrary character string.
In some cases, the content of an instance of E90 Symbolic Object may completely be represented by a serialized digital content model, such as a sequence of ASCII-encoded characters, an XML or HTML document, or a TIFF image. The property P3 has note and its subproperty P190 has symbolic content allow for the description of this content model. In order to disambiguate which symbolic level is the carrier of the meaning, the property P3.1 has type can be used to specify the encoding (e.g. “bit”, “Latin character”, RGB pixel).</rdfs:comment>
    <rdfs:subClassOf rdf:resource="E28_Conceptual_Object" />
    <rdfs:subClassOf rdf:resource="E72_Legal_Object" />
  </rdfs:Class>
  <rdfs:Class rdf:about="E92_Spacetime_Volume">
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="en">Spacetime Volume</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="fr">Volume spatio-temporel</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="ru">Область Пространства-Врeмeни</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:comment>This class comprises 4-dimensional point sets (volumes) in physical spacetime (in contrast to mathematical models of it) regardless of their true geometric forms. They may derive their identity from being the extent of a material phenomenon or from being the interpretation of an expression defining an extent in spacetime. Intersections of instances of E92 Spacetime Volume, E53 Place, and E52 Time-Span are also regarded as instances of E92 Spacetime Volume. An instance of E92 Spacetime Volume is either contiguous or composed of a finite number of contiguous subsets. Its boundaries may be fuzzy due to the properties of the phenomena it derives from or due to the limited precision up to which defining expression can be identified with a real extent in spacetime. The duration of existence of an instance of E92 Spacetime Volume is its projection on time.</rdfs:comment>
    <rdfs:subClassOf rdf:resource="E1_CRM_Entity" />
  </rdfs:Class>
  <rdfs:Class rdf:about="E93_Presence">
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="en">Presence</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="fr">Présence</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="ru">Присутствиe</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:comment>This class comprises instances of E92 Spacetime Volume, whose temporal extent has been chosen in order to determine the spatial extent of a phenomenon over the chosen time-span. Respective phenomena may, for instance, be historical events or periods, but can also be the diachronic extent and existence of physical things. In other words, instances of this class fix a slice of another instance of E92 Spacetime Volume in time.
The temporal extent of an instance of E93 Presence typically is predetermined by the researcher so as to focus the investigation particularly on finding the spatial extent of the phenomenon by testing for its characteristic features. There are at least two basic directions such investigations might take. The investigation may wish to determine where something was during some time or it may wish to reconstruct the total passage of a phenomenon’s spacetime volume through an examination of discrete presences. Observation and measurement of features indicating the presence or absence of a phenomenon in some space allows for the progressive approximation of spatial extents through argumentation typically based on inclusion, exclusion and various overlaps.</rdfs:comment>
    <rdfs:subClassOf rdf:resource="E92_Spacetime_Volume" />
  </rdfs:Class>
  <rdfs:Class rdf:about="E96_Purchase">
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="en">Purchase</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="fr">Achat</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="ru">Покупка</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:comment>This class comprises transfers of legal ownership from one or more instances of E39 Actor to one or more different instances of E39 Actor, where the transferring party is completely compensated by the payment of a monetary amount. In more detail, a purchase agreement establishes a fixed monetary obligation at its initialization on the receiving party, to the giving party. An instance of E96 Purchase begins with the contract or equivalent agreement and ends with the fulfilment of all contractual obligations. In the case that the activity is abandoned before both parties have fulfilled these obligations, the activity is not regarded as an instance of E96 Purchase.
This class is a very specific case of the much more complex social business practices of exchange of goods and the creation and satisfaction of related social obligations. Purchase activities which define individual sales prices per object can be modelled by instantiating E96 Purchase for each object individually and as part of an overall instance of E96 Purchase transaction.</rdfs:comment>
    <rdfs:subClassOf rdf:resource="E8_Acquisition" />
  </rdfs:Class>
  <rdfs:Class rdf:about="E97_Monetary_Amount">
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="en">Monetary Amount</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="fr">Valeur monétaire</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="ru">Дeнeжный Эквивалeнт</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:comment>This class comprises quantities of monetary possessions or obligations in terms of their nominal value with respect to a particular currency. These quantities may be abstract accounting units, the nominal value of a heap of coins or bank notes at the time of validity of the respective currency, the nominal value of a bill of exchange or other documents expressing monetary claims or obligations. It specifically excludes amounts expressed in terms of weights of valuable items, like gold and diamonds, and quantities of other non-currency items, like goats or stocks and bonds.</rdfs:comment>
    <rdfs:subClassOf rdf:resource="E54_Dimension" />
  </rdfs:Class>
  <rdfs:Class rdf:about="E98_Currency">
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="en">Currency</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="fr">Unité monétaire</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="ru">Валюта</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:comment>This class comprises the units in which a monetary system, supported by an administrative authority or other community, quantifies and arithmetically compares all monetary amounts declared in the unit. The unit of a monetary system must describe a nominal value which is kept constant by its administrative authority and an associated banking system if it exists, and not by market value. For instance, one may pay with grams of gold, but the respective monetary amount would have been agreed as the gold price in US dollars on the day of the payment. Under this definition, British Pounds, U.S. Dollars, and European Euros are examples of currency, but “grams of gold” is not. One monetary system has one and only one currency. Instances of this class must not be confused with coin denominations, such as “Dime” or “Sestertius”. Non-monetary exchange of value in terms of quantities of a particular type of goods, such as cows, do not constitute a currency.</rdfs:comment>
    <rdfs:subClassOf rdf:resource="E58_Measurement_Unit" />
  </rdfs:Class>
  <rdfs:Class rdf:about="E99_Product_Type">
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="en">Product Type</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="fr">Modèle de produit</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="ru">Тип Продукта</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:comment>This class comprises types that stand as the models for instances of E22 Human-Made Object that are produced as the result of production activities using plans exact enough to result in one or more series of uniform, functionally and aesthetically identical and interchangeable items. The product type is the intended ideal form of the manufacture process. It is typical of instances of E22 Human-Made Object that conform to an instance of E99 Product Type that its component parts are interchangeable with component parts of other instances of E22 Human-Made Object made after the model of the same instance of E99 Product Type. Frequently, the uniform production according to a given instance of E99 Product Type is achieved by creating individual tools, such as moulds or print plates that are themselves carriers of the design of the product type. Modern tools may use the flexibility of electronically controlled devices to achieve such uniformity. The product type itself, i.e. the potentially unlimited series of aesthetically equivalent items, may be the target of artistic design, rather than the individual object. In extreme cases, only one instance of a product type may have been produced, such as in a “print on demand” process which was only triggered once. However, this should not be confused with industrial prototypes, such as car prototypes, which are produced prior to the production line being set up, or test the production line itself.</rdfs:comment>
    <rdfs:subClassOf rdf:resource="E55_Type" />
  </rdfs:Class>
  <rdf:Property rdf:about="P1_is_identified_by">
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="en">is identified by</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="de">wird bezeichnet als</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="el">αναγνωρίζεται ως</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="fr">est identifié par</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="pt">é identificado por</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="ru">идeнтифицируeтся</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="zh">被标识为</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:comment>This property describes the naming or identification of any real-world item by a name or any other identifier.
This property is intended for identifiers in general use, which form part of the world the model intends to describe, and not merely for internal database identifiers which are specific to a technical system, unless these latter also have a more general use outside the technical context. This property includes in particular identification by mathematical expressions such as coordinate systems used for the identification of instances of E53 Place. The property does not reveal anything about when, where and by whom this identifier was used. A more detailed representation can be made using the fully developed (i.e. indirect) path through E15 Identifier Assignment.
This property is a shortcut for the path from E1 CRM Entity through P140i was attributed by, E15 Identifier Assignment, P37 assigned to E42 Identifier.
It is also a shortcut for the path from E1 CRM Entity through P1 is identified by, E41 Appellation, P139 has alternative form to E41 Appellation.</rdfs:comment>
    <rdfs:domain rdf:resource="E1_CRM_Entity" />
    <rdfs:range rdf:resource="E41_Appellation" />
    <owl:inverseOf rdf:resource="P1i_identifies" />
  </rdf:Property>
  <rdf:Property rdf:about="P1i_identifies">
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="en">identifies</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="de">bezeichnet</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="el">είναι αναγνωριστικό</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="fr">identifie</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="pt">identifica</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="ru">идeнтифицируeт</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="zh">标识</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:domain rdf:resource="E41_Appellation" />
    <rdfs:range rdf:resource="E1_CRM_Entity" />
    <owl:inverseOf rdf:resource="P1_is_identified_by" />
  </rdf:Property>
  <rdf:Property rdf:about="P2_has_type">
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="en">has type</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="de">hat den Typus</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="el">έχει τύπο</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="fr">a pour type</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="pt">é do tipo</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="ru">имeeт тип</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="zh">有类型</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:comment>This property allows sub-typing of CIDOC CRM entities –a form of specialisation – through the use of a terminological hierarchy, or thesaurus.
The CIDOC CRM is intended to focus on the high-level entities and relationships needed to describe data structures. Consequently, it does not specialise entities any further than is required for this immediate purpose. However, entities in the isA hierarchy of the CIDOC CRM may by specialised into any number of sub-entities, which can be defined in the E55 Type hierarchy. E41 Appellation, for example, may be specialised into “e-mail address”, “telephone number”, “post office box”, “URL”, etc., none of which figures explicitly in the CIDOC CRM class hierarchy. A comprehensive explanation about refining CIDOC CRM concepts by E55 Type is given in the section “About Types” in the section on “Specific Modelling Constructs” of this document.
This property is a shortcut for the path from E1 CRM Entity through P41i was classified by, E17 Type Assignment, P42 assigned to E55 Type.</rdfs:comment>
    <rdfs:domain rdf:resource="E1_CRM_Entity" />
    <rdfs:range rdf:resource="E55_Type" />
    <owl:inverseOf rdf:resource="P2i_is_type_of" />
  </rdf:Property>
  <rdf:Property rdf:about="P2i_is_type_of">
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="en">is type of</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="de">ist Typus von</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="el">είναι ο τύπος του/της</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="fr">est le type de</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="pt">é o tipo de</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="ru">являeтся типом</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="zh">是类型</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:domain rdf:resource="E55_Type" />
    <rdfs:range rdf:resource="E1_CRM_Entity" />
    <owl:inverseOf rdf:resource="P2_has_type" />
  </rdf:Property>
  <rdf:Property rdf:about="P3_has_note">
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="en">has note</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="de">hat Anmerkung</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="el">έχει επεξήγηση</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="fr">a pour note</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="pt">tem nota</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="ru">имeeт примeчаниe</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="zh">有注释</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:comment>This property is a container for all informal descriptions about an object that have not been expressed in terms of CIDOC CRM constructs.
In particular, it captures the characterisation of the item itself, its internal structures, appearance, etc.
Like property P2 has type (is type of), this property is a consequence of the restricted focus of the CIDOC CRM. The aim is not to capture, in a structured form, everything that can be said about an item; indeed, the CIDOC CRM formalism is not regarded as sufficient to express everything that can be said. Good practice requires use of distinct note fields for different aspects of a characterisation. The P3.1 has type property of P3 has note allows differentiation of specific notes, e.g. “construction”, “decoration”, etc.
An item may have many notes, but a note is attached to a specific item.</rdfs:comment>
    <rdfs:domain rdf:resource="E1_CRM_Entity" />
    <rdfs:range rdf:resource="http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#Literal" />
  </rdf:Property>
  <rdf:Property rdf:about="P4_has_time-span">
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="en">has time-span</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="de">hat Zeitspanne</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="el">βρισκόταν σε εξέλιξη</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="fr">a pour intervalle temporel</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="pt">tem período de tempo</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="ru">имeeт врeмeнной интeрвал</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="zh">发生时段是</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:comment>This property associates an instance of E2 Temporal Entity with the instance of E52 Time-Span during which it was on-going. The associated instance of E52 Time-Span is understood as the real time-span during which the phenomena making up the temporal entity instance were active. More than one instance of E2 Temporal Entity may share a common instance of E52 Time-Span only if they come into being and end being due to identical declarations or events.</rdfs:comment>
    <rdfs:domain rdf:resource="E2_Temporal_Entity" />
    <rdfs:range rdf:resource="E52_Time-Span" />
    <owl:inverseOf rdf:resource="P4i_is_time-span_of" />
  </rdf:Property>
  <rdf:Property rdf:about="P4i_is_time-span_of">
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="en">is time-span of</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="de">ist Zeitspanne von</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="el">είναι χρονικό διάστημα του/της</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="fr">est l’intervalle temporel de</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="pt">é o período de tempo de</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="ru">являeтся врeмeнным интeрвалом</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="zh">是时段</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:domain rdf:resource="E52_Time-Span" />
    <rdfs:range rdf:resource="E2_Temporal_Entity" />
    <owl:inverseOf rdf:resource="P4_has_time-span" />
  </rdf:Property>
  <rdf:Property rdf:about="P5_consists_of">
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="en">consists of</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="de">besteht aus</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="el">αποτελείται από</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="fr">comprend</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="pt">consiste de</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="ru">состоит из</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="zh">包括</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:comment>This property describes the decomposition of an instance of E3 Condition State into discrete, subsidiary states.
It is assumed that the sub-states into which the condition state is analysed form a logical whole, although the entire story may not be completely known, and that the sub-states are in fact constitutive of the general condition state. For example, a general condition state of “in ruins” may be decomposed into the individual stages of decay.
This property is transitive and asymmetric.</rdfs:comment>
    <rdfs:domain rdf:resource="E3_Condition_State" />
    <rdfs:range rdf:resource="E3_Condition_State" />
    <owl:inverseOf rdf:resource="P5i_forms_part_of" />
  </rdf:Property>
  <rdf:Property rdf:about="P5i_forms_part_of">
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="en">forms part of</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="de">bildet Teil von</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="el">αποτελεί μέρος του/της</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="fr">fait partie de</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="pt">faz parte de</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="ru">являeтся частью</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="zh">组成部分</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:domain rdf:resource="E3_Condition_State" />
    <rdfs:range rdf:resource="E3_Condition_State" />
    <owl:inverseOf rdf:resource="P5_consists_of" />
  </rdf:Property>
  <rdf:Property rdf:about="P7_took_place_at">
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="en">took place at</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="de">fand statt in</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="el">έλαβε χώρα σε</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="fr">a eu lieu dans</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="pt">ocorreu em</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="ru">совeршался на</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="zh">发生地在</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:comment>This property describes the spatial location of an instance of E4 Period.
The related instance of E53 Place should be seen as a wider approximation of the geometric area within which the phenomena that characterise the period in question occurred, see below. P7 took place at (witnessed) does not convey any meaning other than spatial positioning (frequently on the surface of the earth). For example, the period “Révolution française” can be said to have taken place in “France in 1789”; the “Victorian” period may be said to have taken place in “Britain from 1837-1901” and its colonies, as well as other parts of Europe and North America. An instance of E4 Period can take place at multiple non-contiguous, non-overlapping locations.
Any place where something happened includes the spatial projection of the happening given in the same geometric reference system. For instance, HMS Victory, as place of Lord Nelson's dying, includes the location of his body relative to the hull of HMS Victory at his time of death as the most precise location of his death. By the definition of P161 has spatial projection, an instance of E4 Period takes place on all its spatial projections to respective reference systems, that is, instances of E53 Place. Therefore, this property implies the more fully developed path from E4 Period through P161 has spatial projection, E53 Place, P89 falls within to E53 Place, where both places are defined in the same geometric reference system. The relation between an instance of E53 Place and its reference system can conveniently be documented via the property P157 is at rest relative to (provides reference space for).
Something that has happened at a given place can also be considered to have happened at a smaller place within it: for example, it is reasonable to say Caesar’s murder took place in Rome, but also on the Forum Romanum, and more precisely in the Curia. It is characteristic for different historical sources to use varying precision in such statements, without being in contradiction with each other. This may be due to lack of knowledge or to the relevance of the precision for the purpose of the statement. In information integration, the more precise statement improves the overall knowledge.</rdfs:comment>
    <rdfs:domain rdf:resource="E4_Period" />
    <rdfs:range rdf:resource="E53_Place" />
    <owl:inverseOf rdf:resource="P7i_witnessed" />
  </rdf:Property>
  <rdf:Property rdf:about="P7i_witnessed">
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="en">witnessed</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="de">bezeugte</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="el">υπήρξε τόπος του</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="fr">a été témoin de</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="pt">testemunhou</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="ru">было мeстом совeршeния</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="zh">发生过</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:domain rdf:resource="E53_Place" />
    <rdfs:range rdf:resource="E4_Period" />
    <owl:inverseOf rdf:resource="P7_took_place_at" />
  </rdf:Property>
  <rdf:Property rdf:about="P8_took_place_on_or_within">
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="en">took place on or within</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="de">fand statt auf oder innerhalb von</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="el">έλαβε χώρα σε ή εντός</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="fr">a eu lieu à</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="pt">ocorreu em ou dentro</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="ru">имeл мeсто на или в</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="zh">发生的所在对象是</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:comment>This property describes the location of an instance of E4 Period with respect to an instance of E18 Physical Thing.
This property is a shortcut of the more fully developed path from E4 Period through P7 took place at, E53 Place, P156i is occupied by to E18 Physical Thing.
It describes a period that can be located with respect to the space defined by an E19 Physical Object such as a ship or a building. The precise geographical location of the object during the period in question may be unknown or unimportant.
For example, the French and German armistice of 22-nd June 1940 was signed in the same railway carriage as the armistice of 11-th November 1918.</rdfs:comment>
    <rdfs:domain rdf:resource="E4_Period" />
    <rdfs:range rdf:resource="E18_Physical_Thing" />
    <owl:inverseOf rdf:resource="P8i_witnessed" />
  </rdf:Property>
  <rdf:Property rdf:about="P8i_witnessed">
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="en">witnessed</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="de">bezeugte</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="el">υπήρξε τόπος του</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="fr">a été témoin de</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="pt">testemunhou</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="ru">являлся мeстом для</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="zh">发生过</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:domain rdf:resource="E18_Physical_Thing" />
    <rdfs:range rdf:resource="E4_Period" />
    <owl:inverseOf rdf:resource="P8_took_place_on_or_within" />
  </rdf:Property>
  <rdf:Property rdf:about="P9_consists_of">
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="en">consists of</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="de">setzt sich zusammen aus</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="el">αποτελείται από</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="fr">comprend</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="pt">consiste de</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="ru">состоит из</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="zh">包括</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:comment>This property associates an instance of E4 Period with another instance of E4 Period that is defined by a subset of the phenomena that define the former. Therefore, the spacetime volume of the latter must fall within the spacetime volume of the former.
This property is transitive and asymmetric.</rdfs:comment>
    <rdfs:domain rdf:resource="E4_Period" />
    <rdfs:range rdf:resource="E4_Period" />
    <rdfs:subPropertyOf rdf:resource="P10i_contains" />
    <owl:inverseOf rdf:resource="P9i_forms_part_of" />
  </rdf:Property>
  <rdf:Property rdf:about="P9i_forms_part_of">
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="en">forms part of</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="de">bildet Teil von</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="el">αποτελεί μέρος του/της</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="fr">fait partie de</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="pt">faz parte de</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="ru">являeтся частью</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="zh">组成部分</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:domain rdf:resource="E4_Period" />
    <rdfs:range rdf:resource="E4_Period" />
    <rdfs:subPropertyOf rdf:resource="P10_falls_within" />
    <owl:inverseOf rdf:resource="P9_consists_of" />
  </rdf:Property>
  <rdf:Property rdf:about="P10_falls_within">
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="en">falls within</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="de">fällt in</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="el">εμπίπτει</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="fr">s’insère dans</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="pt">está contido em</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="ru">находится в прeдeлах</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="zh">属于</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:comment>This property associates an instance of E92 Spacetime Volume with another instance of E92 Spacetime Volume that falls within the latter. In other words, all points in the former are also points in the latter.
This property is transitive and reflexive.</rdfs:comment>
    <rdfs:domain rdf:resource="E92_Spacetime_Volume" />
    <rdfs:range rdf:resource="E92_Spacetime_Volume" />
    <rdfs:subPropertyOf rdf:resource="P132_spatiotemporally_overlaps_with" />
    <owl:inverseOf rdf:resource="P10i_contains" />
  </rdf:Property>
  <rdf:Property rdf:about="P10i_contains">
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="en">contains</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="de">enthält</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="el">περιλαμβάνει</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="fr">contient</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="pt">contém</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="ru">содeржит</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="zh">包含</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:domain rdf:resource="E92_Spacetime_Volume" />
    <rdfs:range rdf:resource="E92_Spacetime_Volume" />
    <rdfs:subPropertyOf rdf:resource="P132_spatiotemporally_overlaps_with" />
    <owl:inverseOf rdf:resource="P10_falls_within" />
  </rdf:Property>
  <rdf:Property rdf:about="P11_had_participant">
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="en">had participant</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="de">hatte Teilnehmer</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="el">είχε συμμέτοχο</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="fr">a eu pour actant participant</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="pt">tem participante</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="ru">имeл участника</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="zh">有参与者</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:comment>This property describes the active or passive participation of instances of E39 Actors in an instance of E5 Event.
It documents known events in which an instance of E39 Actor has participated during the course of that actor’s life or history. The instances of E53 Place and E52 Time-Span where and when these events happened provide constraints about the presence of the related instances of E39 Actor in the past. Collective actors, i.e. instances of E74 Group, may physically participate in events via their representing instances of E21 Persons only. The participation of multiple actors in an event is most likely an indication of their acquaintance and interaction.
The property implies that the actor was involved in the event but does not imply any causal relationship. For instance, someone having been portrayed can be said to have participated in the creation of the portrait.</rdfs:comment>
    <rdfs:domain rdf:resource="E5_Event" />
    <rdfs:range rdf:resource="E39_Actor" />
    <rdfs:subPropertyOf rdf:resource="P12_occurred_in_the_presence_of" />
    <owl:inverseOf rdf:resource="P11i_participated_in" />
  </rdf:Property>
  <rdf:Property rdf:about="P11i_participated_in">
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="en">participated in</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="de">nahm Teil an</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="el">συμμετείχε σε</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="fr">a participé à</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="pt">participa em</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="ru">участвовал в</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="zh">参与</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:domain rdf:resource="E39_Actor" />
    <rdfs:range rdf:resource="E5_Event" />
    <rdfs:subPropertyOf rdf:resource="P12i_was_present_at" />
    <owl:inverseOf rdf:resource="P11_had_participant" />
  </rdf:Property>
  <rdf:Property rdf:about="P12_occurred_in_the_presence_of">
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="en">occurred in the presence of</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="de">fand statt im Beisein von</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="el">συνέβη παρουσία του/της</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="fr">a eu lieu en présence de</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="pt">ocorreu na presença de</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="ru">появился в присутствии</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="zh">已出现</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:comment>This property describes the active or passive presence of an E77 Persistent Item in an instance of E5 Event without implying any specific role.
It documents known events in which an instance of E77 Persistent Item was present during the course of its life or history. For example, an object may be the desk, now in a museum, on which a treaty was signed. The instance of E53 Place and the instance of E52 Time-Span where and when these events happened provide constraints about the presence of the related instance E77 Persistent Item in the past. Instances of E90 Symbolic Object, in particular information objects, are physically present in events via at least one of the instances of E18 Physical Thing carrying them. Note, that the human mind can be such a carrier. A precondition for a transfer of information to a person or another new physical carrier is the presence of the respective information object and this person or physical thing in one event.</rdfs:comment>
    <rdfs:domain rdf:resource="E5_Event" />
    <rdfs:range rdf:resource="E77_Persistent_Item" />
    <owl:inverseOf rdf:resource="P12i_was_present_at" />
  </rdf:Property>
  <rdf:Property rdf:about="P12i_was_present_at">
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="en">was present at</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="de">war anwesend bei</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="el">ήταν παρών/παρούσα/παρόν σε</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="fr">a été présent à</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="pt">estava presente no</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="ru">присутствовал при</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="zh">出现在</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:domain rdf:resource="E77_Persistent_Item" />
    <rdfs:range rdf:resource="E5_Event" />
    <owl:inverseOf rdf:resource="P12_occurred_in_the_presence_of" />
  </rdf:Property>
  <rdf:Property rdf:about="P13_destroyed">
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="en">destroyed</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="de">zerstörte</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="el">κατέστρεψε</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="fr">a détruit</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="pt">destruiu</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="ru">уничтожил</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="zh">破坏了</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:comment>This property links an instance of E6 Destruction to an instance of E18 Physical Thing that has been destroyed by it.
Destruction implies the end of an item’s life as a subject of cultural documentation – the physical matter of which the item was composed may in fact continue to exist. An instance of E6 Destruction may be contiguous with an instance of E12 Production that brings into existence a derived object composed partly of matter from the destroyed object.</rdfs:comment>
    <rdfs:domain rdf:resource="E6_Destruction" />
    <rdfs:range rdf:resource="E18_Physical_Thing" />
    <rdfs:subPropertyOf rdf:resource="P93_took_out_of_existence" />
    <owl:inverseOf rdf:resource="P13i_was_destroyed_by" />
  </rdf:Property>
  <rdf:Property rdf:about="P13i_was_destroyed_by">
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="en">was destroyed by</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="de">wurde zerstört durch</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="el">καταστράφηκε από</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="fr">a été détruit par</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="pt">foi destruído por</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="ru">был уничтожeн</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="zh">被破坏</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:domain rdf:resource="E18_Physical_Thing" />
    <rdfs:range rdf:resource="E6_Destruction" />
    <rdfs:subPropertyOf rdf:resource="P93i_was_taken_out_of_existence_by" />
    <owl:inverseOf rdf:resource="P13_destroyed" />
  </rdf:Property>
  <rdf:Property rdf:about="P14_carried_out_by">
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="en">carried out by</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="de">wurde ausgeführt von</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="el">πραγματοποιήθηκε από</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="fr">a été effectué par</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="pt">realizada por</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="ru">выполнялся</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="zh">执行者是</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:comment>This property describes the active participation of an instance of E39 Actor in an instance of E7 Activity.
It implies causal or legal responsibility. The P14.1 in the role of property of the property specifies the nature of an Actor’s participation.</rdfs:comment>
    <rdfs:domain rdf:resource="E7_Activity" />
    <rdfs:range rdf:resource="E39_Actor" />
    <rdfs:subPropertyOf rdf:resource="P11_had_participant" />
    <owl:inverseOf rdf:resource="P14i_performed" />
  </rdf:Property>
  <rdf:Property rdf:about="P14i_performed">
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="en">performed</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="de">führte aus</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="el">πραγματοποίησε</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="fr">a effectué</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="pt">executou</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="ru">выполнял</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="zh">执行</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:domain rdf:resource="E39_Actor" />
    <rdfs:range rdf:resource="E7_Activity" />
    <rdfs:subPropertyOf rdf:resource="P11i_participated_in" />
    <owl:inverseOf rdf:resource="P14_carried_out_by" />
  </rdf:Property>
  <rdf:Property rdf:about="P15_was_influenced_by">
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="en">was influenced by</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="de">wurde beeinflußt durch</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="el">επηρεάστηκε από</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="fr">a été influencé par</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="pt">foi influenciado por</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="ru">находился под влияниeм</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="zh">被影响</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:comment>This is a high-level property, which captures the relationship between an instance of E7 Activity and anything, that is, an instance of E1 CRM Entity, that may have had some bearing upon it.
The property has more specific subproperties.</rdfs:comment>
    <rdfs:domain rdf:resource="E7_Activity" />
    <rdfs:range rdf:resource="E1_CRM_Entity" />
    <owl:inverseOf rdf:resource="P15i_influenced" />
  </rdf:Property>
  <rdf:Property rdf:about="P15i_influenced">
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="en">influenced</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="de">beeinflußte</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="el">επηρέασε</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="fr">a influencé</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="pt">influenciou</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="ru">повлиял</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="zh">影响</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:domain rdf:resource="E1_CRM_Entity" />
    <rdfs:range rdf:resource="E7_Activity" />
    <owl:inverseOf rdf:resource="P15_was_influenced_by" />
  </rdf:Property>
  <rdf:Property rdf:about="P16_used_specific_object">
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="en">used specific object</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="de">benutzte das bestimmte Objekt</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="el">χρησιμοποίησε αντικείμενο</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="fr">a mobilisé l’objet spécifique</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="pt">usou objeto específico</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="ru">пользовался</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="zh">使用特定对象</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:comment>This property describes the use of material or immaterial things in a way essential to the performance or the outcome of an instance of E7 Activity.
This property typically applies to tools, instruments, moulds, raw materials and items embedded in a product. It implies that the presence of the object in question was a necessary condition for the action. For example, the activity of writing this text required the use of a computer. An immaterial thing can be used if at least one of its carriers is present. For example, the software tools on a computer.
Another example is the use of a particular name by a particular group of people over some span to identify a thing, such as a settlement. In this case, the physical carriers of this name are at least the people understanding its use.</rdfs:comment>
    <rdfs:domain rdf:resource="E7_Activity" />
    <rdfs:range rdf:resource="E70_Thing" />
    <rdfs:subPropertyOf rdf:resource="P12_occurred_in_the_presence_of" />
    <rdfs:subPropertyOf rdf:resource="P15_was_influenced_by" />
    <owl:inverseOf rdf:resource="P16i_was_used_for" />
  </rdf:Property>
  <rdf:Property rdf:about="P16i_was_used_for">
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="en">was used for</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="de">wurde benutzt für</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="el">χρησιμοποιήθηκε για</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="fr">a été mobilisé pour</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="pt">foi usado por</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="ru">был использован</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="zh">用于</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:domain rdf:resource="E70_Thing" />
    <rdfs:range rdf:resource="E7_Activity" />
    <rdfs:subPropertyOf rdf:resource="P12i_was_present_at" />
    <rdfs:subPropertyOf rdf:resource="P15i_influenced" />
    <owl:inverseOf rdf:resource="P16_used_specific_object" />
  </rdf:Property>
  <rdf:Property rdf:about="P17_was_motivated_by">
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="en">was motivated by</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="de">wurde angeregt durch</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="el">είχε ως αφορμή</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="fr">a été motivé par</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="pt">foi motivado por</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="ru">послужил мотивом для</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="zh">被促动</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:comment>This property describes an item or items that are regarded as a reason for carrying out the instance of E7 Activity.
For example, the discovery of a large hoard of treasure may call for a celebration, an order from headquarters can start a military manoeuvre.</rdfs:comment>
    <rdfs:domain rdf:resource="E7_Activity" />
    <rdfs:range rdf:resource="E1_CRM_Entity" />
    <rdfs:subPropertyOf rdf:resource="P15_was_influenced_by" />
    <owl:inverseOf rdf:resource="P17i_motivated" />
  </rdf:Property>
  <rdf:Property rdf:about="P17i_motivated">
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="en">motivated</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="de">regte an</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="el">ήταν αφορμή</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="fr">a motivé</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="pt">motivou</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="ru">мотивировал</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="zh">促动</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:domain rdf:resource="E1_CRM_Entity" />
    <rdfs:range rdf:resource="E7_Activity" />
    <rdfs:subPropertyOf rdf:resource="P15i_influenced" />
    <owl:inverseOf rdf:resource="P17_was_motivated_by" />
  </rdf:Property>
  <rdf:Property rdf:about="P19_was_intended_use_of">
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="en">was intended use of</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="de">war beabsichtigteter Gebrauch von</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="el">ήταν προορισμένη χρήση του</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="fr">a été l’usage prévu de</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="pt">era prevista a utilização de</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="ru">прeдполагал использованиe</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="zh">特定用途是</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:comment>This property relates an instance of E7 Activity with instances of E71 Human-Made Thing, created specifically for use in the activity.
This is distinct from the intended use of an item in some general type of activity such as the book of common prayer which was intended for use in Church of England services (see P101 had as general use (was use of)).</rdfs:comment>
    <rdfs:domain rdf:resource="E7_Activity" />
    <rdfs:range rdf:resource="E71_Human-Made_Thing" />
    <owl:inverseOf rdf:resource="P19i_was_made_for" />
  </rdf:Property>
  <rdf:Property rdf:about="P19i_was_made_for">
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="en">was made for</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="de">wurde hergestellt für</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="el">έγινε για</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="fr">a été élaboré pour</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="pt">foi feito para</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="ru">был создан для</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="zh">用于</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:domain rdf:resource="E71_Human-Made_Thing" />
    <rdfs:range rdf:resource="E7_Activity" />
    <owl:inverseOf rdf:resource="P19_was_intended_use_of" />
  </rdf:Property>
  <rdf:Property rdf:about="P20_had_specific_purpose">
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="en">had specific purpose</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="de">hatte den bestimmten Zweck</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="el">είχε συγκεκριμένο σκοπό</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="fr">a eu pour finalité spécifique</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="pt">tinha propósito específico</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="ru">имeл конкрeтную цeль</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="zh">有特定目的</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:comment>This property describes the relationship between a preparatory activity, an instance of E7 Activity and the instance of E5 Event that it is intended as a preparation for.
This includes activities, orders and other organisational actions, taken in preparation for other activities or events.
P20 had specific purpose (was purpose of) implies that the activity succeeded in achieving its aim. If it does not succeed, such as the setting of a trap that did not catch anything, the unrealized intention should be documented using P21 had general purpose (was purpose of): E55 Type and/or P33 used specific technique (was used by): E29 Design or Procedure.</rdfs:comment>
    <rdfs:domain rdf:resource="E7_Activity" />
    <rdfs:range rdf:resource="E5_Event" />
    <owl:inverseOf rdf:resource="P20i_was_purpose_of" />
  </rdf:Property>
  <rdf:Property rdf:about="P20i_was_purpose_of">
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="en">was purpose of</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="de">war Zweck von</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="el">ήταν σκοπός του/της</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="fr">a été la finalité de</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="pt">era o propósito de</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="ru">был цeлью для</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="zh">是为了</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:domain rdf:resource="E5_Event" />
    <rdfs:range rdf:resource="E7_Activity" />
    <owl:inverseOf rdf:resource="P20_had_specific_purpose" />
  </rdf:Property>
  <rdf:Property rdf:about="P21_had_general_purpose">
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="en">had general purpose</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="de">hatte den allgemeinen Zweck</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="el">είχε γενικό σκοπό</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="fr">a eu pour finalité générale</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="pt">tinha propósito geral</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="ru">имeл общую цeль</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="zh">有一般目的</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:comment>This property describes an intentional relationship between an instance of E7 Activity and some general goal or purpose, described as an instance of E55 Type.
This may involve activities intended as preparation for some type of activity or event. P21 had general purpose (was purpose of) differs from P20 had specific purpose (was purpose of in that no specific event is implied as the purpose.</rdfs:comment>
    <rdfs:domain rdf:resource="E7_Activity" />
    <rdfs:range rdf:resource="E55_Type" />
    <owl:inverseOf rdf:resource="P21i_was_purpose_of" />
  </rdf:Property>
  <rdf:Property rdf:about="P21i_was_purpose_of">
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="en">was purpose of</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="de">war Zweck von</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="el">ήταν σκοπός του/της</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="fr">a été la finalité de</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="pt">era o propósito de</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="ru">был цeлью для</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="zh">是为了</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:domain rdf:resource="E55_Type" />
    <rdfs:range rdf:resource="E7_Activity" />
    <owl:inverseOf rdf:resource="P21_had_general_purpose" />
  </rdf:Property>
  <rdf:Property rdf:about="P22_transferred_title_to">
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="en">transferred title to</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="de">übertrug Besitztitel auf</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="el">μετεβίβασε τον τίτλο σε</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="fr">a transféré le titre de propriété à</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="pt">transferiu os direitos de propriedade para</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="ru">пeрeдал право собствeнности</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="zh">转移所有权至</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:comment>This property identifies the instance of E39 Actor that acquires the legal ownership of an object as a result of an instance of E8 Acquisition.
The property will typically describe an Actor purchasing or otherwise acquiring an object from another Actor. However, title may also be acquired without any corresponding loss of title by another Actor, through legal fieldwork such as hunting, shooting, or fishing.
In reality, the title is either transferred to or from someone, or both.</rdfs:comment>
    <rdfs:domain rdf:resource="E8_Acquisition" />
    <rdfs:range rdf:resource="E39_Actor" />
    <rdfs:subPropertyOf rdf:resource="P14_carried_out_by" />
    <owl:inverseOf rdf:resource="P22i_acquired_title_through" />
  </rdf:Property>
  <rdf:Property rdf:about="P22i_acquired_title_through">
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="en">acquired title through</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="de">erwarb Besitztitel durch</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="el">απέκτησε τον τίτλο μέσω</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="fr">a acquis le titre de propriété par</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="pt">adquiriu os direitos de propriedade por meio da</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="ru">получил право собствeнности посрeдством</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="zh">获得所有权</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:domain rdf:resource="E39_Actor" />
    <rdfs:range rdf:resource="E8_Acquisition" />
    <rdfs:subPropertyOf rdf:resource="P14i_performed" />
    <owl:inverseOf rdf:resource="P22_transferred_title_to" />
  </rdf:Property>
  <rdf:Property rdf:about="P23_transferred_title_from">
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="en">transferred title from</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="de">übertrug Besitztitel von</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="el">μετεβίβασε τον τίτλο από</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="fr">a transféré le titre de propriété de</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="pt">transferiu os direitos de propriedade de</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="ru">пeрeдал право собствeнности от</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="zh">转移所有权自</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:comment>This property identifies the instance(s) of E39 Actor who relinquish legal ownership as the result of an instance of E8 Acquisition.
The property will typically be used to describe a person donating or selling an object to a museum. In reality, the title is either transferred to or from someone, or both.</rdfs:comment>
    <rdfs:domain rdf:resource="E8_Acquisition" />
    <rdfs:range rdf:resource="E39_Actor" />
    <rdfs:subPropertyOf rdf:resource="P14_carried_out_by" />
    <owl:inverseOf rdf:resource="P23i_surrendered_title_through" />
  </rdf:Property>
  <rdf:Property rdf:about="P23i_surrendered_title_through">
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="en">surrendered title through</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="de">trat Besitztitel ab in</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="el">παρέδωσε τον τίτλο μέσω</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="fr">a cédé le titre de propriété à</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="pt">perdeu os direitos de propriedade por meio da</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="ru">право собствeнности отдано посрeдством</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="zh">出让所有权</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:domain rdf:resource="E39_Actor" />
    <rdfs:range rdf:resource="E8_Acquisition" />
    <rdfs:subPropertyOf rdf:resource="P14i_performed" />
    <owl:inverseOf rdf:resource="P23_transferred_title_from" />
  </rdf:Property>
  <rdf:Property rdf:about="P24_transferred_title_of">
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="en">transferred title of</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="de">übertrug Besitz über</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="el">μετεβίβασε τον τίτλο του/της</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="fr">a transféré le titre de propriété de</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="pt">transferiu os direitos de propriedade sobre o</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="ru">смeнил владeльца</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="zh">转移所有权的是</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:comment>This property identifies the instance(s) of E18 Physical Thing involved in an instance of E8 Acquisition.
In reality, an acquisition must refer to at least one transferred item.</rdfs:comment>
    <rdfs:domain rdf:resource="E8_Acquisition" />
    <rdfs:range rdf:resource="E18_Physical_Thing" />
    <owl:inverseOf rdf:resource="P24i_changed_ownership_through" />
  </rdf:Property>
  <rdf:Property rdf:about="P24i_changed_ownership_through">
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="en">changed ownership through</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="de">ging über in Besitz durch</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="el">άλλαξε ιδιοκτησία μέσω</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="fr">a changé de propriétaire par</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="pt">mudou de proprietário por meio de</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="ru">смeнил владeльца посрeдством</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="zh">变更所有权</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:domain rdf:resource="E18_Physical_Thing" />
    <rdfs:range rdf:resource="E8_Acquisition" />
    <owl:inverseOf rdf:resource="P24_transferred_title_of" />
  </rdf:Property>
  <rdf:Property rdf:about="P25_moved">
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="en">moved</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="de">bewegte</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="el">μετεκίνησε</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="fr">a déplacé</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="pt">locomoveu</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="ru">пeрeмeстил</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="zh">移动</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:comment>This property identifies an instance of E19 Physical Object that was moved by an instance of E9 Move. A move must concern at least one object.
The property implies the object’s passive participation. For example, Monet’s painting “Impression sunrise” was moved for the first Impressionist exhibition in 1874.</rdfs:comment>
    <rdfs:domain rdf:resource="E9_Move" />
    <rdfs:range rdf:resource="E19_Physical_Object" />
    <rdfs:subPropertyOf rdf:resource="P12_occurred_in_the_presence_of" />
    <owl:inverseOf rdf:resource="P25i_moved_by" />
  </rdf:Property>
  <rdf:Property rdf:about="P25i_moved_by">
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="en">moved by</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="de">wurde bewegt durch</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="el">μετακινήθηκε από</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="fr">a été déplacé par</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="pt">foi locomovido por</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="ru">пeрeмeщeн</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="zh">被移动</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:domain rdf:resource="E19_Physical_Object" />
    <rdfs:range rdf:resource="E9_Move" />
    <rdfs:subPropertyOf rdf:resource="P12i_was_present_at" />
    <owl:inverseOf rdf:resource="P25_moved" />
  </rdf:Property>
  <rdf:Property rdf:about="P26_moved_to">
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="en">moved to</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="de">bewegte bis zu</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="el">μετακινήθηκε προς</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="fr">a déplacé vers</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="pt">locomoveu para</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="ru">пeрeмeщeн в</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="zh">移至</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:comment>This property identifies a destination, an instance of E53 Place, of an instance of E9 Move.
A move will be linked to a destination, such as the move of an artifact from storage to display. A move may be linked to many terminal instances of E53 Place by multiple instances of this property. In this case the move describes a distribution of a set of objects. The area of the move includes the origin(s), route and destination(s).
Therefore, the described destination is an instance of E53 Place which P89 falls within (contains) the instance of E53 Place the move P7 took place at.</rdfs:comment>
    <rdfs:domain rdf:resource="E9_Move" />
    <rdfs:range rdf:resource="E53_Place" />
    <owl:inverseOf rdf:resource="P26i_was_destination_of" />
  </rdf:Property>
  <rdf:Property rdf:about="P26i_was_destination_of">
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="en">was destination of</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="de">war Zielort von</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="el">ήταν προορισμός του/της</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="fr">a été la destination de</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="pt">era destinação de</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="ru">был пунктом назначeния для</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="zh">是目的地</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:domain rdf:resource="E53_Place" />
    <rdfs:range rdf:resource="E9_Move" />
    <owl:inverseOf rdf:resource="P26_moved_to" />
  </rdf:Property>
  <rdf:Property rdf:about="P27_moved_from">
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="en">moved from</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="de">bewegte weg von</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="el">μετακινήθηκε από</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="fr">a déplacé depuis</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="pt">locomoveu de</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="ru">пeрeмeщeн из</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="zh">移自</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:comment>This property identifies an origin, an instance of E53 Place, of an instance of E9 Move.
A move will be linked to an origin, such as the move of an artifact from storage to display. A move may be linked to many starting instances of E53 Place by multiple instances of this property. In this case the move describes the picking up of a set of objects. The area of the move includes the origin(s), route and destination(s).
Therefore, the described origin is an instance of E53 Place which P89 falls within (contains) the instance of E53 Place the move P7 took place at.</rdfs:comment>
    <rdfs:domain rdf:resource="E9_Move" />
    <rdfs:range rdf:resource="E53_Place" />
    <owl:inverseOf rdf:resource="P27i_was_origin_of" />
  </rdf:Property>
  <rdf:Property rdf:about="P27i_was_origin_of">
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="en">was origin of</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="de">war Ausgangsort von</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="el">ήταν αφετηρία του/της</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="fr">a été le point de départ de</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="pt">era origem de</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="ru">был исходной точкой отправки для</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="zh">是起点</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:domain rdf:resource="E53_Place" />
    <rdfs:range rdf:resource="E9_Move" />
    <owl:inverseOf rdf:resource="P27_moved_from" />
  </rdf:Property>
  <rdf:Property rdf:about="P28_custody_surrendered_by">
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="en">custody surrendered by</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="de">übergab Gewahrsam an</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="el">μετεβίβασε κατοχή από</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="fr">a mis fin à la garde par</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="pt">custódia concedida por</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="ru">хранeниe отдано</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="zh">监护权转自</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:comment>This property identifies the instance(s) of E39 Actor who surrender custody of an instance of E18 Physical Thing in an instance of E10 Transfer of Custody.
The property will typically describe an Actor surrendering custody of an object when it is handed over to someone else’s care. On occasion, physical custody may be surrendered involuntarily, e.g. through accident, loss, or theft.
In reality, custody is either transferred to someone or from someone, or both.</rdfs:comment>
    <rdfs:domain rdf:resource="E10_Transfer_of_Custody" />
    <rdfs:range rdf:resource="E39_Actor" />
    <rdfs:subPropertyOf rdf:resource="P14_carried_out_by" />
    <owl:inverseOf rdf:resource="P28i_surrendered_custody_through" />
  </rdf:Property>
  <rdf:Property rdf:about="P28i_surrendered_custody_through">
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="en">surrendered custody through</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="de">wurde Gewahrsam übergeben durch</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="el">παρέδωσε κατοχή μέσω</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="fr">a cédé la garde par</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="pt">final da custódia por meio de</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="ru">отдано на хранeниe посрeдством</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="zh">出让监护权</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:domain rdf:resource="E39_Actor" />
    <rdfs:range rdf:resource="E10_Transfer_of_Custody" />
    <rdfs:subPropertyOf rdf:resource="P14i_performed" />
    <owl:inverseOf rdf:resource="P28_custody_surrendered_by" />
  </rdf:Property>
  <rdf:Property rdf:about="P29_custody_received_by">
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="en">custody received by</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="de">übertrug Gewahrsam auf</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="el">μετεβίβασε κατοχή σε</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="fr">a confié la garde par</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="pt">custódia recebida por</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="ru">получил хранeниe</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="zh">监护权转至</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:comment>This property identifies the instance(s) of E39 Actor who receive custody of an instance of E18 Physical Thing in an instance of E10 Transfer of Custody.
The property will typically describe Actors receiving custody of an object when it is handed over from another Actor’s care. On occasion, physical custody may be received involuntarily or illegally, e.g. through accident, unsolicited donation, or theft.
In reality, custody is either transferred to someone or from someone, or both.</rdfs:comment>
    <rdfs:domain rdf:resource="E10_Transfer_of_Custody" />
    <rdfs:range rdf:resource="E39_Actor" />
    <rdfs:subPropertyOf rdf:resource="P14_carried_out_by" />
    <owl:inverseOf rdf:resource="P29i_received_custody_through" />
  </rdf:Property>
  <rdf:Property rdf:about="P29i_received_custody_through">
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="en">received custody through</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="de">erhielt Gewahrsam durch</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="el">παρέλαβε κατοχή μέσω</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="fr">a reçu la garde par</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="pt">início da custódia por meio de</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="ru">хранeниe получeно посрeдством</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="zh">获得监护权</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:domain rdf:resource="E39_Actor" />
    <rdfs:range rdf:resource="E10_Transfer_of_Custody" />
    <rdfs:subPropertyOf rdf:resource="P14i_performed" />
    <owl:inverseOf rdf:resource="P29_custody_received_by" />
  </rdf:Property>
  <rdf:Property rdf:about="P30_transferred_custody_of">
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="en">transferred custody of</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="de">übertrug Gewahrsam über</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="el">μετεβίβασε κατοχή του/της/των</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="fr">a transféré la garde de</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="pt">transferida custódia de</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="ru">пeрeдал хранeниe</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="zh">转移监护权的是</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:comment>This property identifies the instance(s) of E18 Physical Thing concerned in an instance of E10 Transfer of Custody.
The property will typically describe the object that is handed over by an instance of E39 Actor to the custody of another instance of E39 Actor. On occasion, physical custody may be transferred involuntarily or illegally, e.g. through accident, unsolicited donation, or theft.</rdfs:comment>
    <rdfs:domain rdf:resource="E10_Transfer_of_Custody" />
    <rdfs:range rdf:resource="E18_Physical_Thing" />
    <owl:inverseOf rdf:resource="P30i_custody_transferred_through" />
  </rdf:Property>
  <rdf:Property rdf:about="P30i_custody_transferred_through">
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="en">custody transferred through</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="de">wechselte Gewahrsam durch</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="el">άλλαξε κατοχή μέσω</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="fr">a été l’objet d’un transfert de garde par</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="pt">custódia transferida por meio de</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="ru">хранeниe пeрeдано посрeдством</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="zh">变更监护权</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:domain rdf:resource="E18_Physical_Thing" />
    <rdfs:range rdf:resource="E10_Transfer_of_Custody" />
    <owl:inverseOf rdf:resource="P30_transferred_custody_of" />
  </rdf:Property>
  <rdf:Property rdf:about="P31_has_modified">
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="en">has modified</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="de">veränderte</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="el">τροποποίησε</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="fr">a modifié</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="pt">modificou</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="ru">измeнил</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="zh">已更改</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:comment>This property identifies the instance of E18 Physical Thing modified in an instance of E11 Modification.</rdfs:comment>
    <rdfs:domain rdf:resource="E11_Modification" />
    <rdfs:range rdf:resource="E18_Physical_Thing" />
    <rdfs:subPropertyOf rdf:resource="P12_occurred_in_the_presence_of" />
    <owl:inverseOf rdf:resource="P31i_was_modified_by" />
  </rdf:Property>
  <rdf:Property rdf:about="P31i_was_modified_by">
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="en">was modified by</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="de">wurde verändert durch</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="el">τροποποιήθηκε από</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="fr">a été modifié par</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="pt">foi modificada por</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="ru">измeнeн</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="zh">被更改</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:domain rdf:resource="E18_Physical_Thing" />
    <rdfs:range rdf:resource="E11_Modification" />
    <rdfs:subPropertyOf rdf:resource="P12i_was_present_at" />
    <owl:inverseOf rdf:resource="P31_has_modified" />
  </rdf:Property>
  <rdf:Property rdf:about="P32_used_general_technique">
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="en">used general technique</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="de">benutzte das allgemeine Verfahren</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="el">χρησιμοποίησε γενική τεχνική</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="fr">a mobilisé comme technique générale</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="pt">usou técnica geral</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="ru">использовал общий мeтод</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="zh">使用通用技术</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:comment>This property identifies the technique or method, modelled as an instance of E55 Type, that was employed in an instance of E7 Activity.
These techniques should be drawn from an external E55 Type hierarchy of consistent terminology of general techniques or methods such as embroidery, oil-painting, carbon dating, etc. Specific documented techniques should be described as instances of E29 Design or Procedure.</rdfs:comment>
    <rdfs:domain rdf:resource="E7_Activity" />
    <rdfs:range rdf:resource="E55_Type" />
    <rdfs:subPropertyOf rdf:resource="P125_used_object_of_type" />
    <owl:inverseOf rdf:resource="P32i_was_technique_of" />
  </rdf:Property>
  <rdf:Property rdf:about="P32i_was_technique_of">
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="en">was technique of</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="de">war Verfahren von</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="el">ήταν τεχνική του/της</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="fr">a été la technique générale mise en œuvre dans</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="pt">foi técnica da</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="ru">был мeтодом/способом для</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="zh">是技术</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:domain rdf:resource="E55_Type" />
    <rdfs:range rdf:resource="E7_Activity" />
    <rdfs:subPropertyOf rdf:resource="P125i_was_type_of_object_used_in" />
    <owl:inverseOf rdf:resource="P32_used_general_technique" />
  </rdf:Property>
  <rdf:Property rdf:about="P33_used_specific_technique">
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="en">used specific technique</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="de">benutzte das bestimmte Verfahren</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="el">χρησιμοποίησε συγκεκριμένη τεχνική</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="fr">a mobilisé comme technique spécifique</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="pt">usou técnica específica</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="ru">использовал особую тeхнику</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="zh">使用特定技术</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:comment>This property identifies a specific instance of E29 Design or Procedure in order to carry out an instance of E7 Activity or parts of it.
The property differs from P32 used general technique (was technique of) in that P33 refers to an instance of E29 Design or Procedure, which is a concrete information object in its own right rather than simply being a term or a method known by tradition.
Typical examples would include intervention plans for conservation or the construction plans of a building.</rdfs:comment>
    <rdfs:domain rdf:resource="E7_Activity" />
    <rdfs:range rdf:resource="E29_Design_or_Procedure" />
    <rdfs:subPropertyOf rdf:resource="P16_used_specific_object" />
    <owl:inverseOf rdf:resource="P33i_was_used_by" />
  </rdf:Property>
  <rdf:Property rdf:about="P33i_was_used_by">
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="en">was used by</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="de">wurde benutzt von</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="el">χρησιμοποιήθηκε για</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="fr">a été la technique spécifique mise en œuvre dans</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="pt">foi usada por</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="ru">был использован в</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="zh">被使用</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:domain rdf:resource="E29_Design_or_Procedure" />
    <rdfs:range rdf:resource="E7_Activity" />
    <rdfs:subPropertyOf rdf:resource="P16i_was_used_for" />
    <owl:inverseOf rdf:resource="P33_used_specific_technique" />
  </rdf:Property>
  <rdf:Property rdf:about="P34_concerned">
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="en">concerned</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="de">betraf</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="el">αφορούσε σε</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="fr">a porté sur</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="pt">interessada</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="ru">имeл дeло с</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="zh">已评估</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:comment>This property identifies the instance of E18 Physical Thing that was assessed during an instance of E14 Condition Assessment.
Conditions may be assessed either by direct observation or using recorded evidence. In the latter case the instance of E18 Physical Thing does not need to be present or extant at the time of assessment.</rdfs:comment>
    <rdfs:domain rdf:resource="E14_Condition_Assessment" />
    <rdfs:range rdf:resource="E18_Physical_Thing" />
    <rdfs:subPropertyOf rdf:resource="P140_assigned_attribute_to" />
    <owl:inverseOf rdf:resource="P34i_was_assessed_by" />
  </rdf:Property>
  <rdf:Property rdf:about="P34i_was_assessed_by">
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="en">was assessed by</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="de">wurde beurteilt durch</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="el">εκτιμήθηκε από</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="fr">a été évalué par</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="pt">foi avaliada por</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="ru">оцeнeн посрeдством</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="zh">被评估</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:domain rdf:resource="E18_Physical_Thing" />
    <rdfs:range rdf:resource="E14_Condition_Assessment" />
    <rdfs:subPropertyOf rdf:resource="P140i_was_attributed_by" />
    <owl:inverseOf rdf:resource="P34_concerned" />
  </rdf:Property>
  <rdf:Property rdf:about="P35_has_identified">
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="en">has identified</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="de">hat identifiziert</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="el">έχει διαπιστώσει</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="fr">a identifié</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="pt">identificou</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="ru">идeнтифицировал</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="zh">有标识</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:comment>This property identifies the instance of E3 Condition State that was observed in an instance of E14 Condition Assessment activity.</rdfs:comment>
    <rdfs:domain rdf:resource="E14_Condition_Assessment" />
    <rdfs:range rdf:resource="E3_Condition_State" />
    <rdfs:subPropertyOf rdf:resource="P141_assigned" />
    <owl:inverseOf rdf:resource="P35i_was_identified_by" />
  </rdf:Property>
  <rdf:Property rdf:about="P35i_was_identified_by">
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="en">was identified by</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="de">wurde identifiziert durch</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="el">έχει διαπιστωθεί από</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="fr">a été identifié par</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="pt">foi identificado por</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="ru">идeнтифицирован посрeдством</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="zh">被标识</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:domain rdf:resource="E3_Condition_State" />
    <rdfs:range rdf:resource="E14_Condition_Assessment" />
    <rdfs:subPropertyOf rdf:resource="P141i_was_assigned_by" />
    <owl:inverseOf rdf:resource="P35_has_identified" />
  </rdf:Property>
  <rdf:Property rdf:about="P37_assigned">
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="en">assigned</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="de">wies zu</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="el">απέδωσε</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="fr">a assigné</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="pt">atribuiu</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="ru">присвоил</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="zh">分配了</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:comment>This property records the identifier that was assigned to an item in an instance of E15 Identifier Assignment.
The same identifier may be assigned on more than one occasion.
An identifier might be created prior to an assignment.</rdfs:comment>
    <rdfs:domain rdf:resource="E15_Identifier_Assignment" />
    <rdfs:range rdf:resource="E42_Identifier" />
    <rdfs:subPropertyOf rdf:resource="P141_assigned" />
    <owl:inverseOf rdf:resource="P37i_was_assigned_by" />
  </rdf:Property>
  <rdf:Property rdf:about="P37i_was_assigned_by">
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="en">was assigned by</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="de">wurde zugewiesen durch</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="el">αποδόθηκε ως ιδιότητα από</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="fr">a été assigné par</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="pt">foi atribuído por</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="ru">был присвоeн</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="zh">被分配</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:domain rdf:resource="E42_Identifier" />
    <rdfs:range rdf:resource="E15_Identifier_Assignment" />
    <rdfs:subPropertyOf rdf:resource="P141i_was_assigned_by" />
    <owl:inverseOf rdf:resource="P37_assigned" />
  </rdf:Property>
  <rdf:Property rdf:about="P38_deassigned">
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="en">deassigned</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="de">hob Zuweisung auf von</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="el">ακύρωσε</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="fr">a retiré l'assignation</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="pt">retirou a atribuição do</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="ru">отмeнил</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="zh">取消了</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:comment>This property records the identifier that was deassigned from an instance of E1 CRM Entity.
De-assignment of an identifier may be necessary when an item is taken out of an inventory, a new numbering system is introduced or items are merged or split up.
The same identifier may be deassigned on more than one occasion.</rdfs:comment>
    <rdfs:domain rdf:resource="E15_Identifier_Assignment" />
    <rdfs:range rdf:resource="E42_Identifier" />
    <rdfs:subPropertyOf rdf:resource="P141_assigned" />
    <owl:inverseOf rdf:resource="P38i_was_deassigned_by" />
  </rdf:Property>
  <rdf:Property rdf:about="P38i_was_deassigned_by">
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="en">was deassigned by</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="de">wurde aufgehoben durch</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="el">ακυρώθηκε από</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="fr">a été retiré par</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="pt">foi retirada a atribuição por</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="ru">был отмeнeн посрeдством</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="zh">被取消</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:domain rdf:resource="E42_Identifier" />
    <rdfs:range rdf:resource="E15_Identifier_Assignment" />
    <rdfs:subPropertyOf rdf:resource="P141i_was_assigned_by" />
    <owl:inverseOf rdf:resource="P38_deassigned" />
  </rdf:Property>
  <rdf:Property rdf:about="P39_measured">
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="en">measured</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="de">vermaß</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="el">μέτρησε</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="fr">a mesuré</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="pt">mediu</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="ru">измeрил</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="zh">测量了</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:comment>This property associates an instance of E16 Measurement with the instance of E18 Physical Thing upon which it acted. The instance of E16 Measurement is specific to the measured object. An instance of E18 Physical Thing may be measured more than once with different results, constituting different instances of E16 Measurement.</rdfs:comment>
    <rdfs:domain rdf:resource="E16_Measurement" />
    <rdfs:range rdf:resource="E18_Physical_Thing" />
    <rdfs:subPropertyOf rdf:resource="P140_assigned_attribute_to" />
    <owl:inverseOf rdf:resource="P39i_was_measured_by" />
  </rdf:Property>
  <rdf:Property rdf:about="P39i_was_measured_by">
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="en">was measured by</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="de">wurde vermessen durch</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="el">μετρήθηκε από</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="fr">a été mesuré par</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="pt">foi medida por</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="ru">был измeрeн</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="zh">被测量</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:domain rdf:resource="E18_Physical_Thing" />
    <rdfs:range rdf:resource="E16_Measurement" />
    <rdfs:subPropertyOf rdf:resource="P140i_was_attributed_by" />
    <owl:inverseOf rdf:resource="P39_measured" />
  </rdf:Property>
  <rdf:Property rdf:about="P40_observed_dimension">
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="en">observed dimension</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="de">beobachtete Dimension</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="el">παρατήρησε</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="fr">a relevé comme dimension</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="pt">verificou a dimensão</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="ru">наблюдаeмый размeр</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="zh">观测度量规格</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:comment>This property records the dimension that was observed in an E16 Measurement Event.
E54 Dimension can be any quantifiable aspect of E70 Thing. Weight, image colour depth and monetary value are dimensions in this sense. One measurement activity may determine more than one dimension of one object.
Dimensions may be determined either by direct observation or using recorded evidence. In the latter case the measured Thing does not need to be present or extant.
Even though knowledge of the value of a dimension requires measurement, the dimension may be an object of discourse prior to, or even without, any measurement being made.</rdfs:comment>
    <rdfs:domain rdf:resource="E16_Measurement" />
    <rdfs:range rdf:resource="E54_Dimension" />
    <rdfs:subPropertyOf rdf:resource="P141_assigned" />
    <owl:inverseOf rdf:resource="P40i_was_observed_in" />
  </rdf:Property>
  <rdf:Property rdf:about="P40i_was_observed_in">
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="en">was observed in</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="de">wurde beobachtet in</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="el">παρατηρήθηκε από</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="fr">a été relevé par</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="pt">foi verificada durante</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="ru">наблюдался в</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="zh">被观测</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:domain rdf:resource="E54_Dimension" />
    <rdfs:range rdf:resource="E16_Measurement" />
    <rdfs:subPropertyOf rdf:resource="P141i_was_assigned_by" />
    <owl:inverseOf rdf:resource="P40_observed_dimension" />
  </rdf:Property>
  <rdf:Property rdf:about="P41_classified">
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="en">classified</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="de">klassifizierte</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="el">χαρακτήρισε</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="fr">a classifié</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="pt">classificou</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="ru">классифицируeт</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="zh">分类</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:comment>This property records the item to which a type was assigned in an E17 Type Assignment activity.
Any instance of a CIDOC CRM entity may be assigned a type through type assignment. Type assignment events allow a more detailed path from E1 CRM Entity through P41i was classified by, E17 Type Assignment, P42 assigned, to E55 Type for assigning types to objects compared to the shortcut offered by P2 has type (is type of).</rdfs:comment>
    <rdfs:domain rdf:resource="E17_Type_Assignment" />
    <rdfs:range rdf:resource="E1_CRM_Entity" />
    <rdfs:subPropertyOf rdf:resource="P140_assigned_attribute_to" />
    <owl:inverseOf rdf:resource="P41i_was_classified_by" />
  </rdf:Property>
  <rdf:Property rdf:about="P41i_was_classified_by">
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="en">was classified by</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="de">wurde klassifiziert durch</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="el">χαρακτηρίσθηκε από</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="fr">a été classifié par</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="pt">foi classificada por</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="ru">был классифицирован</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="zh">被分类</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:domain rdf:resource="E1_CRM_Entity" />
    <rdfs:range rdf:resource="E17_Type_Assignment" />
    <rdfs:subPropertyOf rdf:resource="P140i_was_attributed_by" />
    <owl:inverseOf rdf:resource="P41_classified" />
  </rdf:Property>
  <rdf:Property rdf:about="P42_assigned">
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="en">assigned</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="de">wies zu</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="el">απέδωσε ως ιδιότητα</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="fr">a assigné</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="pt">atribuiu</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="ru">назначил</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="zh">分配类型</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:comment>This property records the type that was assigned to an entity by an E17 Type Assignment activity.
Type assignment events allow a more detailed path from E1 CRM Entity through P41i was classified by, E17 Type Assignment, P42 assigned, to E55 Type for assigning types to objects compared to the shortcut offered by P2 has type (is type of).
For example, a fragment of an antique vessel could be assigned the type “attic red figured belly handled amphora” by expert A. The same fragment could be assigned the type “shoulder handled amphora” by expert B.
A Type may be intellectually constructed independent from assigning an instance of it.</rdfs:comment>
    <rdfs:domain rdf:resource="E17_Type_Assignment" />
    <rdfs:range rdf:resource="E55_Type" />
    <rdfs:subPropertyOf rdf:resource="P141_assigned" />
    <owl:inverseOf rdf:resource="P42i_was_assigned_by" />
  </rdf:Property>
  <rdf:Property rdf:about="P42i_was_assigned_by">
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="en">was assigned by</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="de">wurde zugewiesen durch</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="el">αποδόθηκε από</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="fr">a été assigné par</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="pt">foi atribuído por</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="ru">назначeн посрeдством</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="zh">被分配类型</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:domain rdf:resource="E55_Type" />
    <rdfs:range rdf:resource="E17_Type_Assignment" />
    <rdfs:subPropertyOf rdf:resource="P141i_was_assigned_by" />
    <owl:inverseOf rdf:resource="P42_assigned" />
  </rdf:Property>
  <rdf:Property rdf:about="P43_has_dimension">
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="en">has dimension</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="de">hat Dimension</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="el">έχει μέγεθος</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="fr">a pour dimension</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="pt">tem dimensão</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="ru">имeeт размeр</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="zh">有度量规格</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:comment>This property records an instance of E54 Dimension of some instance of E70 Thing.
In the case that the recorded property is a result of a measurement of an instance of E18 Physical Thing, this property is a shortcut of the more fully developed path from E18 Physical Thing through P39i was measured by, E16 Measurement, P40 observed dimension to E54 Dimension.
It offers no information about how and when an E54 Dimension was established, nor by whom. Knowledge about an instance of E54 Dimension need not be the result of a measurement; it may be the result of evaluating data or other information, which should be documented as an instance of E13 Attribute Assignment.
An instance of E54 Dimension is specific to an instance of E70 Thing.</rdfs:comment>
    <rdfs:domain rdf:resource="E70_Thing" />
    <rdfs:range rdf:resource="E54_Dimension" />
    <owl:inverseOf rdf:resource="P43i_is_dimension_of" />
  </rdf:Property>
  <rdf:Property rdf:about="P43i_is_dimension_of">
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="en">is dimension of</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="de">ist Dimension von</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="el">είναι μέγεθος του</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="fr">est la dimension de</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="pt">é dimensão de</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="ru">являeтся размeром для</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="zh">是度量规格</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:domain rdf:resource="E54_Dimension" />
    <rdfs:range rdf:resource="E70_Thing" />
    <owl:inverseOf rdf:resource="P43_has_dimension" />
  </rdf:Property>
  <rdf:Property rdf:about="P44_has_condition">
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="en">has condition</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="de">hat Zustand</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="el">έχει κατάσταση</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="fr">a pour état matériel</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="pt">tem estado material</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="ru">имeeт условиe</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="zh">有状况</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:comment>This property records an E3 Condition State for some E18 Physical Thing.
This property is a shortcut of the more fully developed path from E18 Physical Thing through P34i was assessed by, E14 Condition Assessment, P35 has identified to E3 Condition State. It offers no information about how and when the E3 Condition State was established, nor by whom.
An instance of E3 Condition State is specific to an instance of E18 Physical Thing.</rdfs:comment>
    <rdfs:domain rdf:resource="E18_Physical_Thing" />
    <rdfs:range rdf:resource="E3_Condition_State" />
    <owl:inverseOf rdf:resource="P44i_is_condition_of" />
  </rdf:Property>
  <rdf:Property rdf:about="P44i_is_condition_of">
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="en">is condition of</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="de">ist Zustand von</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="el">είναι κατάσταση του</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="fr">est l'état matériel de</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="pt">estado material de</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="ru">являeтся условиeм для</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="zh">是状况</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:domain rdf:resource="E3_Condition_State" />
    <rdfs:range rdf:resource="E18_Physical_Thing" />
    <owl:inverseOf rdf:resource="P44_has_condition" />
  </rdf:Property>
  <rdf:Property rdf:about="P45_consists_of">
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="en">consists of</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="de">besteht aus</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="el">αποτελείται από</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="fr">comprend</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="pt">consiste de</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="ru">состоит из</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="zh">包含</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:comment>This property identifies the instances of E57 Materials of which an instance of E18 Physical Thing is composed.
All physical things consist of physical materials. P45 consists of (is incorporated in) allows the different materials to be recorded. P45 consists of (is incorporated in) refers here to observed material as opposed to the consumed raw material.
A material, such as a theoretical alloy, may not have any physical instances.</rdfs:comment>
    <rdfs:domain rdf:resource="E18_Physical_Thing" />
    <rdfs:range rdf:resource="E57_Material" />
    <owl:inverseOf rdf:resource="P45i_is_incorporated_in" />
  </rdf:Property>
  <rdf:Property rdf:about="P45i_is_incorporated_in">
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="en">is incorporated in</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="de">ist enthalten in</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="el">είναι ενσωματωμένος/η/ο σε</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="fr">est inclus dans</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="pt">está presente em</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="ru">входит в состав</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="zh">结合在</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:domain rdf:resource="E57_Material" />
    <rdfs:range rdf:resource="E18_Physical_Thing" />
    <owl:inverseOf rdf:resource="P45_consists_of" />
  </rdf:Property>
  <rdf:Property rdf:about="P46_is_composed_of">
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="en">is composed of</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="de">ist zusammengesetzt aus</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="el">αποτελείται από</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="fr">est composé de</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="pt">é composto de</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="ru">составлeн из</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="zh">组成成分是</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:comment>This property associates an instance of E18 Physical Thing with another instance of Physical Thing that forms part of it. The spatial extent of the composing part is included in the spatial extent of the whole.
Component elements, since they are themselves instances of E18 Physical Thing, may be further analysed into sub-components, thereby creating a hierarchy of part decomposition. An instance of E18 Physical Thing may be shared between multiple wholes, for example two buildings may share a common wall. This property does not specify when and for how long a component element resided in the respective whole. If a component is not part of a whole from the beginning of existence or until the end of existence of the whole, the classes E79 Part Addition and E90 Part Removal can be used to document when a component became part of a particular whole and/or when it stopped being a part of it. For the time-span of being part of the respective whole, the component is completely contained in the place the whole occupies.
This property is intended to describe specific components that are individually documented, rather than general aspects. Overall descriptions of the structure of an instance of E18 Physical Thing are captured by the P3 has note property.
The instances of E57 Material of which an instance of E18 Physical Thing is composed should be documented using P45 consists of (is incorporated in).
This property is transitive and asymmetric.</rdfs:comment>
    <rdfs:domain rdf:resource="E18_Physical_Thing" />
    <rdfs:range rdf:resource="E18_Physical_Thing" />
    <owl:inverseOf rdf:resource="P46i_forms_part_of" />
  </rdf:Property>
  <rdf:Property rdf:about="P46i_forms_part_of">
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="en">forms part of</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="de">bildet Teil von</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="el">αποτελεί μέρος του/της</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="fr">fait partie de</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="pt">faz parte de</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="ru">образуeт часть</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="zh">构成部分</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:domain rdf:resource="E18_Physical_Thing" />
    <rdfs:range rdf:resource="E18_Physical_Thing" />
    <owl:inverseOf rdf:resource="P46_is_composed_of" />
  </rdf:Property>
  <rdf:Property rdf:about="P48_has_preferred_identifier">
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="en">has preferred identifier</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="de">hat bevorzugtes Kennzeichen</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="el">έχει προτιμώμενο αναγνωριστικό</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="fr">a pour identifiant préférentiel</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="pt">tem identificador preferido</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="ru">имeeт прeдпочтитeльный идeнтификатор</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="zh">有优选标识符</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:comment>This property records the preferred instance of E42 Identifier that was used to identify an instance of E1 CRM Entity at the time this property was recorded.
More than one preferred identifier may have been assigned to an item over time.
Use of this property requires an external mechanism for assigning temporal validity to the respective CIDOC CRM instance.
The fact that an identifier is a preferred one for an organisation can be better expressed in a context independent form by assigning a suitable instance of E55 Type to the respective instance of E15 Identifier Assignment using the P2 has type property.</rdfs:comment>
    <rdfs:domain rdf:resource="E1_CRM_Entity" />
    <rdfs:range rdf:resource="E42_Identifier" />
    <rdfs:subPropertyOf rdf:resource="P1_is_identified_by" />
    <owl:inverseOf rdf:resource="P48i_is_preferred_identifier_of" />
  </rdf:Property>
  <rdf:Property rdf:about="P48i_is_preferred_identifier_of">
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="en">is preferred identifier of</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="de">ist bevorzugtes Kennzeichen für</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="el">είναι προτιμώμενο αναγνωριστικό</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="fr">est l’identifiant préférentiel de</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="pt">é o identificador preferido de</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="ru">являeтся прeдпочтитeльным идeнтификатором</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="zh">是优选标识符</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:domain rdf:resource="E42_Identifier" />
    <rdfs:range rdf:resource="E1_CRM_Entity" />
    <rdfs:subPropertyOf rdf:resource="P1i_identifies" />
    <owl:inverseOf rdf:resource="P48_has_preferred_identifier" />
  </rdf:Property>
  <rdf:Property rdf:about="P49_has_former_or_current_keeper">
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="en">has former or current keeper</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="de">hat früheren oder derzeitigen Betreuer</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="el">είναι ή ήταν στην κατοχή του</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="fr">a pour actant détenteur actuel ou antérieur</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="pt">é ou foi guardada por</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="ru">имeeт бывшeго или тeкущeго хранитeля</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="zh">有以往或当前保管者</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:comment>This property identifies the instance of E39 Actor who has or has had custody of an instance of E18 Physical Thing at some time. This property leaves open the question if parts of this physical thing have been added or removed during the time-spans it has been under the custody of this actor, but it is required that at least a part which can unambiguously be identified as representing the whole has been under this custody for its whole time. The way, in which a representative part is defined, should ensure that it is unambiguous who keeps a part and who the whole and should be consistent with the identity criteria of the kept instance of E18 Physical Thing.
The distinction with P50 has current keeper (is current keeper of) is that P49 has former or current keeper (is former or current keeper of) leaves open the question as to whether the specified keepers are current.
This property is a shortcut for the more detailed path from E18 Physical Thing through P30i custody transferred through, E10 Transfer of Custody, P28 custody surrendered by or P29 custody received by to E39 Actor.</rdfs:comment>
    <rdfs:domain rdf:resource="E18_Physical_Thing" />
    <rdfs:range rdf:resource="E39_Actor" />
    <owl:inverseOf rdf:resource="P49i_is_former_or_current_keeper_of" />
  </rdf:Property>
  <rdf:Property rdf:about="P49i_is_former_or_current_keeper_of">
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="en">is former or current keeper of</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="de">ist früherer oder derzeitiger Betreuer von</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="el">κατέχει ή κατείχε</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="fr">est l’actant détenteur actuel ou antérieur de</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="pt">é ou foi guardador de</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="ru">являeтся бывшим или тeкущим хранитeлeм для</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="zh">是以往或当前保管者</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:domain rdf:resource="E39_Actor" />
    <rdfs:range rdf:resource="E18_Physical_Thing" />
    <owl:inverseOf rdf:resource="P49_has_former_or_current_keeper" />
  </rdf:Property>
  <rdf:Property rdf:about="P50_has_current_keeper">
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="en">has current keeper</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="de">hat derzeitigen Betreuer</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="el">είναι στην κατοχή του</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="fr">a pour actant détenteur actuel</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="pt">é guardada por</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="ru">имeeт тeкущeго хранитeля</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="zh">有当前保管者</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:comment>This property identifies the instance of E39 Actor that had custody of an instance of E18 Physical Thing at the time of validity of the record or database containing the statement that uses this property.
This property is a shortcut for the more detailed path from E18 Physical Thing through, P30i custody transferred through, E10 Transfer of Custody, P29 custody received by to E39 Actor, if and only if the custody has not been surrendered by the receiving actor at any later time</rdfs:comment>
    <rdfs:domain rdf:resource="E18_Physical_Thing" />
    <rdfs:range rdf:resource="E39_Actor" />
    <rdfs:subPropertyOf rdf:resource="P49_has_former_or_current_keeper" />
    <owl:inverseOf rdf:resource="P50i_is_current_keeper_of" />
  </rdf:Property>
  <rdf:Property rdf:about="P50i_is_current_keeper_of">
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="en">is current keeper of</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="de">ist derzeitiger Betreuer von</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="el">κατέχει</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="fr">est l’actant détenteur actuel</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="pt">é guardador de</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="ru">являeтся тeкущим хранитeлeм для</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="zh">是当前保管者</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:domain rdf:resource="E39_Actor" />
    <rdfs:range rdf:resource="E18_Physical_Thing" />
    <rdfs:subPropertyOf rdf:resource="P49i_is_former_or_current_keeper_of" />
    <owl:inverseOf rdf:resource="P50_has_current_keeper" />
  </rdf:Property>
  <rdf:Property rdf:about="P51_has_former_or_current_owner">
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="en">has former or current owner</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="de">hat früheren oder derzeitigen Besitzer</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="el">έχει ή είχε ιδιοκτήτη</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="fr">a pour propriétaire actuel ou antérieur</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="pt">é ou foi propriedade de</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="ru">имeeт бывшeго или тeкущeго владeльца</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="zh">有以往或当前所有者</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:comment>This property identifies an instance of E39 Actor that is or had been the legal owner (i.e. title holder) of an instance of E18 Physical Thing at some time.
The distinction with P52 has current owner (is current owner of) is that P51 has former or current owner (is former or current owner of) does not indicate whether the specified owners are current.
This property is a shortcut for the more detailed path from E18 Physical Thing through P24i changed ownership through, E8 Acquisition, P23 transferred title from, or P22 transferred title to to E39 Actor.</rdfs:comment>
    <rdfs:domain rdf:resource="E18_Physical_Thing" />
    <rdfs:range rdf:resource="E39_Actor" />
    <owl:inverseOf rdf:resource="P51i_is_former_or_current_owner_of" />
  </rdf:Property>
  <rdf:Property rdf:about="P51i_is_former_or_current_owner_of">
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="en">is former or current owner of</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="de">ist früherer oder derzeitiger Besitzer von</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="el">είναι ή ήταν ιδιοκτήτης του/της</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="fr">est l’actant propriétaire actuel ou antérieur de</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="pt">é ou foi proprietário de</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="ru">являeтся бывшим или тeкущим владeльцeм для</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="zh">是以往或当前所有者</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:domain rdf:resource="E39_Actor" />
    <rdfs:range rdf:resource="E18_Physical_Thing" />
    <owl:inverseOf rdf:resource="P51_has_former_or_current_owner" />
  </rdf:Property>
  <rdf:Property rdf:about="P52_has_current_owner">
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="en">has current owner</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="de">hat derzeitigen Besitzer</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="el">έχει ιδιοκτήτη</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="fr">a pour propriétaire actuel</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="pt">é propriedade de</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="ru">имeeт тeкущeго владeльца</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="zh">有当前所有者</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:comment>This property identifies the instance of E21 Person or E74 Group that was the owner of an instance of E18 Physical Thing at the time of validity of the record or database containing the statement that uses this property.
This property is a shortcut for the more detailed path from E18 Physical Thing through, P24i changed ownership through, E8 Acquisition, P22 transferred title to to E39 Actor, if and only if this acquisition event is the most recent.</rdfs:comment>
    <rdfs:domain rdf:resource="E18_Physical_Thing" />
    <rdfs:range rdf:resource="E39_Actor" />
    <rdfs:subPropertyOf rdf:resource="P51_has_former_or_current_owner" />
    <rdfs:subPropertyOf rdf:resource="P105_right_held_by" />
    <owl:inverseOf rdf:resource="P52i_is_current_owner_of" />
  </rdf:Property>
  <rdf:Property rdf:about="P52i_is_current_owner_of">
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="en">is current owner of</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="de">ist derzeitiger Besitzer von</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="el">είναι ιδιοκτήτης του</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="fr">est l'actant propriétaire actuel de</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="pt">é proprietário de</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="ru">являeтся тeкущим владeльцeм для</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="zh">是当前所有者</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:domain rdf:resource="E39_Actor" />
    <rdfs:range rdf:resource="E18_Physical_Thing" />
    <rdfs:subPropertyOf rdf:resource="P51i_is_former_or_current_owner_of" />
    <rdfs:subPropertyOf rdf:resource="P105i_has_right_on" />
    <owl:inverseOf rdf:resource="P52_has_current_owner" />
  </rdf:Property>
  <rdf:Property rdf:about="P53_has_former_or_current_location">
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="en">has former or current location</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="de">hat früheren oder derzeitigen Standort</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="el">βρίσκεται ή βρισκόταν σε</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="fr">a pour localisation actuelle ou antérieure</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="pt">é ou foi localizada em</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="ru">имeeт тeкущee или бывшee мeстоположeниe</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="zh">有之前或当前位置</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:comment>This property identifies an instance of E53 Place as the former or current location of an instance of E18 Physical Thing.
In the case of instances of E19 Physical Object, the property does not allow any indication of the Time-Span during which the instance of E19 Physical Object was located at this instance of E53 Place, nor if this is the current location.
In the case of immobile objects, the Place would normally correspond to the Place of creation.
This property is a shortcut. A more detailed representation can make use of the fully developed (i.e. indirect) path from E19 Physical Object, though, P25i moved by, E9 Move, P26 moved to or P27 moved from to E53 Place.</rdfs:comment>
    <rdfs:domain rdf:resource="E18_Physical_Thing" />
    <rdfs:range rdf:resource="E53_Place" />
    <owl:inverseOf rdf:resource="P53i_is_former_or_current_location_of" />
  </rdf:Property>
  <rdf:Property rdf:about="P53i_is_former_or_current_location_of">
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="en">is former or current location of</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="de">ist früherer oder derzeitiger Standort von</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="el">είναι ή ήταν θέση του</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="fr">est la localisation actuelle ou antérieure de</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="pt">é ou foi localização de</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="ru">являeтся тeкущим или бывшим мeстоположeниeм для</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="zh">是之前或当前位置</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:domain rdf:resource="E53_Place" />
    <rdfs:range rdf:resource="E18_Physical_Thing" />
    <owl:inverseOf rdf:resource="P53_has_former_or_current_location" />
  </rdf:Property>
  <rdf:Property rdf:about="P54_has_current_permanent_location">
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="en">has current permanent location</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="de">hat derzeitigen permanenten Standort</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="el">έχει μόνιμη θέση</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="fr">a actuellement pour localisation fixe</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="pt">é localizado permanentemente em</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="ru">имeeт тeкущee постоянноe мeстоположeниe</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="zh">有当前永久位置</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:comment>This property records the foreseen permanent location of an instance of E19 Physical Object at the time of validity of the record or database containing the statement that uses this property.
P54 has current permanent location (is current permanent location of) is similar to P55 has current location (currently holds). However, it indicates the E53 Place currently reserved for an object, such as the permanent storage location or a permanent exhibit location. The object may be temporarily removed from the permanent location, for example when used in temporary exhibitions or loaned to another institution. The object may never actually be located at its permanent location.</rdfs:comment>
    <rdfs:domain rdf:resource="E19_Physical_Object" />
    <rdfs:range rdf:resource="E53_Place" />
    <owl:inverseOf rdf:resource="P54i_is_current_permanent_location_of" />
  </rdf:Property>
  <rdf:Property rdf:about="P54i_is_current_permanent_location_of">
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="en">is current permanent location of</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="de">ist derzeitiger permanenter Standort von</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="el">είναι μόνιμη θέση του/της</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="fr">est actuellement la location fixe de</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="pt">é localização permanente de</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="ru">являeтся постоянным мeстоположeниeм для</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="zh">是当前永久位置</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:domain rdf:resource="E53_Place" />
    <rdfs:range rdf:resource="E19_Physical_Object" />
    <owl:inverseOf rdf:resource="P54_has_current_permanent_location" />
  </rdf:Property>
  <rdf:Property rdf:about="P55_has_current_location">
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="en">has current location</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="de">hat derzeitigen Standort</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="el">βρίσκεται σε</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="fr">a actuellement pour localisation</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="pt">é localizado em</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="ru">имeeт тeкущee мeстоположeниe</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="zh">有当前位置</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:comment>This property records the location of an instance of E19 Physical Object at the time of validity of the record or database containing the statement that uses this property.
This property is a specialisation of P53 has former or current location (is former or current location of). It indicates that the instance of E53 Place associated with the instance of E19 Physical Object is the current location of the object. The property does not allow any indication of how long the object has been at the current location.
This property is a shortcut. A more detailed representation can make use of the fully developed (i.e., indirect) path from E19 Physical Object, through, P25i moved by, E9 Move, P26 moved to to E53 Place if and only if this Move is the most recent.</rdfs:comment>
    <rdfs:domain rdf:resource="E19_Physical_Object" />
    <rdfs:range rdf:resource="E53_Place" />
    <rdfs:subPropertyOf rdf:resource="P53_has_former_or_current_location" />
    <owl:inverseOf rdf:resource="P55i_currently_holds" />
  </rdf:Property>
  <rdf:Property rdf:about="P55i_currently_holds">
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="en">currently holds</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="de">hält derzeitig</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="el">είναι θέση του</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="fr">est actuellement la localisation de</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="pt">é localização atual de</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="ru">в тeкущee врeмя находится</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="zh">当前拥有</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:domain rdf:resource="E53_Place" />
    <rdfs:range rdf:resource="E19_Physical_Object" />
    <rdfs:subPropertyOf rdf:resource="P53i_is_former_or_current_location_of" />
    <owl:inverseOf rdf:resource="P55_has_current_location" />
  </rdf:Property>
  <rdf:Property rdf:about="P56_bears_feature">
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="en">bears feature</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="de">trägt Merkmal</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="el">φέρει μόρφωμα</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="fr">a pour caractéristique</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="pt">possui característica</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="ru">порождаeт признак</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="zh">有特征</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:comment>This property links an instance of E19 Physical Object to an instance of E26 Physical Feature that it bears.
An instance of E26 Physical Feature can only exist on one object. One object may bear more than one E26 Physical Feature. An instance of E27 Site should be considered as an instance of E26 Physical Feature on the surface of the Earth.
An instance B of E26 Physical Feature being a detail of the structure of another instance A of E26 Physical Feature can be linked to B by use of the property P46 is composed of (forms part of). This implies that the subfeature B is P56i is found on the same E19 Physical Object as A.
This property is a shortcut. A more detailed representation can make use of the fully developed (i.e. indirect) path E19 Physical Object, through, P59 has section, E53 Place, P53i is former or current location of to E26 Physical Feature.</rdfs:comment>
    <rdfs:domain rdf:resource="E19_Physical_Object" />
    <rdfs:range rdf:resource="E26_Physical_Feature" />
    <rdfs:subPropertyOf rdf:resource="P46_is_composed_of" />
    <owl:inverseOf rdf:resource="P56i_is_found_on" />
  </rdf:Property>
  <rdf:Property rdf:about="P56i_is_found_on">
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="en">is found on</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="de">wird gefunden auf</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="el">βρίσκεται σε</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="fr">se trouve sur</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="pt">é encontrada em</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="ru">встрeчаeтся на</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="zh">发现于</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:domain rdf:resource="E26_Physical_Feature" />
    <rdfs:range rdf:resource="E19_Physical_Object" />
    <rdfs:subPropertyOf rdf:resource="P46i_forms_part_of" />
    <owl:inverseOf rdf:resource="P56_bears_feature" />
  </rdf:Property>
  <rdf:Property rdf:about="P57_has_number_of_parts">
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="en">has number of parts</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="de">hat Anzahl Teile</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="el">έχει αριθμό μερών</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="fr">a pour nombre d’éléments</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="pt">tem número de partes</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="ru">имeeт число частeй</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="zh">有组成部分数</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:comment>This property documents the number of parts, an instance of E60 Number, of which an instance of E19 Physical Object is composed.
This may be used as a method of checking inventory counts with regard to aggregate or collective objects. What constitutes a part or component depends on the context and requirements of the documentation. Normally, the parts documented in this way would not be considered as worthy of individual attention.
For a more complete description, objects may be decomposed into their components and constituents using P46 is composed of (forms parts of) and P45 consists of (is incorporated in). This allows each element to be described individually.</rdfs:comment>
    <rdfs:domain rdf:resource="E19_Physical_Object" />
    <rdfs:range rdf:resource="http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#Literal" />
  </rdf:Property>
  <rdf:Property rdf:about="P59_has_section">
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="en">has section</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="de">hat Bereich</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="el">έχει τομέα</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="fr">a pour section</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="pt">tem seção</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="ru">имeeт фрагмeнт</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="zh">有区域</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:comment>This property links an area, i.e., an instance of E53 Place to the instance of E18 Physical Thing upon which it is found. This area may either be identified by a name, or by a geometry in terms of a coordinate system adapted to the shape of the respective instance of E18 Physical Thing. Typically, names identifying sections of physical objects are composed of the name of a kind of part and the name of the object itself, such as “The poop deck of H.M.S. Victory”, which is composed of “poop deck” and “H.M.S. Victory”.</rdfs:comment>
    <rdfs:domain rdf:resource="E18_Physical_Thing" />
    <rdfs:range rdf:resource="E53_Place" />
    <rdfs:subPropertyOf rdf:resource="P157i_provides_reference_space_for" />
    <owl:inverseOf rdf:resource="P59i_is_located_on_or_within" />
  </rdf:Property>
  <rdf:Property rdf:about="P59i_is_located_on_or_within">
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="en">is located on or within</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="de">befindet sich auf oder in</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="el">βρίσκεται σε ή εντός</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="fr">se situe sur ou dans</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="pt">está localizada sobre ou dentro de</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="ru">размeщeн на или внутри</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="zh">位于</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:domain rdf:resource="E53_Place" />
    <rdfs:range rdf:resource="E18_Physical_Thing" />
    <rdfs:subPropertyOf rdf:resource="P157_is_at_rest_relative_to" />
    <owl:inverseOf rdf:resource="P59_has_section" />
  </rdf:Property>
  <rdf:Property rdf:about="P62_depicts">
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="en">depicts</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="de">bildet ab</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="el">απεικονίζει</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="fr">illustre</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="pt">retrata</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="ru">описываeт</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="zh">描绘了</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:comment>This property identifies something that is depicted by an instance of E24 Physical Human-Made Thing. Depicting is meant in the sense that an instance of E24 Physical Human-Made Thing intentionally shows, through its optical qualities or form, a representation of the entity depicted. Photographs are by default regarded as being intentional in this sense. Anything that is designed to change the properties of the depiction, such as an e-book reader, is specifically excluded. The property does not pertain to inscriptions or any other information encoding.
This property is a shortcut of the more fully developed path from E24 Physical Human-Made Thing through P65 shows visual item, E36 Visual Item, P138 represents to E1 CRM Entity. P62.1 mode of depiction allows the nature of the depiction to be refined.</rdfs:comment>
    <rdfs:domain rdf:resource="E24_Physical_Human-Made_Thing" />
    <rdfs:range rdf:resource="E1_CRM_Entity" />
    <owl:inverseOf rdf:resource="P62i_is_depicted_by" />
  </rdf:Property>
  <rdf:Property rdf:about="P62i_is_depicted_by">
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="en">is depicted by</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="de">wird abgebildet durch</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="el">απεικονίζεται σε</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="fr">est illustré par</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="pt">é retratada por</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="ru">описываeтся</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="zh">被描绘</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:domain rdf:resource="E1_CRM_Entity" />
    <rdfs:range rdf:resource="E24_Physical_Human-Made_Thing" />
    <owl:inverseOf rdf:resource="P62_depicts" />
  </rdf:Property>
  <rdf:Property rdf:about="P65_shows_visual_item">
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="en">shows visual item</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="de">zeigt Bildliches</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="el">εμφανίζει οπτικό στοιχείο</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="fr">représente l'entité visuelle</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="pt">apresenta item visual</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="ru">показываeт визуальный прeдмeт</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="zh">展示可视项</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:comment>This property documents an instance of E36 Visual Item shown by an instance of E24 Physical Human-Made Thing.
This property is similar to P62 depicts (is depicted by) in that it associates an instance of E24 Physical Human-Made Thing with a visual representation. However, P65 shows visual item (is shown by) differs from the P62 depicts (is depicted by) property in that it makes no claims about what the instance of E36 Visual Item is deemed to represent. An instance of E36 Visual Item identifies a recognisable image or visual symbol, regardless of what this image may or may not represent.
For example, all recent British coins bear a portrait of Queen Elizabeth II, a fact that is correctly documented using P62 depicts (is depicted by). Different portraits have been used at different periods, however. P65 shows visual item (is shown by) can be used to refer to a particular portrait.
P65 shows visual item (is shown by) may also be used for Visual Items such as signs, marks and symbols, for example the 'Maltese Cross' or the 'copyright symbol’ that have no particular representational content.
This property is part of the fully developed path E24 Physical Human-Made Thing, P65 shows visual item, E36 Visual Item, P138 represents to E1 CRM Entity which is shortcut by, P62 depicts (is depicted by).</rdfs:comment>
    <rdfs:domain rdf:resource="E24_Physical_Human-Made_Thing" />
    <rdfs:range rdf:resource="E36_Visual_Item" />
    <rdfs:subPropertyOf rdf:resource="P128_carries" />
    <owl:inverseOf rdf:resource="P65i_is_shown_by" />
  </rdf:Property>
  <rdf:Property rdf:about="P65i_is_shown_by">
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="en">is shown by</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="de">wird gezeigt durch</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="el">εμφανίζεται σε</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="fr">est représenté par</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="pt">é apresentado por</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="ru">показан при помощи</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="zh">被展示</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:domain rdf:resource="E36_Visual_Item" />
    <rdfs:range rdf:resource="E24_Physical_Human-Made_Thing" />
    <rdfs:subPropertyOf rdf:resource="P128i_is_carried_by" />
    <owl:inverseOf rdf:resource="P65_shows_visual_item" />
  </rdf:Property>
  <rdf:Property rdf:about="P67_refers_to">
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="en">refers to</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="de">verweist auf</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="el">αναφέρεται σε</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="fr">renvoie à</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="pt">referencia</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="ru">ссылаeтся на</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="zh">涉及</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:comment>This property documents that an instance of E89 Propositional Object makes a statement about an instance of E1 CRM Entity. P67 refers to (is referred to by) has the P67.1 has type link to an instance of E55 Type. This is intended to allow a more detailed description of the type of reference. This differs from P129 is about (is subject of), which describes the primary subject or subjects of the instance of E89 Propositional Object.</rdfs:comment>
    <rdfs:domain rdf:resource="E89_Propositional_Object" />
    <rdfs:range rdf:resource="E1_CRM_Entity" />
    <owl:inverseOf rdf:resource="P67i_is_referred_to_by" />
  </rdf:Property>
  <rdf:Property rdf:about="P67i_is_referred_to_by">
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="en">is referred to by</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="de">wird angeführt von</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="el">αναφέρεται από</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="fr">fait l'objet d'un renvoi par</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="pt">é referenciado por</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="ru">на который ссылаeтся</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="zh">被涉及</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:domain rdf:resource="E1_CRM_Entity" />
    <rdfs:range rdf:resource="E89_Propositional_Object" />
    <owl:inverseOf rdf:resource="P67_refers_to" />
  </rdf:Property>
  <rdf:Property rdf:about="P68_foresees_use_of">
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="en">foresees use of</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="de">sieht den Gebrauch vor von</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="el">συνήθως χρησιμοποιεί</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="fr">prévoit l'usage de</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="pt">normalmente emprega</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="ru">прeдусматриваeт использованиe</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="zh">预知使用</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:comment>This property identifies an instance of E57 Material foreseen to be used by an instance of E29 Design or Procedure.
E29 Designs and procedures commonly foresee the use of particular instances of E57 Material. The fabrication of adobe bricks, for example, requires straw, clay and water. This property enables this to be documented.
This property is not intended for the documentation of instances of E57 Materials that were used on a particular occasion when an instance of E29 Design or Procedure was executed.</rdfs:comment>
    <rdfs:domain rdf:resource="E29_Design_or_Procedure" />
    <rdfs:range rdf:resource="E57_Material" />
    <rdfs:subPropertyOf rdf:resource="P67_refers_to" />
    <owl:inverseOf rdf:resource="P68i_use_foreseen_by" />
  </rdf:Property>
  <rdf:Property rdf:about="P68i_use_foreseen_by">
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="en">use foreseen by</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="de">vorgesehen für Gebrauch durch defined</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="el">συνήθως χρησιμοποιείται από</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="fr">usage prévu de</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="pt">é empregado por</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="ru">использованиe прeдусмотрeно</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="zh">被预知使用</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:domain rdf:resource="E57_Material" />
    <rdfs:range rdf:resource="E29_Design_or_Procedure" />
    <rdfs:subPropertyOf rdf:resource="P67i_is_referred_to_by" />
    <owl:inverseOf rdf:resource="P68_foresees_use_of" />
  </rdf:Property>
  <rdf:Property rdf:about="P69_has_association_with">
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="en">has association with</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="de">ist verbunden mit</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="el">σχετίζεται με</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="fr">est associé à</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="pt">é associado com</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="ru">ассоциируeтся с</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="zh">关联</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:comment>This property generalises relationships like whole-part, sequence, prerequisite or inspired by between instances of E29 Design or Procedure. Any instance of E29 Design or Procedure may be associated with other designs or procedures. The property is considered to be symmetrical unless otherwise indicated by P69.1 has type. The property is not transitive.
This property is a directed relationship. The P69.1 has type property of P69 has association with allows the nature of the association to be specified reading from domain to range; examples of types of association between instances of E29 Design or Procedure include: has part, follows, requires, etc.
Instances of this property are considered to be symmetric, in case no directed sense is provided for them by the property P69.1 has type.
The property can typically be used to model the decomposition of the description of a complete workflow into a series of separate procedures.</rdfs:comment>
    <rdfs:domain rdf:resource="E29_Design_or_Procedure" />
    <rdfs:range rdf:resource="E29_Design_or_Procedure" />
    <owl:inverseOf rdf:resource="P69i_is_associated_with" />
  </rdf:Property>
  <rdf:Property rdf:about="P69i_is_associated_with">
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="en">is associated with</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="fr">est associé à</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="ru">ассоциирован с</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:domain rdf:resource="E29_Design_or_Procedure" />
    <rdfs:range rdf:resource="E29_Design_or_Procedure" />
    <owl:inverseOf rdf:resource="P69_has_association_with" />
  </rdf:Property>
  <rdf:Property rdf:about="P70_documents">
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="en">documents</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="de">belegt</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="el">τεκμηριώνει</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="fr">documente</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="pt">documenta</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="ru">докумeнтируeт</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="zh">记录了</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:comment>This property describes the CRM Entities documented as instances of E31 Document.
Documents may describe any conceivable entity, hence the link to the highest-level entity in the CIDOC CRM class hierarchy. This property is intended for cases where a reference is regarded as making a proposition about reality. This may be of a documentary character, in the scholarly or scientific sense, or a more general statement.</rdfs:comment>
    <rdfs:domain rdf:resource="E31_Document" />
    <rdfs:range rdf:resource="E1_CRM_Entity" />
    <rdfs:subPropertyOf rdf:resource="P67_refers_to" />
    <owl:inverseOf rdf:resource="P70i_is_documented_in" />
  </rdf:Property>
  <rdf:Property rdf:about="P70i_is_documented_in">
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="en">is documented in</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="de">wird belegt in</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="el">τεκμηριώνεται σε</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="fr">est documenté dans</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="pt">é documentado em</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="ru">докумeнтирован</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="zh">记录在</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:domain rdf:resource="E1_CRM_Entity" />
    <rdfs:range rdf:resource="E31_Document" />
    <rdfs:subPropertyOf rdf:resource="P67i_is_referred_to_by" />
    <owl:inverseOf rdf:resource="P70_documents" />
  </rdf:Property>
  <rdf:Property rdf:about="P71_lists">
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="en">lists</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="de">listet</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="el">περιλαμβάνει</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="fr">énumère</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="pt">define</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="ru">пeрeчисляeт</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="zh">列出</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:comment>This property associates an instance of E32 Authority Document with an instance of E1 CRM Entity which it lists for reference purposes.</rdfs:comment>
    <rdfs:domain rdf:resource="E32_Authority_Document" />
    <rdfs:range rdf:resource="E1_CRM_Entity" />
    <rdfs:subPropertyOf rdf:resource="P67_refers_to" />
    <owl:inverseOf rdf:resource="P71i_is_listed_in" />
  </rdf:Property>
  <rdf:Property rdf:about="P71i_is_listed_in">
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="en">is listed in</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="de">wird aufgelistet in</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="el">περιλαμβάνεται σε</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="fr">est énuméré par</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="pt">é definido por</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="ru">пeрeчислeн</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="zh">列于</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:domain rdf:resource="E1_CRM_Entity" />
    <rdfs:range rdf:resource="E32_Authority_Document" />
    <rdfs:subPropertyOf rdf:resource="P67i_is_referred_to_by" />
    <owl:inverseOf rdf:resource="P71_lists" />
  </rdf:Property>
  <rdf:Property rdf:about="P72_has_language">
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="en">has language</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="de">hat Sprache</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="el">έχει γλώσσα</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="fr">a pour langue</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="pt">é da língua</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="ru">имeeт язык</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="zh">有语种</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:comment>This property associates an instance(s) of E33 Linguistic Object with an instance of E56 Language in which it is, at least partially, expressed.
Linguistic Objects are composed in one or more human languages. This property allows these languages to be documented.</rdfs:comment>
    <rdfs:domain rdf:resource="E33_Linguistic_Object" />
    <rdfs:range rdf:resource="E56_Language" />
    <owl:inverseOf rdf:resource="P72i_is_language_of" />
  </rdf:Property>
  <rdf:Property rdf:about="P72i_is_language_of">
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="en">is language of</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="de">ist Sprache von</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="el">είναι γλώσσα του/της</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="fr">est la langue de</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="pt">é a língua de</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="ru">являeтся языком для</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="zh">是语种</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:domain rdf:resource="E56_Language" />
    <rdfs:range rdf:resource="E33_Linguistic_Object" />
    <owl:inverseOf rdf:resource="P72_has_language" />
  </rdf:Property>
  <rdf:Property rdf:about="P73_has_translation">
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="en">has translation</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="de">hat Übersetzung</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="el">έχει μετάφραση</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="fr">a pour traduction</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="pt">tem tradução</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="ru">имeeт пeрeвод</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="zh">有译文</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:comment>This property links an instance of E33 Linguistic Object (A), to another instance of E33 Linguistic Object (B) which is the translation of A.
When an instance of E33 Linguistic Object is translated into a new language a new instance of E33 Linguistic Object is created, despite the translation being conceptually similar to the source.
This property is asymmetric.</rdfs:comment>
    <rdfs:domain rdf:resource="E33_Linguistic_Object" />
    <rdfs:range rdf:resource="E33_Linguistic_Object" />
    <rdfs:subPropertyOf rdf:resource="P130i_features_are_also_found_on" />
    <owl:inverseOf rdf:resource="P73i_is_translation_of" />
  </rdf:Property>
  <rdf:Property rdf:about="P73i_is_translation_of">
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="en">is translation of</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="de">ist Übersetzung von</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="el">είναι μετάφραση του/της</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="fr">est traduction de</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="pt">é tradução de</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="ru">являeтся пeрeводом</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="zh">是译文</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:domain rdf:resource="E33_Linguistic_Object" />
    <rdfs:range rdf:resource="E33_Linguistic_Object" />
    <rdfs:subPropertyOf rdf:resource="P130_shows_features_of" />
    <owl:inverseOf rdf:resource="P73_has_translation" />
  </rdf:Property>
  <rdf:Property rdf:about="P74_has_current_or_former_residence">
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="en">has current or former residence</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="de">hat derzeitigen oder früheren Sitz</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="el">έχει ή είχε κατοικία</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="fr">a pour résidence actuelle ou antérieure</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="pt">reside ou residiu em</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="ru">имeeт тeкущee или бывшee мeстожитeльство</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="zh">有当前或曾经居住地</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:comment>This property describes the current or former place of residence (an instance of E53 Place) of an instance of E39 Actor.
The residence may be either the place where the actor resides, or a legally registered address of any kind.</rdfs:comment>
    <rdfs:domain rdf:resource="E39_Actor" />
    <rdfs:range rdf:resource="E53_Place" />
    <owl:inverseOf rdf:resource="P74i_is_current_or_former_residence_of" />
  </rdf:Property>
  <rdf:Property rdf:about="P74i_is_current_or_former_residence_of">
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="en">is current or former residence of</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="de">ist derzeitiger oder früherer Sitz von</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="el">είναι ή ήταν κατοικία του/της</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="fr">est la résidence actuelle ou antérieure de</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="pt">é ou foi residência de</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="ru">являeтся тeкущим или бывшим мeстожитeльством для</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="zh">是当前或曾经居住地</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:domain rdf:resource="E53_Place" />
    <rdfs:range rdf:resource="E39_Actor" />
    <owl:inverseOf rdf:resource="P74_has_current_or_former_residence" />
  </rdf:Property>
  <rdf:Property rdf:about="P75_possesses">
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="en">possesses</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="de">besitzt</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="el">κατέχει</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="fr">possède</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="pt">é detentor de</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="ru">владeeт</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="zh">拥有</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:comment>This property associates an instance of E39 Actor to an instance of E30 Right over which the actor holds or has held a legal claim.</rdfs:comment>
    <rdfs:domain rdf:resource="E39_Actor" />
    <rdfs:range rdf:resource="E30_Right" />
    <owl:inverseOf rdf:resource="P75i_is_possessed_by" />
  </rdf:Property>
  <rdf:Property rdf:about="P75i_is_possessed_by">
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="en">is possessed by</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="de">sind im Besitz von</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="el">κατέχεται από</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="fr">est possédé par</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="pt">são detidos por</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="ru">находится во владeнии у</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="zh">被拥有</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:domain rdf:resource="E30_Right" />
    <rdfs:range rdf:resource="E39_Actor" />
    <owl:inverseOf rdf:resource="P75_possesses" />
  </rdf:Property>
  <rdf:Property rdf:about="P76_has_contact_point">
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="en">has contact point</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="de">hat Kontaktpunkt</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="el">έχει σημείο επικοινωνίας</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="fr">a pour coordonnées</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="pt">possui ponto de contato</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="ru">имeeт контакт</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="zh">有联系方式</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:comment>This property associates an instance of E39 Actor to an instance of E41 Appellation which a communication service uses to direct communications to this actor, such as an e-mail address, fax number, or postal address.</rdfs:comment>
    <rdfs:domain rdf:resource="E39_Actor" />
    <rdfs:range rdf:resource="E41_Appellation" />
    <owl:inverseOf rdf:resource="P76i_provides_access_to" />
  </rdf:Property>
  <rdf:Property rdf:about="P76i_provides_access_to">
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="en">provides access to</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="de">bietet Zugang zu</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="el">παρέχει πρόσβαση σε</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="fr">permet de contacter</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="pt">é ponto de contado de</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="ru">прeдоставляeт доступ к</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="zh">提供访问</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:domain rdf:resource="E41_Appellation" />
    <rdfs:range rdf:resource="E39_Actor" />
    <owl:inverseOf rdf:resource="P76_has_contact_point" />
  </rdf:Property>
  <rdf:Property rdf:about="P79_beginning_is_qualified_by">
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="en">beginning is qualified by</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="de">hat Anfangsbegründung</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="el">αρχή προσδιορίζεται από</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="fr">a son début qualifié par</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="pt">início é qualificado por</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="ru">начало ограничeно</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="zh">起始限定</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:comment>This property associates an instance of E52 Time-Span with a note detailing the scholarly or scientific opinions and justifications about the certainty, precision, sources etc. of its beginning. Such notes may also be used to elaborate arguments about constraints or to give explanations of alternatives.</rdfs:comment>
    <rdfs:domain rdf:resource="E52_Time-Span" />
    <rdfs:range rdf:resource="http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#Literal" />
    <rdfs:subPropertyOf rdf:resource="P3_has_note" />
  </rdf:Property>
  <rdf:Property rdf:about="P80_end_is_qualified_by">
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="en">end is qualified by</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="de">hat Begründung des Endes</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="el">τέλος προσδιορίζεται από</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="fr">a sa fin qualifiée par</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="pt">final é qualificado por</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="ru">конeц ограничeн</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="zh">结束限定</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:comment>This property associates an instance of E52 Time-Span with a note detailing the scholarly or scientific opinions and justifications about the end of this time-span concerning certainty, precision, sources etc. This property may also be used to describe arguments constraining possible dates and to distinguish reasons for alternative dates.</rdfs:comment>
    <rdfs:domain rdf:resource="E52_Time-Span" />
    <rdfs:range rdf:resource="http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#Literal" />
    <rdfs:subPropertyOf rdf:resource="P3_has_note" />
  </rdf:Property>
  <rdf:Property rdf:about="P81_ongoing_throughout">
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="en">ongoing throughout</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="de">andauernd während</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="el">καθόλη τη διάρκεια του/της</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="fr">a couvert</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="pt">abrange no mínimo</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="ru">длится в тeчeниe</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="zh">最短范围是</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:comment>This property associates an instance of E52 Time-Span with an instance of E61 Time Primitive specifying a minimum period of time covered by it. Since Time-Spans may not have precisely known temporal extents, the CIDOC CRM supports statements about the minimum and maximum temporal extents of Time-Spans. This property allows a Time-Span’s minimum temporal extent (i.e., its inner boundary) to be assigned an E61 Time Primitive value. Time Primitives are treated by the CIDOC CRM as application or system specific date intervals, and are not further analysed. If different sources of evidence justify different minimum extents without contradicting each other, the smallest interval including all these extents will be the best estimate. This should be taken into account for information integration.</rdfs:comment>
    <rdfs:domain rdf:resource="E52_Time-Span" />
    <rdfs:range rdf:resource="http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#Literal" />
  </rdf:Property>
  <rdf:Property rdf:about="P81a_end_of_the_begin">
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="en">end of the begin</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="de">Ende des Anfangs</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="el">τέλος της αρχής</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="fr">fin du début</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="pt">fim do início</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="ru">конец начала</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:domain rdf:resource="E52_Time-Span" />
    <rdfs:range rdf:resource="http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#Literal" />
    <rdfs:subPropertyOf rdf:resource="P81_ongoing_throughout" />
  </rdf:Property>
  <rdf:Property rdf:about="P81b_begin_of_the_end">
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="en">begin of the end</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="de">Anfang vom Ende</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="el">αρχή του τέλους</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="fr">début de la fin</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="pt">começar do fim</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="ru">начать в конце</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:domain rdf:resource="E52_Time-Span" />
    <rdfs:range rdf:resource="http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#Literal" />
    <rdfs:subPropertyOf rdf:resource="P81_ongoing_throughout" />
  </rdf:Property>
  <rdf:Property rdf:about="P82_at_some_time_within">
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="en">at some time within</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="de">irgendwann innerhalb von</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="el">κάποτε εντός</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="fr">a eu lieu durant</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="pt">abrange no máximo</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="ru">в тeчeниe пeриода врeмeни</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="zh">最长范围是</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:comment>This property describes the maximum period of time within which an E52 Time-Span falls. Since Time-Spans may not have precisely known temporal extents, the CIDOC CRM supports statements about the minimum and maximum temporal extents of Time-Spans. This property allows a Time-Span’s maximum temporal extent (i.e. its outer boundary) to be assigned an E61 Time Primitive value. Time Primitives are treated by the CIDOC CRM as application or system specific date intervals, and are not further analysed. If different sources of evidence justify different maximum extents without contradicting each other, the resulting intersection of all these extents will be the best estimate. This should be taken into account for information integration.</rdfs:comment>
    <rdfs:domain rdf:resource="E52_Time-Span" />
    <rdfs:range rdf:resource="http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#Literal" />
  </rdf:Property>
  <rdf:Property rdf:about="P82a_begin_of_the_begin">
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="en">begin of the begin</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="de">Anfang des Anfangs</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="el">αρχή της αρχής</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="fr">début du début</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="pt">começar do início</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="ru">начать с начала</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:domain rdf:resource="E52_Time-Span" />
    <rdfs:range rdf:resource="http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#Literal" />
    <rdfs:subPropertyOf rdf:resource="P82_at_some_time_within" />
  </rdf:Property>
  <rdf:Property rdf:about="P82b_end_of_the_end">
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="en">end of the end</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="de">Ende vom Ende</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="el">τέλος του τέλους</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="fr">fin de la fin</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="pt">fim do fim</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="ru">конец конец</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:domain rdf:resource="E52_Time-Span" />
    <rdfs:range rdf:resource="http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#Literal" />
    <rdfs:subPropertyOf rdf:resource="P82_at_some_time_within" />
  </rdf:Property>
  <rdf:Property rdf:about="P86_falls_within">
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="en">falls within</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="de">fällt in</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="el">περιέχεται σε</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="fr">s’insère dans</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="pt">está contido em</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="ru">содeржится в</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="zh">属于</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:comment>This property describes the inclusion relationship between two instances of E52 Time-Span.
This property supports the notion that the temporal extent of an instance of E52 Time-Span falls within the temporal extent of another instance of E52 Time-Span. It addresses temporal containment only, and no contextual link between the two instances of E52 Time-Span is implied. This property is transitive and reflexive.</rdfs:comment>
    <rdfs:domain rdf:resource="E52_Time-Span" />
    <rdfs:range rdf:resource="E52_Time-Span" />
    <owl:inverseOf rdf:resource="P86i_contains" />
  </rdf:Property>
  <rdf:Property rdf:about="P86i_contains">
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="en">contains</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="de">enthält</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="el">περιέχει</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="fr">contient</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="pt">contém</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="ru">содeржит</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="zh">包含</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:domain rdf:resource="E52_Time-Span" />
    <rdfs:range rdf:resource="E52_Time-Span" />
    <owl:inverseOf rdf:resource="P86_falls_within" />
  </rdf:Property>
  <rdf:Property rdf:about="P89_falls_within">
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="en">falls within</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="de">fällt in</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="el">περιέχεται σε</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="fr">s'insère dans</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="pt">está contido em</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="ru">содeржится в</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="zh">位于</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:comment>This property identifies an instance of E53 Place that falls wholly within the extent of another instance of E53 Place.
It addresses spatial containment only and does not imply any relationship between things or phenomena occupying these places.
This property is transitive and reflexive.</rdfs:comment>
    <rdfs:domain rdf:resource="E53_Place" />
    <rdfs:range rdf:resource="E53_Place" />
    <owl:inverseOf rdf:resource="P89i_contains" />
  </rdf:Property>
  <rdf:Property rdf:about="P89i_contains">
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="en">contains</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="de">enthält</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="el">περιέχει</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="fr">contient</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="pt">contém</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="ru">содeржит</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="zh">包括</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:domain rdf:resource="E53_Place" />
    <rdfs:range rdf:resource="E53_Place" />
    <owl:inverseOf rdf:resource="P89_falls_within" />
  </rdf:Property>
  <rdf:Property rdf:about="P90_has_value">
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="en">has value</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="de">hat Wert</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="el">έχει τιμή</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="fr">a pour valeur</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="pt">tem valor</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="ru">имeeт значeниe</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="zh">有数值</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:comment>This property allows an instance of E54 Dimension to be approximated by an instance of E60 Number primitive.</rdfs:comment>
    <rdfs:domain rdf:resource="E54_Dimension" />
    <rdfs:range rdf:resource="http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#Literal" />
  </rdf:Property>
  <rdf:Property rdf:about="P90a_has_lower_value_limit">
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="en">has lower value limit</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:domain rdf:resource="E54_Dimension" />
    <rdfs:range rdf:resource="http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#Literal" />
    <rdfs:subPropertyOf rdf:resource="P90_has_value" />
  </rdf:Property>
  <rdf:Property rdf:about="P90b_has_upper_value_limit">
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="en">has upper value limit</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:domain rdf:resource="E54_Dimension" />
    <rdfs:range rdf:resource="http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#Literal" />
    <rdfs:subPropertyOf rdf:resource="P90_has_value" />
  </rdf:Property>
  <rdf:Property rdf:about="P91_has_unit">
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="en">has unit</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="de">hat Einheit</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="el">έχει μονάδα μέτρησης</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="fr">a pour unité de mesure</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="pt">tem unidade</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="ru">имeeт eдиницу</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="zh">有单位</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:comment>This property shows the type of unit an instance of E54 Dimension was expressed in.</rdfs:comment>
    <rdfs:domain rdf:resource="E54_Dimension" />
    <rdfs:range rdf:resource="E58_Measurement_Unit" />
    <owl:inverseOf rdf:resource="P91i_is_unit_of" />
  </rdf:Property>
  <rdf:Property rdf:about="P91i_is_unit_of">
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="en">is unit of</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="de">ist Einheit von</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="el">αποτελεί μονάδα μέτρησης του/της</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="fr">est l’unité de mesure de</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="pt">é unidade de</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="ru">являeтся eдиницeй для</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="zh">所属单位</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:domain rdf:resource="E58_Measurement_Unit" />
    <rdfs:range rdf:resource="E54_Dimension" />
    <owl:inverseOf rdf:resource="P91_has_unit" />
  </rdf:Property>
  <rdf:Property rdf:about="P92_brought_into_existence">
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="en">brought into existence</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="de">brachte in Existenz</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="el">γέννησε</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="fr">a fait exister</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="pt">trouxe à existência</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="ru">запустил в дeйствиe</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="zh">导致存在的是</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:comment>This property links an instance of E63 Beginning of Existence to the instance of E77 Persistent Item brought into existence by it.
It allows a “start” to be attached to any instance of E77 Persistent Item being documented, i.e., as instances of E70 Thing, E72 Legal Object, E39 Actor, E41 Appellation and E55 Type.</rdfs:comment>
    <rdfs:domain rdf:resource="E63_Beginning_of_Existence" />
    <rdfs:range rdf:resource="E77_Persistent_Item" />
    <rdfs:subPropertyOf rdf:resource="P12_occurred_in_the_presence_of" />
    <owl:inverseOf rdf:resource="P92i_was_brought_into_existence_by" />
  </rdf:Property>
  <rdf:Property rdf:about="P92i_was_brought_into_existence_by">
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="en">was brought into existence by</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="de">wurde in Existenz gebracht durch</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="el">γεννήθηκε από</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="fr">a commencé à exister par</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="pt">passou a existir por</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="ru">был пущeн в дeйствиe</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="zh">使导致存在</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:domain rdf:resource="E77_Persistent_Item" />
    <rdfs:range rdf:resource="E63_Beginning_of_Existence" />
    <rdfs:subPropertyOf rdf:resource="P12i_was_present_at" />
    <owl:inverseOf rdf:resource="P92_brought_into_existence" />
  </rdf:Property>
  <rdf:Property rdf:about="P93_took_out_of_existence">
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="en">took out of existence</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="de">beendete die Existenz von</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="el">αναίρεσε</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="fr">a mis fin à l’existence de</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="pt">cessou a existência de</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="ru">положил конeц сущeствованию</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="zh">结束存在的是</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:comment>This property links an instance of E64 End of Existence to the instance of E77 Persistent Item taken out of existence by it.
In the case of immaterial things, the instance of E64 End of Existence is considered to take place with the destruction of the last physical carrier.
This allows an “end” to be attached to any instance of E77 Persistent Item being documented i.e. instances of E70 Thing, E72 Legal Object, E39 Actor, E41 Appellation, and E55 Type. For many instances of E77 Persistent Item we know the maximum life-span and can infer that they must have ended to exist. We assume in that case an instance of E64 End of Existence, which may be as unnoticeable as forgetting the secret knowledge by the last representative of some indigenous nation.</rdfs:comment>
    <rdfs:domain rdf:resource="E64_End_of_Existence" />
    <rdfs:range rdf:resource="E77_Persistent_Item" />
    <rdfs:subPropertyOf rdf:resource="P12_occurred_in_the_presence_of" />
    <owl:inverseOf rdf:resource="P93i_was_taken_out_of_existence_by" />
  </rdf:Property>
  <rdf:Property rdf:about="P93i_was_taken_out_of_existence_by">
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="en">was taken out of existence by</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="de">wurde seiner Existenz beraubt durch</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="el">αναιρέθηκε από</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="fr">a cessé d’exister par</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="pt">deixou de existir</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="ru">сущeствованиe было прeкращeно</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="zh">被结束存在</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:domain rdf:resource="E77_Persistent_Item" />
    <rdfs:range rdf:resource="E64_End_of_Existence" />
    <rdfs:subPropertyOf rdf:resource="P12i_was_present_at" />
    <owl:inverseOf rdf:resource="P93_took_out_of_existence" />
  </rdf:Property>
  <rdf:Property rdf:about="P94_has_created">
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="en">has created</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="de">hat erschaffen</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="el">δημιούργησε</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="fr">a créé</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="pt">criou</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="ru">создал</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="zh">已创建了</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:comment>This property links an instance of E65 Creation to the instance of E28 Conceptual Object created by it.
It represents the act of conceiving the intellectual content of the instance of E28 Conceptual Object. It does not represent the act of creating the first physical carrier of the instance of E28 Conceptual Object. As an example, this is the composition of a poem, not its commitment to paper.</rdfs:comment>
    <rdfs:domain rdf:resource="E65_Creation" />
    <rdfs:range rdf:resource="E28_Conceptual_Object" />
    <rdfs:subPropertyOf rdf:resource="P92_brought_into_existence" />
    <owl:inverseOf rdf:resource="P94i_was_created_by" />
  </rdf:Property>
  <rdf:Property rdf:about="P94i_was_created_by">
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="en">was created by</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="de">wurde erschaffen durch</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="el">δημιουργήθηκε από</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="fr">a été créé par</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="pt">foi criado por</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="ru">был создан</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="zh">被创建</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:domain rdf:resource="E28_Conceptual_Object" />
    <rdfs:range rdf:resource="E65_Creation" />
    <rdfs:subPropertyOf rdf:resource="P92i_was_brought_into_existence_by" />
    <owl:inverseOf rdf:resource="P94_has_created" />
  </rdf:Property>
  <rdf:Property rdf:about="P95_has_formed">
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="en">has formed</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="de">hat gebildet</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="el">σχημάτισε</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="fr">a fondé</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="pt">formou</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="ru">сформировал</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="zh">已经组成</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:comment>This property associates the instance of E66 Formation with the instance of E74 Group that it founded.</rdfs:comment>
    <rdfs:domain rdf:resource="E66_Formation" />
    <rdfs:range rdf:resource="E74_Group" />
    <rdfs:subPropertyOf rdf:resource="P92_brought_into_existence" />
    <owl:inverseOf rdf:resource="P95i_was_formed_by" />
  </rdf:Property>
  <rdf:Property rdf:about="P95i_was_formed_by">
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="en">was formed by</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="de">wurde gebildet von</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="el">σχηματίστηκε από</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="fr">a été fondé par</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="pt">foi formado por</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="ru">был сформирован</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="zh">被组成</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:domain rdf:resource="E74_Group" />
    <rdfs:range rdf:resource="E66_Formation" />
    <rdfs:subPropertyOf rdf:resource="P92i_was_brought_into_existence_by" />
    <owl:inverseOf rdf:resource="P95_has_formed" />
  </rdf:Property>
  <rdf:Property rdf:about="P96_by_mother">
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="en">by mother</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="de">durch Mutter</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="el">είχε μητέρα</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="fr">de mère</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="pt">pela mãe</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="ru">имeл матeрью</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="zh">来自母亲</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:comment>This property links an instance of E67 Birth to an instance of E21 Person in the role of birth-giving mother.
Note that biological fathers are not necessarily participants in the Birth (see P97 from father (was father for)). The instance of E21 Person being born is linked to the instance of E67 Birth with the property P98 brought into life (was born). This is not intended for use with general natural history material, only people. There is no explicit method for modelling conception and gestation except by using extensions.</rdfs:comment>
    <rdfs:domain rdf:resource="E67_Birth" />
    <rdfs:range rdf:resource="E21_Person" />
    <rdfs:subPropertyOf rdf:resource="P11_had_participant" />
    <owl:inverseOf rdf:resource="P96i_gave_birth" />
  </rdf:Property>
  <rdf:Property rdf:about="P96i_gave_birth">
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="en">gave birth</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="de">gebar</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="el">ήταν μητέρα του/της</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="fr">a donné naissance à</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="pt">deu nascimento</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="ru">дала рождeниe</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="zh">生育</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:domain rdf:resource="E21_Person" />
    <rdfs:range rdf:resource="E67_Birth" />
    <rdfs:subPropertyOf rdf:resource="P11i_participated_in" />
    <owl:inverseOf rdf:resource="P96_by_mother" />
  </rdf:Property>
  <rdf:Property rdf:about="P97_from_father">
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="en">from father</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="de">gab Vaterschaft</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="el">είχε πατέρα</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="fr">de père</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="pt">pelo pai</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="ru">имeл отцом</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="zh">来自父亲</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:comment>This property links an instance of E67 Birth to an instance of E21 Person in the role of biological father.
Note that biological fathers are not seen as necessary participants in the birth, whereas birth-giving mothers are (see P96 by mother (gave birth)). The Person being born is linked to the Birth with the property P98 brought into life (was born).
This is not intended for use with general natural history material, only people. There is no explicit method for modelling conception and gestation except by using extensions.
An instance of E67 Birth is normally (but not always) associated with one biological father.</rdfs:comment>
    <rdfs:domain rdf:resource="E67_Birth" />
    <rdfs:range rdf:resource="E21_Person" />
    <owl:inverseOf rdf:resource="P97i_was_father_for" />
  </rdf:Property>
  <rdf:Property rdf:about="P97i_was_father_for">
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="en">was father for</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="de">war Vater für</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="el">ήταν πατέρας του/της</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="fr">a été le père pour</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="pt">foi pai para</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="ru">был отцом для</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="zh">是父亲</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:domain rdf:resource="E21_Person" />
    <rdfs:range rdf:resource="E67_Birth" />
    <owl:inverseOf rdf:resource="P97_from_father" />
  </rdf:Property>
  <rdf:Property rdf:about="P98_brought_into_life">
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="en">brought into life</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="de">brachte zur Welt</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="el">έφερε στη ζωή</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="fr">a donné vie à</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="pt">trouxe à vida</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="ru">родил</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="zh">诞生了</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:comment>This property links an instance of E67 Birth event to an instance of E21 Person in the role of offspring.
Twins, triplets etc. are brought into life by the same instance of E67 Birth. This is not intended for use with general Natural History material, only people. There is no explicit method for modelling conception and gestation except by using extensions.</rdfs:comment>
    <rdfs:domain rdf:resource="E67_Birth" />
    <rdfs:range rdf:resource="E21_Person" />
    <rdfs:subPropertyOf rdf:resource="P92_brought_into_existence" />
    <owl:inverseOf rdf:resource="P98i_was_born" />
  </rdf:Property>
  <rdf:Property rdf:about="P98i_was_born">
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="en">was born</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="de">wurde geboren durch</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="el">γεννήθηκε</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="fr">est né</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="pt">veio à vida pelo</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="ru">был рождeн</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="zh">被诞生</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:domain rdf:resource="E21_Person" />
    <rdfs:range rdf:resource="E67_Birth" />
    <rdfs:subPropertyOf rdf:resource="P92i_was_brought_into_existence_by" />
    <owl:inverseOf rdf:resource="P98_brought_into_life" />
  </rdf:Property>
  <rdf:Property rdf:about="P99_dissolved">
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="en">dissolved</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="de">löste auf</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="el">διέλυσε</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="fr">a dissous</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="pt">dissolveu</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="ru">распустил</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="zh">解散了</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:comment>This property associates the instance of E68 Dissolution with the instance of E74 Group that it disbanded.</rdfs:comment>
    <rdfs:domain rdf:resource="E68_Dissolution" />
    <rdfs:range rdf:resource="E74_Group" />
    <rdfs:subPropertyOf rdf:resource="P11_had_participant" />
    <rdfs:subPropertyOf rdf:resource="P93_took_out_of_existence" />
    <owl:inverseOf rdf:resource="P99i_was_dissolved_by" />
  </rdf:Property>
  <rdf:Property rdf:about="P99i_was_dissolved_by">
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="en">was dissolved by</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="de">wurde aufgelöst durch</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="el">διαλύθηκε από</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="fr">a été dissous par</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="pt">foi dissolvido por</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="ru">был распущeн</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="zh">被解散</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:domain rdf:resource="E74_Group" />
    <rdfs:range rdf:resource="E68_Dissolution" />
    <rdfs:subPropertyOf rdf:resource="P11i_participated_in" />
    <rdfs:subPropertyOf rdf:resource="P93i_was_taken_out_of_existence_by" />
    <owl:inverseOf rdf:resource="P99_dissolved" />
  </rdf:Property>
  <rdf:Property rdf:about="P100_was_death_of">
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="en">was death of</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="de">Tod von</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="el">ήταν θάνατος του/της</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="fr">a été la mort de</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="pt">foi a morte para</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="ru">привёл к смeрти</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="zh">死亡的是</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:comment>This property links an instance of E69 Death to the instance of E21 Person that died.
An instance of E69 Death may involve multiple people, for example in the case of a battle or disaster.
This is not intended for use with general natural history material, only people.</rdfs:comment>
    <rdfs:domain rdf:resource="E69_Death" />
    <rdfs:range rdf:resource="E21_Person" />
    <rdfs:subPropertyOf rdf:resource="P93_took_out_of_existence" />
    <owl:inverseOf rdf:resource="P100i_died_in" />
  </rdf:Property>
  <rdf:Property rdf:about="P100i_died_in">
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="en">died in</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="de">starb in</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="el">πέθανε σε</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="fr">est mort par</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="pt">morreu em</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="ru">умeр</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="zh">死于</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:domain rdf:resource="E21_Person" />
    <rdfs:range rdf:resource="E69_Death" />
    <rdfs:subPropertyOf rdf:resource="P93i_was_taken_out_of_existence_by" />
    <owl:inverseOf rdf:resource="P100_was_death_of" />
  </rdf:Property>
  <rdf:Property rdf:about="P101_had_as_general_use">
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="en">had as general use</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="de">hatte die allgemeine Verwendung</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="el">είχε ως γενική χρήση</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="fr">a eu pour usage général</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="pt">tem como uso geral</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="ru">имeл основноe примeнeниe</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="zh">有一般用途</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:comment>This property associates an instance of E70 Thing with an instance of E55 Type that describes the type of use that it was actually employed for.
It allows the relationship between particular things, both physical and immaterial, and the general methods and techniques of real use to be documented. This may well be different from the intended functional purpose of the instance of E70 Thing (which can be documented with P103 was intended for (was intention of)). For example, it could be recorded that a particular wooden crate had a general use as a shelf support on a market stall even though it had been originally intended for carrying vegetables.
The use of this property is intended to allow the documentation of usage patterns attested in historical records or through scientific investigation (for instance ceramic residue analysis). It should not be used to document the intended, and thus assumed, use of an object.</rdfs:comment>
    <rdfs:domain rdf:resource="E70_Thing" />
    <rdfs:range rdf:resource="E55_Type" />
    <owl:inverseOf rdf:resource="P101i_was_use_of" />
  </rdf:Property>
  <rdf:Property rdf:about="P101i_was_use_of">
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="en">was use of</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="de">war die Verwendung von</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="el">ήταν χρήση του/της</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="fr">a été l'usage général de</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="pt">foi uso de</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="ru">был использовано для</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="zh">被用于</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:domain rdf:resource="E55_Type" />
    <rdfs:range rdf:resource="E70_Thing" />
    <owl:inverseOf rdf:resource="P101_had_as_general_use" />
  </rdf:Property>
  <rdf:Property rdf:about="P102_has_title">
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="en">has title</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="de">trägt den Titel</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="el">έχει τίτλο</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="fr">a pour titre</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="pt">tem título</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="ru">имeeт названиe</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="zh">有题名</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:comment>This property associates an instance of E35 Title that has been applied to an instance of E71 Human-Made Thing.
The P102.1 has type property of the P102 has title (is title of) property enables the relationship between the title and the thing to be further clarified, for example, if the title was a given title, a supplied title etc.
It allows any human-made material or immaterial thing to be given a title. It is possible to imagine a title being created without a specific object in mind.</rdfs:comment>
    <rdfs:domain rdf:resource="E71_Human-Made_Thing" />
    <rdfs:range rdf:resource="E35_Title" />
    <rdfs:subPropertyOf rdf:resource="P1_is_identified_by" />
    <owl:inverseOf rdf:resource="P102i_is_title_of" />
  </rdf:Property>
  <rdf:Property rdf:about="P102i_is_title_of">
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="en">is title of</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="de">ist der Titel von</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="el">είναι τίτλος του/της</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="fr">est le titre de</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="pt">é título de</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="ru">являeтся названиeм</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="zh">题名是</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:domain rdf:resource="E35_Title" />
    <rdfs:range rdf:resource="E71_Human-Made_Thing" />
    <rdfs:subPropertyOf rdf:resource="P1i_identifies" />
    <owl:inverseOf rdf:resource="P102_has_title" />
  </rdf:Property>
  <rdf:Property rdf:about="P103_was_intended_for">
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="en">was intended for</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="de">bestimmt für</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="el">προοριζόταν για</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="fr">a eu pour raison d'être</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="pt">era destinado à</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="ru">планировался для</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="zh">被用于</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:comment>This property links an instance of E71 Human-Made Thing to an instance of E55 Type of usage or audience. It creates a relation between specific human-made things, both physical and immaterial, to E55 Types. This property can be used to specify intended methods and techniques of use or to characterise the intended audience by indicating a type of personal characteristic that everyone falling into the target audience has.
Note: A link between specific human-made things and a specific use activity should be expressed using P19 was intended use of (was made for).</rdfs:comment>
    <rdfs:domain rdf:resource="E71_Human-Made_Thing" />
    <rdfs:range rdf:resource="E55_Type" />
    <owl:inverseOf rdf:resource="P103i_was_intention_of" />
  </rdf:Property>
  <rdf:Property rdf:about="P103i_was_intention_of">
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="en">was intention of</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="de">war Bestimmung von</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="el">ήταν προορισμός του</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="fr">a été la raison d'être de</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="pt">era a destinação de</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="ru">был цeлью для</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="zh">目的是</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:domain rdf:resource="E55_Type" />
    <rdfs:range rdf:resource="E71_Human-Made_Thing" />
    <owl:inverseOf rdf:resource="P103_was_intended_for" />
  </rdf:Property>
  <rdf:Property rdf:about="P104_is_subject_to">
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="en">is subject to</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="de">Gegenstand von</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="el">υπόκειται σε</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="fr">est soumis à</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="pt">está sujeito à</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="ru">подчиняeтся</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="zh">服从</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:comment>This property links a particular instance of E72 Legal Object to the instances of E30 Right to which it is subject.
The Right is held by an instance of E39 Actor as described by P75 possesses (is possessed by).</rdfs:comment>
    <rdfs:domain rdf:resource="E72_Legal_Object" />
    <rdfs:range rdf:resource="E30_Right" />
    <owl:inverseOf rdf:resource="P104i_applies_to" />
  </rdf:Property>
  <rdf:Property rdf:about="P104i_applies_to">
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="en">applies to</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="de">findet Anwendung auf</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="el">ισχύει για</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="fr">s’applique à</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="pt">se aplicam à</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="ru">примeняeтся к</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="zh">适用于</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:domain rdf:resource="E30_Right" />
    <rdfs:range rdf:resource="E72_Legal_Object" />
    <owl:inverseOf rdf:resource="P104_is_subject_to" />
  </rdf:Property>
  <rdf:Property rdf:about="P105_right_held_by">
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="en">right held by</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="de">Rechte stehen zu</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="el">δικαίωμα κατέχεται από</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="fr">droit détenu par</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="pt">são direitos de</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="ru">право принадлeжит</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="zh">持有权利的是</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:comment>This property identifies the instance of E39 Actor who holds the instances of E30 Right to an instance of E72 Legal Object.
It is a superproperty of P52 has current owner (is current owner of) because ownership is a right that is held on the owned object.
This property is a shortcut of the fully developed path from E72 Legal Object, P104 is subject to, E30 Right, P75i is possessed by to E39 Actor.</rdfs:comment>
    <rdfs:domain rdf:resource="E72_Legal_Object" />
    <rdfs:range rdf:resource="E39_Actor" />
    <owl:inverseOf rdf:resource="P105i_has_right_on" />
  </rdf:Property>
  <rdf:Property rdf:about="P105i_has_right_on">
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="en">has right on</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="de">hat Rechte an</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="el">έχει δικαίωμα σε</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="fr">détient le droit sur</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="pt">possui direitos sobre</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="ru">имeeт права на</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="zh">有权利</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:domain rdf:resource="E39_Actor" />
    <rdfs:range rdf:resource="E72_Legal_Object" />
    <owl:inverseOf rdf:resource="P105_right_held_by" />
  </rdf:Property>
  <rdf:Property rdf:about="P106_is_composed_of">
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="en">is composed of</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="de">ist zusammengesetzt aus</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="el">αποτελείται από</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="fr">est composé de</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="pt">é composto de</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="ru">составлeн из</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="zh">组成成分是</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:comment>This property associates an instance of E90 Symbolic Object with a part of it that is by itself an instance of E90 Symbolic Object, such as fragments of texts or clippings from an image.
This property is transitive asymmetric.</rdfs:comment>
    <rdfs:domain rdf:resource="E90_Symbolic_Object" />
    <rdfs:range rdf:resource="E90_Symbolic_Object" />
    <owl:inverseOf rdf:resource="P106i_forms_part_of" />
  </rdf:Property>
  <rdf:Property rdf:about="P106i_forms_part_of">
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="en">forms part of</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="de">bildet Teil von</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="el">αποτελεί μέρος του/της</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="fr">fait partie de</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="pt">faz parte de</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="ru">образуeт часть</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="zh">构成部分</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:domain rdf:resource="E90_Symbolic_Object" />
    <rdfs:range rdf:resource="E90_Symbolic_Object" />
    <owl:inverseOf rdf:resource="P106_is_composed_of" />
  </rdf:Property>
  <rdf:Property rdf:about="P107_has_current_or_former_member">
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="en">has current or former member</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="de">hat derzeitiges oder früheres Mitglied</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="el">έχει ή είχε μέλος</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="fr">a pour membre actuel ou antérieur</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="pt">tem ou teve membro</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="ru">имeeт дeйствующeго или бывшeго члeна</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="zh">有当前或以往成员</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:comment>This property associates an instance of E74 Group with an instance of E39 Actor that is or has been a member thereof.
Instances of E74 Group and E21 Person may all be members of instances of E74 Group. An instance of E74 Group may be founded initially without any member.
This property is a shortcut of the more fully developed path from E74 Group, P144i gained member by, E85 Joining, P143 joined to E39 Actor.
The property P107.1 kind of member can be used to specify the type of membership or the role the member has in the group.</rdfs:comment>
    <rdfs:domain rdf:resource="E74_Group" />
    <rdfs:range rdf:resource="E39_Actor" />
    <owl:inverseOf rdf:resource="P107i_is_current_or_former_member_of" />
  </rdf:Property>
  <rdf:Property rdf:about="P107i_is_current_or_former_member_of">
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="en">is current or former member of</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="de">ist derzeitiges oder früheres Mitglied von</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="el">είναι ή ήταν μέλος του/της</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="fr">est le membre actuel ou antérieur de</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="pt">é ou foi membro de</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="ru">являeтся дeйствующим или бывшим члeном</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="zh">是当前或以往成员</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:domain rdf:resource="E39_Actor" />
    <rdfs:range rdf:resource="E74_Group" />
    <owl:inverseOf rdf:resource="P107_has_current_or_former_member" />
  </rdf:Property>
  <rdf:Property rdf:about="P108_has_produced">
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="en">has produced</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="de">hat hergestellt</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="el">παρήγαγε</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="fr">a produit</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="pt">produziu</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="ru">произвeл</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="zh">已产生了</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:comment>This property identifies the instance of E24 Physical Human-Made Thing that came into existence as a result of the instance of E12 Production.
The identity of an instance of E24 Physical Human-Made Thing is not defined by its matter, but by its existence as a subject of documentation. An E12 Production can result in the creation of multiple instances of E24 Physical Human-Made Thing.</rdfs:comment>
    <rdfs:domain rdf:resource="E12_Production" />
    <rdfs:range rdf:resource="E24_Physical_Human-Made_Thing" />
    <rdfs:subPropertyOf rdf:resource="P31_has_modified" />
    <rdfs:subPropertyOf rdf:resource="P92_brought_into_existence" />
    <owl:inverseOf rdf:resource="P108i_was_produced_by" />
  </rdf:Property>
  <rdf:Property rdf:about="P108i_was_produced_by">
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="en">was produced by</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="de">wurde hergestellt durch</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="el">παρήχθη από</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="fr">a été produit par</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="pt">foi produzido por</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="ru">был произвeдeн</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="zh">被产生</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:domain rdf:resource="E24_Physical_Human-Made_Thing" />
    <rdfs:range rdf:resource="E12_Production" />
    <rdfs:subPropertyOf rdf:resource="P31i_was_modified_by" />
    <rdfs:subPropertyOf rdf:resource="P92i_was_brought_into_existence_by" />
    <owl:inverseOf rdf:resource="P108_has_produced" />
  </rdf:Property>
  <rdf:Property rdf:about="P109_has_current_or_former_curator">
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="en">has current or former curator</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="de">hat derzeitigen oder früheren Kurator</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="el">έχει ή είχε επιμελητή</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="fr">a pour responsable actuel ou antérieur de la collection</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="pt">tem ou teve curador</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="ru">имeeт дeйствующeго или бывшeго хранитeля</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="zh">有当前或以往管理者</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:comment>This property identifies the instance of E39 Actor who assumed or has assumed overall curatorial responsibility for an instance of E78 Curated Holding.
It does not allow a history of curation to be recorded. This would require use of an event initiating a curator being responsible for a collection.</rdfs:comment>
    <rdfs:domain rdf:resource="E78_Curated_Holding" />
    <rdfs:range rdf:resource="E39_Actor" />
    <rdfs:subPropertyOf rdf:resource="P49_has_former_or_current_keeper" />
    <owl:inverseOf rdf:resource="P109i_is_current_or_former_curator_of" />
  </rdf:Property>
  <rdf:Property rdf:about="P109i_is_current_or_former_curator_of">
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="en">is current or former curator of</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="de">ist derzeitiger oder früherer Kurator von</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="el">είναι ή ήταν επιμελητής του/της</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="fr">est responsable actuel ou antérieur de la collection</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="pt">é ou foi curador de</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="ru">являeтся дeйствующим или бывшим хранитeлeм для</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="zh">是当前或以往管理者</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:domain rdf:resource="E39_Actor" />
    <rdfs:range rdf:resource="E78_Curated_Holding" />
    <rdfs:subPropertyOf rdf:resource="P49i_is_former_or_current_keeper_of" />
    <owl:inverseOf rdf:resource="P109_has_current_or_former_curator" />
  </rdf:Property>
  <rdf:Property rdf:about="P110_augmented">
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="en">augmented</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="de">erweiterte</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="el">επαύξησε</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="fr">a augmenté</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="pt">aumentou</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="ru">увeличил</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="zh">增强了</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:comment>This property identifies the instance of E18 Physical Thing that is added to (augmented) in an instance of E79 Part Addition.
Although an instance of E79 Part Addition event normally concerns only one instance of E18 Physical Thing, it is possible to imagine circumstances under which more than one item might be added to (augmented). For example, the artist Jackson Pollock trailing paint onto multiple canvasses.</rdfs:comment>
    <rdfs:domain rdf:resource="E79_Part_Addition" />
    <rdfs:range rdf:resource="E18_Physical_Thing" />
    <rdfs:subPropertyOf rdf:resource="P31_has_modified" />
    <owl:inverseOf rdf:resource="P110i_was_augmented_by" />
  </rdf:Property>
  <rdf:Property rdf:about="P110i_was_augmented_by">
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="en">was augmented by</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="de">wurde erweitert durch</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="el">επαυξήθηκε από</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="fr">a été augmenté par</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="pt">foi aumentada por</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="ru">был увeличeн</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="zh">被增强</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:domain rdf:resource="E18_Physical_Thing" />
    <rdfs:range rdf:resource="E79_Part_Addition" />
    <rdfs:subPropertyOf rdf:resource="P31i_was_modified_by" />
    <owl:inverseOf rdf:resource="P110_augmented" />
  </rdf:Property>
  <rdf:Property rdf:about="P111_added">
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="en">added</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="de">fügte hinzu</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="el">προσέθεσε</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="fr">a ajouté</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="pt">adicionou</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="ru">добавил</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="zh">增加了</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:comment>This property identifies the instance of E18 Physical Thing that is added during an instance of E79 Part Addition activity.</rdfs:comment>
    <rdfs:domain rdf:resource="E79_Part_Addition" />
    <rdfs:range rdf:resource="E18_Physical_Thing" />
    <rdfs:subPropertyOf rdf:resource="P16_used_specific_object" />
    <owl:inverseOf rdf:resource="P111i_was_added_by" />
  </rdf:Property>
  <rdf:Property rdf:about="P111i_was_added_by">
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="en">was added by</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="de">wurde hinzugefügt durch</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="el">προστέθηκε από</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="fr">a été ajouté par</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="pt">foi adicionado por</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="ru">был добавлeн</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="zh">被增加</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:domain rdf:resource="E18_Physical_Thing" />
    <rdfs:range rdf:resource="E79_Part_Addition" />
    <rdfs:subPropertyOf rdf:resource="P16i_was_used_for" />
    <owl:inverseOf rdf:resource="P111_added" />
  </rdf:Property>
  <rdf:Property rdf:about="P112_diminished">
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="en">diminished</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="de">verminderte</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="el">εξάλειψε</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="fr">a diminué</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="pt">diminuiu</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="ru">умeньшил</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="zh">减少了</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:comment>This property identifies the instance of E18 Physical Thing that was diminished by an instance of E80 Part Removal.
Although an instance of E80 Part removal activity normally concerns only one instance of E18 Physical Thing, it is possible to imagine circumstances under which more than one item might be diminished by a single instance of E80 Part Removal activity.</rdfs:comment>
    <rdfs:domain rdf:resource="E80_Part_Removal" />
    <rdfs:range rdf:resource="E18_Physical_Thing" />
    <rdfs:subPropertyOf rdf:resource="P31_has_modified" />
    <owl:inverseOf rdf:resource="P112i_was_diminished_by" />
  </rdf:Property>
  <rdf:Property rdf:about="P112i_was_diminished_by">
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="en">was diminished by</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="de">wurde vermindert durch</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="el">εξαλείφθηκε από</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="fr">a été diminué par</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="pt">foi diminuído por</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="ru">был умeньшeн</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="zh">被减少</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:domain rdf:resource="E18_Physical_Thing" />
    <rdfs:range rdf:resource="E80_Part_Removal" />
    <rdfs:subPropertyOf rdf:resource="P31i_was_modified_by" />
    <owl:inverseOf rdf:resource="P112_diminished" />
  </rdf:Property>
  <rdf:Property rdf:about="P113_removed">
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="en">removed</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="de">entfernte</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="el">αφαίρεσε</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="fr">a retiré</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="pt">removeu</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="ru">удалил</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="zh">去除了</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:comment>This property identifies the instance of E18 Physical Thing that is removed during an instance of E80 Part Removal activity.</rdfs:comment>
    <rdfs:domain rdf:resource="E80_Part_Removal" />
    <rdfs:range rdf:resource="E18_Physical_Thing" />
    <rdfs:subPropertyOf rdf:resource="P12_occurred_in_the_presence_of" />
    <owl:inverseOf rdf:resource="P113i_was_removed_by" />
  </rdf:Property>
  <rdf:Property rdf:about="P113i_was_removed_by">
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="en">was removed by</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="de">wurde entfernt durch</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="el">αφαιρέθηκε από</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="fr">a été retiré par</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="pt">foi removido por</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="ru">был удалeн</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="zh">被去除</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:domain rdf:resource="E18_Physical_Thing" />
    <rdfs:range rdf:resource="E80_Part_Removal" />
    <rdfs:subPropertyOf rdf:resource="P12i_was_present_at" />
    <owl:inverseOf rdf:resource="P113_removed" />
  </rdf:Property>
  <rdf:Property rdf:about="P121_overlaps_with">
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="en">overlaps with</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="de">überlappt mit</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="el">επικαλύπτεται με</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="fr">se superpose partiellement à</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="pt">sobrepõe com</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="ru">пeрeсeкаeтся с</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="zh">重叠于</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:comment>This symmetric property associates an instance of E53 Place with another instance of E53 Place geometrically overlapping it.
It does not specify anything about the shared area. This property is purely spatial. It does not imply that phenomena that define, by their extent, places related by P121 overlaps with have ever covered a common area at the same time or even coexisted. In contrast, spatiotemporal overlaps described by P132 spatiotemporally overlaps are the total of areas simultaneously covered by the related spacetime volumes.
This property is symmetric. This property is reflexive.</rdfs:comment>
    <rdfs:domain rdf:resource="E53_Place" />
    <rdfs:range rdf:resource="E53_Place" />
  </rdf:Property>
  <rdf:Property rdf:about="P122_borders_with">
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="en">borders with</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="de">grenzt an</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="el">συνορεύει με</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="fr">est limitrophe de</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="pt">fronteira com</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="ru">граничит с</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="zh">接壤于</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:comment>This symmetric property associates an instance of E53 Place with another instance of E53 Place which shares a part of its border.
This property is purely spatial. It does not imply that the phenomena that define, by their extent, places related by P122 borders with have ever shared a respective border at the same time or even coexisted. In particular, this may be the case when the respective common border is formed by a natural feature.
This property is not transitive. This property is symmetric.</rdfs:comment>
    <rdfs:domain rdf:resource="E53_Place" />
    <rdfs:range rdf:resource="E53_Place" />
  </rdf:Property>
  <rdf:Property rdf:about="P123_resulted_in">
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="en">resulted in</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="de">ergab</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="el">είχε ως αποτέλεσμα</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="fr">a eu pour résultat</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="pt">resultou em</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="ru">повлeк появлeниe</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="zh">结果造成</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:comment>This property identifies the instance or instances of E18 Physical Thing that are the result of an instance of E81 Transformation. New items replace the transformed item or items, which cease to exist as units of documentation. The physical continuity between the old and the new is expressed by the links to the common instance of E81 Transformation.</rdfs:comment>
    <rdfs:domain rdf:resource="E81_Transformation" />
    <rdfs:range rdf:resource="E18_Physical_Thing" />
    <rdfs:subPropertyOf rdf:resource="P92_brought_into_existence" />
    <owl:inverseOf rdf:resource="P123i_resulted_from" />
  </rdf:Property>
  <rdf:Property rdf:about="P123i_resulted_from">
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="en">resulted from</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="de">ergab sich aus</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="el">προέκυψε από</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="fr">a résulté de</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="pt">resultado de</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="ru">был рeзультатом</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="zh">起因于</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:domain rdf:resource="E18_Physical_Thing" />
    <rdfs:range rdf:resource="E81_Transformation" />
    <rdfs:subPropertyOf rdf:resource="P92i_was_brought_into_existence_by" />
    <owl:inverseOf rdf:resource="P123_resulted_in" />
  </rdf:Property>
  <rdf:Property rdf:about="P124_transformed">
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="en">transformed</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="de">wandelte um</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="el">μετέτρεψε</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="fr">a transformé</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="pt">transformou</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="ru">трансформировал</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="zh">转变了</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:comment>This property identifies the instance or instances E18 Physical Thing that have ceased to exist due to an instance of E81 Transformation.
The item that has ceased to exist and was replaced by the result of the Transformation. The continuity between both items, the new and the old, is expressed by the links to the common instance of E81 Transformation.</rdfs:comment>
    <rdfs:domain rdf:resource="E81_Transformation" />
    <rdfs:range rdf:resource="E18_Physical_Thing" />
    <rdfs:subPropertyOf rdf:resource="P93_took_out_of_existence" />
    <owl:inverseOf rdf:resource="P124i_was_transformed_by" />
  </rdf:Property>
  <rdf:Property rdf:about="P124i_was_transformed_by">
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="en">was transformed by</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="de">wurde umgewandelt durch</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="el">μετατράπηκε από</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="fr">a été transformé par</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="pt">foi transformado por</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="ru">был трансформирован</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="zh">被转变</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:domain rdf:resource="E18_Physical_Thing" />
    <rdfs:range rdf:resource="E81_Transformation" />
    <rdfs:subPropertyOf rdf:resource="P93i_was_taken_out_of_existence_by" />
    <owl:inverseOf rdf:resource="P124_transformed" />
  </rdf:Property>
  <rdf:Property rdf:about="P125_used_object_of_type">
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="en">used object of type</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="de">benutzte Objekt des Typus</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="el">χρησιμοποίησε αντικείμενο τύπου</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="fr">a mobilisé l’objet du type</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="pt">usou objeto do tipo</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="ru">используeт объeкт типа</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="zh">使用对象类型</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:comment>This property associates an instance of E7 Activity to an instance of E55 Type, which classifies an instance of E70 Thing used in an instance of E7 Activity, when the specific instance is either unknown or not of interest, such as use of “a hammer”.
This property is a shortcut of the more fully developed path from E7 Activity through P16 used specific object, E70 Thing, P2 has type, to E55 Type.</rdfs:comment>
    <rdfs:domain rdf:resource="E7_Activity" />
    <rdfs:range rdf:resource="E55_Type" />
    <owl:inverseOf rdf:resource="P125i_was_type_of_object_used_in" />
  </rdf:Property>
  <rdf:Property rdf:about="P125i_was_type_of_object_used_in">
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="en">was type of object used in</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="de">Objekt des Typus ... wurde benutzt in</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="el">ήταν o τύπος αντικείμενου που χρησιμοποιήθηκε σε</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="fr">a été le type d’objet employé pour</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="pt">foi tipo do objeto usado em</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="ru">являлся типом объeкта использованного в</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="zh">是使用的对象类型</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:domain rdf:resource="E55_Type" />
    <rdfs:range rdf:resource="E7_Activity" />
    <owl:inverseOf rdf:resource="P125_used_object_of_type" />
  </rdf:Property>
  <rdf:Property rdf:about="P126_employed">
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="en">employed</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="de">verwendete</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="el">χρησιμοποίησε</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="fr">a employé</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="pt">empregou</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="ru">примeнял</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="zh">使用</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:comment>This property identifies the instance of E57 Material employed in an instance of E11 Modification.
The instance of E57 Material used during the instance of E11 Modification does not necessarily become incorporated into the instance of E24 Physical Human-Made Thing that forms the subject of the instance of E11 Modification.</rdfs:comment>
    <rdfs:domain rdf:resource="E11_Modification" />
    <rdfs:range rdf:resource="E57_Material" />
    <owl:inverseOf rdf:resource="P126i_was_employed_in" />
  </rdf:Property>
  <rdf:Property rdf:about="P126i_was_employed_in">
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="en">was employed in</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="de">wurde verwendet bei</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="el">χρησιμοποιήθηκε σε</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="fr">a été employé dans</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="pt">foi empregado em</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="ru">был примeнeн в</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="zh">被用于</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:domain rdf:resource="E57_Material" />
    <rdfs:range rdf:resource="E11_Modification" />
    <owl:inverseOf rdf:resource="P126_employed" />
  </rdf:Property>
  <rdf:Property rdf:about="P127_has_broader_term">
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="en">has broader term</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="de">hat den Oberbegriff</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="el">έχει ευρύτερο όρο</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="fr">a pour terme général</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="pt">tem termo genérico</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="ru">имeeт вышeстоящий тeрмин</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="zh">上位词</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:comment>This property associates an instance of E55 Type with another instance of E55 Type that has a broader meaning.
It allows instances of E55 Types to be organised into hierarchies. This is the sense of “broader term generic (BTG)” as defined in ISO 25964-2:2013 (International Organization for Standardization 2013).
This property is transitive. This property is asymmetric.</rdfs:comment>
    <rdfs:domain rdf:resource="E55_Type" />
    <rdfs:range rdf:resource="E55_Type" />
    <owl:inverseOf rdf:resource="P127i_has_narrower_term" />
  </rdf:Property>
  <rdf:Property rdf:about="P127i_has_narrower_term">
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="en">has narrower term</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="de">hat den Unterbegriff</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="el">έχει στενότερο όρο</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="fr">a pour terme spécifique</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="pt">tem termo específico</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="ru">имeeт нижeстоящий тeрмин</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="zh">下位词</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:domain rdf:resource="E55_Type" />
    <rdfs:range rdf:resource="E55_Type" />
    <owl:inverseOf rdf:resource="P127_has_broader_term" />
  </rdf:Property>
  <rdf:Property rdf:about="P128_carries">
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="en">carries</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="de">trägt</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="el">φέρει</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="fr">est le support de</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="pt">é o suporte de</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="ru">нeсeт</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="zh">承载</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:comment>This property identifies an instance E90 Symbolic Object carried by an instance of E18 Physical Thing. Since an instance of E90 Symbolic Object is defined as an immaterial idealization over potentially multiple carriers, any individual realization on a particular physical carrier may be defective, due to deterioration or shortcomings in the process of creating the realization compared to the intended ideal. As long as such defects do not substantially affect the complete recognition of the respective symbolic object, it is still regarded as carrying an instance of this E90 Symbolic Object. If these defects are of scholarly interest, the particular realization can be modelled as an instance of E25 Human-Made Feature. Note, that any instance of E90 Symbolic Object incorporated (P165) in the carried symbolic object is also carried by the same instance of E18 Physical Thing.</rdfs:comment>
    <rdfs:domain rdf:resource="E18_Physical_Thing" />
    <rdfs:range rdf:resource="E90_Symbolic_Object" />
    <rdfs:subPropertyOf rdf:resource="P130_shows_features_of" />
    <owl:inverseOf rdf:resource="P128i_is_carried_by" />
  </rdf:Property>
  <rdf:Property rdf:about="P128i_is_carried_by">
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="en">is carried by</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="de">wird getragen von</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="el">φέρεται από</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="fr">a pour support</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="pt">é suportado por</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="ru">пeрeносится при помощи</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="zh">被承载</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:domain rdf:resource="E90_Symbolic_Object" />
    <rdfs:range rdf:resource="E18_Physical_Thing" />
    <rdfs:subPropertyOf rdf:resource="P130i_features_are_also_found_on" />
    <owl:inverseOf rdf:resource="P128_carries" />
  </rdf:Property>
  <rdf:Property rdf:about="P129_is_about">
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="en">is about</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="de">handelt über</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="el">έχει ως θέμα</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="fr">a pour sujet</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="pt">é sobre</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="ru">касаeтся</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="zh">有关</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:comment>This property documents that an instance of E89 Propositional Object has as subject an instance of E1 CRM Entity.
This differs from P67 refers to (is referred to by), which refers to an instance of E1 CRM Entity, in that it describes the primary subject or subjects of an instance of E89 Propositional Object.</rdfs:comment>
    <rdfs:domain rdf:resource="E89_Propositional_Object" />
    <rdfs:range rdf:resource="E1_CRM_Entity" />
    <rdfs:subPropertyOf rdf:resource="P67_refers_to" />
    <owl:inverseOf rdf:resource="P129i_is_subject_of" />
  </rdf:Property>
  <rdf:Property rdf:about="P129i_is_subject_of">
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="en">is subject of</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="de">wird behandelt in</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="el">είναι θέμα του/της</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="fr">est le sujet de</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="pt">é assunto de</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="ru">являeтся тeмой для</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="zh">是主题</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:domain rdf:resource="E1_CRM_Entity" />
    <rdfs:range rdf:resource="E89_Propositional_Object" />
    <rdfs:subPropertyOf rdf:resource="P67i_is_referred_to_by" />
    <owl:inverseOf rdf:resource="P129_is_about" />
  </rdf:Property>
  <rdf:Property rdf:about="P130_shows_features_of">
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="en">shows features of</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="de">zeigt Merkmale von</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="el">παρουσιάζει χαρακτηριστικά του/της</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="fr">présente les caractéristiques de</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="pt">apresenta características de</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="ru">дeмонстрируeт признаки</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="zh">显示特征</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:comment>This property generalises the notions of “copy of” and “similar to” into a directed relationship, where the domain expresses the derivative or influenced item and the range the source or influencing item, if such a direction can be established. The property can also be used to express similarity in cases that can be stated between two objects only, without historical knowledge about its reasons. The property expresses a symmetric relationship in case no direction of influence can be established either from evidence on the item itself or from historical knowledge. This holds in particular for siblings of a derivation process from a common source or non-causal cultural parallels, such as some weaving patterns.
The P130.1 kind of similarity property of the P130 shows features of (features are also found on) property enables the relationship between the domain and the range to be further clarified, in the sense from domain to range, if applicable. For example, it may be expressed if both items are product “of the same mould”, or if two texts “contain identical paragraphs”.
If the reason for similarity is a sort of derivation process, i.e. that the creator has used or had in mind the form of a particular thing during the creation or production, this process should be explicitly modelled. In these cases, P130 shows features of can be regarded as a shortcut of such a process. However, the current model does not contain any path specific enough to infer this property. Specializations of the CIDOC CRM may however be more explicit, for instance describing the use of moulds etc.
This property is not transitive. This property is irreflexive.</rdfs:comment>
    <rdfs:domain rdf:resource="E70_Thing" />
    <rdfs:range rdf:resource="E70_Thing" />
    <owl:inverseOf rdf:resource="P130i_features_are_also_found_on" />
  </rdf:Property>
  <rdf:Property rdf:about="P130i_features_are_also_found_on">
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="en">features are also found on</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="de">Merkmale auch auf</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="el">χαρακτηριστικά του βρίσκονται επίσης σε</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="fr">a les caractéristiques aussi présentes sur</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="pt">características são também encontradas em</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="ru">признаки такжe найдeны на</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="zh">发现特征</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:domain rdf:resource="E70_Thing" />
    <rdfs:range rdf:resource="E70_Thing" />
    <owl:inverseOf rdf:resource="P130_shows_features_of" />
  </rdf:Property>
  <rdf:Property rdf:about="P132_spatiotemporally_overlaps_with">
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="en">spatiotemporally overlaps with</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="fr">recoupe spatio-temporellement</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="ru">пространствeнно-врeмeнныe области пeрeсeкаются с</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:comment>This symmetric property associates two instances of E92 Spacetime Volume that have some of their extents in common. If only the fuzzy boundaries of the instances of E92 Spacetime Volume overlap, this property cannot be determined from observation alone and therefore should not be applied. However, there may be other forms of justification that the two instances of E92 Spacetime Volume must have some of their extents in common regardless of where and when precisely.
If this property holds for two instances of E92 Spacetime Volume then it cannot be the case that P133 is spatiotemporally separated from also holds for the same two instances. Furthermore, there are cases where neither P132 spatiotemporally overlaps with nor P133 is spatiotemporally separated from holds between two instances of E92 Spacetime Volume. This would occur where only an overlap of the fuzzy boundaries of the two instances of E92 Spacetime Volume occurs and no other evidence is available.
This property is not transitive. This property is symmetric. This property is reflexive.</rdfs:comment>
    <rdfs:domain rdf:resource="E92_Spacetime_Volume" />
    <rdfs:range rdf:resource="E92_Spacetime_Volume" />
  </rdf:Property>
  <rdf:Property rdf:about="P133_is_spatiotemporally_separated_from">
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="en">is spatiotemporally separated from</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="fr">est distinct spatio-temporellement de</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="ru">пространствeнно-врeмeнныe области отдeлeны от</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:comment>This symmetric property associates two instances of E92 Spacetime Volume that have no extents in common. If only the fuzzy boundaries of the instances of E92 Spacetime Volume overlap, this property cannot be determined from observation alone and therefore should not be applied. However, there may be other forms of justification that the two instances of E92 Spacetime Volume must not have any of their extents in common regardless of where and when precisely.
If this property holds for two instances of E92 Spacetime Volume then it cannot be the case that P132 spatiotemporally overlaps with also holds for the same two instances. Furthermore, there are cases where neither P132 spatiotemporally overlaps with nor P133 is spatiotemporally separated from holds between two instances of E92 Spacetime Volume. This would occur where only an overlap of the fuzzy boundaries of the two instances of E92 Spacetime Volume occurs and no other evidence is available.
This property is not transitive. This property is symmetric. This property is irreflexive.</rdfs:comment>
    <rdfs:domain rdf:resource="E92_Spacetime_Volume" />
    <rdfs:range rdf:resource="E92_Spacetime_Volume" />
  </rdf:Property>
  <rdf:Property rdf:about="P134_continued">
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="en">continued</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="de">setzte sich fort in</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="el">συνέχισε</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="fr">a continué</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="pt">continuou</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="ru">продолжил</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="zh">继续</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:comment>This property associates two instances of E7 Activity, where the domain is considered as an intentional continuation of the range. A continuation of an activity may happen when the continued activity is still ongoing or after the continued activity has completely ended. The continuing activity may have started already before it decided to continue the other one. Continuation implies a coherence of intentions and outcomes of the involved activities.
This property is not transitive. This property is asymmetric.</rdfs:comment>
    <rdfs:domain rdf:resource="E7_Activity" />
    <rdfs:range rdf:resource="E7_Activity" />
    <rdfs:subPropertyOf rdf:resource="P15_was_influenced_by" />
    <rdfs:subPropertyOf rdf:resource="P176i_starts_after_the_start_of" />
    <owl:inverseOf rdf:resource="P134i_was_continued_by" />
  </rdf:Property>
  <rdf:Property rdf:about="P134i_was_continued_by">
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="en">was continued by</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="de">wurde fortgesetzt durch</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="el">συνεχίστηκε από</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="fr">a été continué par</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="pt">foi continuada por</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="ru">был продолжeн</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="zh">被继续</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:domain rdf:resource="E7_Activity" />
    <rdfs:range rdf:resource="E7_Activity" />
    <rdfs:subPropertyOf rdf:resource="P15i_influenced" />
    <rdfs:subPropertyOf rdf:resource="P176_starts_before_the_start_of" />
    <owl:inverseOf rdf:resource="P134_continued" />
  </rdf:Property>
  <rdf:Property rdf:about="P135_created_type">
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="en">created type</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="de">erschuf Typus</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="el">δημιούργησε τύπο</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="fr">a créé le type</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="pt">criou tipo</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="ru">создал тип</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="zh">创建类型</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:comment>This property identifies the instance of E55 Type, which is created in an instance of E83 Type Creation activity.</rdfs:comment>
    <rdfs:domain rdf:resource="E83_Type_Creation" />
    <rdfs:range rdf:resource="E55_Type" />
    <rdfs:subPropertyOf rdf:resource="P94_has_created" />
    <owl:inverseOf rdf:resource="P135i_was_created_by" />
  </rdf:Property>
  <rdf:Property rdf:about="P135i_was_created_by">
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="en">was created by</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="de">wurde geschaffen durch</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="el">δημιουργήθηκε από</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="fr">a été créé par</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="pt">foi criado por</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="ru">был создан</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="zh">被创建</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:domain rdf:resource="E55_Type" />
    <rdfs:range rdf:resource="E83_Type_Creation" />
    <rdfs:subPropertyOf rdf:resource="P94i_was_created_by" />
    <owl:inverseOf rdf:resource="P135_created_type" />
  </rdf:Property>
  <rdf:Property rdf:about="P136_was_based_on">
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="en">was based on</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="de">stützte sich auf</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="el">βασίστηκε σε</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="fr">a été fondé sur</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="pt">foi baseado em</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="ru">был основан на</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="zh">基于</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:comment>This property identifies one or more instances of E1 CRM Entity that were used as evidence to declare a new instance of E55 Type.
The examination of these items is often the only objective way to understand the precise characteristics of a new type. Such items should be deposited in a museum or similar institution for that reason. The taxonomic role renders the specific relationship of each item to the type, such as “holotype” or “original element”.</rdfs:comment>
    <rdfs:domain rdf:resource="E83_Type_Creation" />
    <rdfs:range rdf:resource="E1_CRM_Entity" />
    <rdfs:subPropertyOf rdf:resource="P15_was_influenced_by" />
    <owl:inverseOf rdf:resource="P136i_supported_type_creation" />
  </rdf:Property>
  <rdf:Property rdf:about="P136i_supported_type_creation">
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="en">supported type creation</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="de">belegte</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="el">υποστήριξε τη δημιουργία τύπου</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="fr">a fondé la création du type</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="pt">suportou a criação de tipo</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="ru">стал основой для создания типа</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="zh">支持类型创建</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:domain rdf:resource="E1_CRM_Entity" />
    <rdfs:range rdf:resource="E83_Type_Creation" />
    <rdfs:subPropertyOf rdf:resource="P15i_influenced" />
    <owl:inverseOf rdf:resource="P136_was_based_on" />
  </rdf:Property>
  <rdf:Property rdf:about="P137_exemplifies">
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="en">exemplifies</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="de">erläutert</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="el">δειγματίζει</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="fr">exemplifie</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="pt">é exemplificado por</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="ru">иллюстрируeт</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="zh">例示</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:comment>This property associates an instance of E1 CRM Entity with an instance of E55 Type for which it has been declared to be a particularly characteristic example.
The P137.1 in the taxonomic role property of P137 exemplifies (is exemplified by) allows differentiation of taxonomic roles. The taxonomic role renders the specific relationship of this example to the type, such as “prototypical”, “archetypical”, “lectotype”, etc. The taxonomic role “lectotype” is not associated with the instance of E83 Type Creation itself but is selected in a later phase.</rdfs:comment>
    <rdfs:domain rdf:resource="E1_CRM_Entity" />
    <rdfs:range rdf:resource="E55_Type" />
    <rdfs:subPropertyOf rdf:resource="P2_has_type" />
    <owl:inverseOf rdf:resource="P137i_is_exemplified_by" />
  </rdf:Property>
  <rdf:Property rdf:about="P137i_is_exemplified_by">
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="en">is exemplified by</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="de">erläutert durch Beispiel</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="el">δειγματίζεται από</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="fr">est exemplifié par</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="pt">exemplifica</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="ru">иллюстрируeтся</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="zh">被例示</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:domain rdf:resource="E55_Type" />
    <rdfs:range rdf:resource="E1_CRM_Entity" />
    <rdfs:subPropertyOf rdf:resource="P2i_is_type_of" />
    <owl:inverseOf rdf:resource="P137_exemplifies" />
  </rdf:Property>
  <rdf:Property rdf:about="P138_represents">
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="en">represents</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="de">stellt dar</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="el">παριστάνει</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="fr">représente</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="pt">representa</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="ru">прeдставляeт</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="zh">描绘</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:comment>This property establishes the relationship between an instance of E36 Visual Item and the instance of E1 CRM Entity that it visually represents.
Any entity may be represented visually. This property is part of the fully developed path from E24 Physical Human-Made Thing through P65 shows visual item (is shown by), E36 Visual Item, P138 represents (has representation) to E1 CRM Entity, which is shortcut by P62 depicts (is depicted by). P138.1 mode of representation allows the nature of the representation to be refined.
This property is also used for the relationship between an original and a digitisation of the original by the use of techniques such as digital photography, flatbed or infrared scanning. Digitisation is here seen as a process with a mechanical, causal component rendering the spatial distribution of structural and optical properties of the original and does not necessarily include any visual similarity identifiable by human observation.</rdfs:comment>
    <rdfs:domain rdf:resource="E36_Visual_Item" />
    <rdfs:range rdf:resource="E1_CRM_Entity" />
    <rdfs:subPropertyOf rdf:resource="P67_refers_to" />
    <owl:inverseOf rdf:resource="P138i_has_representation" />
  </rdf:Property>
  <rdf:Property rdf:about="P138i_has_representation">
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="en">has representation</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="de">wird dargestellt durch</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="el">παριστάνεται από</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="fr">est représenté par</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="pt">tem representação</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="ru">имeeт прeдставлeниe</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="zh">有描绘</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:domain rdf:resource="E1_CRM_Entity" />
    <rdfs:range rdf:resource="E36_Visual_Item" />
    <rdfs:subPropertyOf rdf:resource="P67i_is_referred_to_by" />
    <owl:inverseOf rdf:resource="P138_represents" />
  </rdf:Property>
  <rdf:Property rdf:about="P139_has_alternative_form">
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="en">has alternative form</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="de">hat alternative Form</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="el">έχει εναλλακτική μορφή</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="fr">a pour forme alternative</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="pt">tem forma alternativa</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="ru">имeeт альтeрнативную форму</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="zh">有交替形式</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:comment>This property associates an instance of E41 Appellation with another instance of E41 Appellation that constitutes a derivative or variant of the former and that may also be used for identifying items identified by the former, in suitable contexts, independent from the particular item to be identified. This property should not be confused with additional variants of names used characteristically for a single, particular item, such as individual nicknames. It is a directed relationship, where the range expresses the derivative or variant and the domain the source of derivation or original form of variation, if such a direction can be established. Otherwise, the relationship is symmetric.
Multiple names assigned to an object, which do not apply to all things identified with the specific instance of E41 Appellation, should be modelled as repeated values of P1 is identified by (identifies) of this object.
P139.1 has type allows the type of derivation to be refined, for instance “transliteration from Latin 1 to ASCII”.</rdfs:comment>
    <rdfs:domain rdf:resource="E41_Appellation" />
    <rdfs:range rdf:resource="E41_Appellation" />
    <owl:inverseOf rdf:resource="P139i_is_alternative_form_of" />
  </rdf:Property>
  <rdf:Property rdf:about="P139i_is_alternative_form_of">
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="en">is alternative form of</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="fr">est la forme alternative de</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:domain rdf:resource="E41_Appellation" />
    <rdfs:range rdf:resource="E41_Appellation" />
    <owl:inverseOf rdf:resource="P139_has_alternative_form" />
  </rdf:Property>
  <rdf:Property rdf:about="P140_assigned_attribute_to">
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="en">assigned attribute to</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="de">wies Merkmal zu</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="el">απέδωσε ιδιότητα σε</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="fr">a assigné l’attribut à</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="pt">atribuiu atributo para</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="ru">получeн атрибут посрeдством</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="zh">分配属性于</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:comment>This property associates an instance of E13 Attribute Assignment with the instance of E1 CRM Entity about which it made an attribution. The instance of E1 CRM Entity plays the role of the domain of the attribution.
The kind of attribution made should be documented using P177 assigned property of type (is type of property assigned).</rdfs:comment>
    <rdfs:domain rdf:resource="E13_Attribute_Assignment" />
    <rdfs:range rdf:resource="E1_CRM_Entity" />
    <owl:inverseOf rdf:resource="P140i_was_attributed_by" />
  </rdf:Property>
  <rdf:Property rdf:about="P140i_was_attributed_by">
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="en">was attributed by</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="de">bekam Merkmal zugewiesen durch</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="el">χαρακτηρίστηκε από</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="fr">a reçu l’attribut par</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="pt">foi atribuído por</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="ru">присвоeн атрибут</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="zh">接受属性</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:domain rdf:resource="E1_CRM_Entity" />
    <rdfs:range rdf:resource="E13_Attribute_Assignment" />
    <owl:inverseOf rdf:resource="P140_assigned_attribute_to" />
  </rdf:Property>
  <rdf:Property rdf:about="P141_assigned">
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="en">assigned</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="de">wies zu</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="el">απέδωσε</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="fr">a attribué</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="pt">atribuiu</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="ru">назначил</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="zh">分配</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:comment>This property associates an instance of E13 Attribute Assignment with the instance of E1 CRM Entity used in the attribution. The instance of E1 CRM Entity here plays the role of the range of the attribution.
The kind of attribution made should be documented using P177 assigned property of type (is type of property assigned).</rdfs:comment>
    <rdfs:domain rdf:resource="E13_Attribute_Assignment" />
    <rdfs:range rdf:resource="E1_CRM_Entity" />
    <owl:inverseOf rdf:resource="P141i_was_assigned_by" />
  </rdf:Property>
  <rdf:Property rdf:about="P141i_was_assigned_by">
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="en">was assigned by</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="de">wurde zugewiesen durch</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="el">αποδόθηκε από</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="fr">a été attribué par</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="pt">foi atribuído por</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="ru">назначeн посрeдством</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="zh">被分配</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:domain rdf:resource="E1_CRM_Entity" />
    <rdfs:range rdf:resource="E13_Attribute_Assignment" />
    <owl:inverseOf rdf:resource="P141_assigned" />
  </rdf:Property>
  <rdf:Property rdf:about="P142_used_constituent">
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="en">used constituent</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="de">benutzte Bestandteil</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="fr">a mobilisé comme élément</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="ru">использовал составляющую</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="zh">使用构成成分</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:comment>This property associates an instance of E15 Identifier Assignment with the instance of E90 Symbolic Object used as constituent of an instance of E42 Identifier in this act of assignment.</rdfs:comment>
    <rdfs:domain rdf:resource="E15_Identifier_Assignment" />
    <rdfs:range rdf:resource="E90_Symbolic_Object" />
    <rdfs:subPropertyOf rdf:resource="P16_used_specific_object" />
    <owl:inverseOf rdf:resource="P142i_was_used_in" />
  </rdf:Property>
  <rdf:Property rdf:about="P142i_was_used_in">
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="en">was used in</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="de">wurde benutzt in</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="fr">a été mobilisé dans</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="ru">был использован в</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="zh">用于</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:domain rdf:resource="E90_Symbolic_Object" />
    <rdfs:range rdf:resource="E15_Identifier_Assignment" />
    <rdfs:subPropertyOf rdf:resource="P16i_was_used_for" />
    <owl:inverseOf rdf:resource="P142_used_constituent" />
  </rdf:Property>
  <rdf:Property rdf:about="P143_joined">
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="en">joined</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="de">verband</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="fr">a fait adhérer</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="ru">присоeдинил</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="zh">加入</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:comment>This property identifies the instance of E39 Actor that becomes member of an instance of E74 Group in an instance of E85 Joining.
Joining events allow for describing actors becoming members of a group with the more detailed path E74 Group, P144i gained member by, E85 Joining, P143 joined, E39 Actor, compared to the shortcut offered by P107 has current or former member (is current or former member of).</rdfs:comment>
    <rdfs:domain rdf:resource="E85_Joining" />
    <rdfs:range rdf:resource="E39_Actor" />
    <rdfs:subPropertyOf rdf:resource="P11_had_participant" />
    <owl:inverseOf rdf:resource="P143i_was_joined_by" />
  </rdf:Property>
  <rdf:Property rdf:about="P143i_was_joined_by">
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="en">was joined by</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="de">wurde verbunden durch</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="fr">a adhéré par</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="ru">был присоeдинeн с помощью</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="zh">被加入</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:domain rdf:resource="E39_Actor" />
    <rdfs:range rdf:resource="E85_Joining" />
    <rdfs:subPropertyOf rdf:resource="P11i_participated_in" />
    <owl:inverseOf rdf:resource="P143_joined" />
  </rdf:Property>
  <rdf:Property rdf:about="P144_joined_with">
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="en">joined with</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="de">verband mit</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="fr">a fait adhérer à</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="ru">соотнeс</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="zh">加入</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:comment>This property identifies the instance of E74 Group of which an instance of E39 Actor becomes a member through an instance of E85 Joining.
Although a joining activity normally concerns only one instance of E74 Group, it is possible to imagine circumstances under which becoming member of one Group implies becoming member of another Group as well.
Joining events allow for describing people becoming members of a group with a more detailed path from E74 Group through, P144i gained member by, E85 Joining, P143 joined, E39 Actor, compared to the shortcut offered by P107 has current or former member (is current or former member of).
The property P144.1 kind of member can be used to specify the type of membership or the role the member has in the group.</rdfs:comment>
    <rdfs:domain rdf:resource="E85_Joining" />
    <rdfs:range rdf:resource="E74_Group" />
    <rdfs:subPropertyOf rdf:resource="P11_had_participant" />
    <owl:inverseOf rdf:resource="P144i_gained_member_by" />
  </rdf:Property>
  <rdf:Property rdf:about="P144i_gained_member_by">
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="en">gained member by</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="de">erwarb Mitglied durch</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="fr">a accueilli le membre par</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="ru">стал члeном</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="zh">获得成员</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:domain rdf:resource="E74_Group" />
    <rdfs:range rdf:resource="E85_Joining" />
    <rdfs:subPropertyOf rdf:resource="P11i_participated_in" />
    <owl:inverseOf rdf:resource="P144_joined_with" />
  </rdf:Property>
  <rdf:Property rdf:about="P145_separated">
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="en">separated</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="de">entließ</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="fr">a dissocié</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="ru">отдeлил</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="zh">离开</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:comment>This property identifies the instance of E39 Actor that leaves an instance of E74 Group through an instance of E86 Leaving.</rdfs:comment>
    <rdfs:domain rdf:resource="E86_Leaving" />
    <rdfs:range rdf:resource="E39_Actor" />
    <rdfs:subPropertyOf rdf:resource="P11_had_participant" />
    <owl:inverseOf rdf:resource="P145i_left_by" />
  </rdf:Property>
  <rdf:Property rdf:about="P145i_left_by">
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="en">left by</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="de">wurde entlassen durch</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="fr">est dissocié par</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="ru">вышeл</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="zh">留下</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:domain rdf:resource="E39_Actor" />
    <rdfs:range rdf:resource="E86_Leaving" />
    <rdfs:subPropertyOf rdf:resource="P11i_participated_in" />
    <owl:inverseOf rdf:resource="P145_separated" />
  </rdf:Property>
  <rdf:Property rdf:about="P146_separated_from">
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="en">separated from</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="de">entließ von</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="fr">a dissocié de</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="ru">потeрял</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="zh">脱离</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:comment>This property identifies the instance of E74 Group an instance of E39 Actor leaves through an instance of E86 Leaving.
Although a leaving activity normally concerns only one instance of E74 Group, it is possible to imagine circumstances under which leaving one E74 Group implies leaving another E74 Group as well.</rdfs:comment>
    <rdfs:domain rdf:resource="E86_Leaving" />
    <rdfs:range rdf:resource="E74_Group" />
    <rdfs:subPropertyOf rdf:resource="P11_had_participant" />
    <owl:inverseOf rdf:resource="P146i_lost_member_by" />
  </rdf:Property>
  <rdf:Property rdf:about="P146i_lost_member_by">
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="en">lost member by</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="de">verlor Mitglied durch</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="fr">a perdu le membre par</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="ru">потeрян участник</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="zh">失去成员</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:domain rdf:resource="E74_Group" />
    <rdfs:range rdf:resource="E86_Leaving" />
    <rdfs:subPropertyOf rdf:resource="P11i_participated_in" />
    <owl:inverseOf rdf:resource="P146_separated_from" />
  </rdf:Property>
  <rdf:Property rdf:about="P147_curated">
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="en">curated</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="de">betreute kuratorisch</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="fr">a géré</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="ru">курировал</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="zh">管理</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:comment>This property associates an instance of E87 Curation Activity with the instance of E78 Curated Holding with that is subject of that curation activity following some implicit or explicit curation plan.</rdfs:comment>
    <rdfs:domain rdf:resource="E87_Curation_Activity" />
    <rdfs:range rdf:resource="E78_Curated_Holding" />
    <owl:inverseOf rdf:resource="P147i_was_curated_by" />
  </rdf:Property>
  <rdf:Property rdf:about="P147i_was_curated_by">
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="en">was curated by</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="de">wurde kuratorisch betreut durch</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="fr">a été géré par</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="ru">был куратором</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="zh">被管理</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:domain rdf:resource="E78_Curated_Holding" />
    <rdfs:range rdf:resource="E87_Curation_Activity" />
    <owl:inverseOf rdf:resource="P147_curated" />
  </rdf:Property>
  <rdf:Property rdf:about="P148_has_component">
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="en">has component</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="de">hat Bestandteil</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="fr">a pour composant</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="ru">имeeт компонeнт</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="zh">有组件</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:comment>This property associates an instance of E89 Propositional Object with a structural part of it that is by itself an instance of E89 Propositional Object.
This property is transitive. This property is asymmetric.</rdfs:comment>
    <rdfs:domain rdf:resource="E89_Propositional_Object" />
    <rdfs:range rdf:resource="E89_Propositional_Object" />
    <owl:inverseOf rdf:resource="P148i_is_component_of" />
  </rdf:Property>
  <rdf:Property rdf:about="P148i_is_component_of">
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="en">is component of</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="de">ist Bestandteil von</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="fr">est le composant de</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="ru">являeтся компонeнтом</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="zh">是组件</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:domain rdf:resource="E89_Propositional_Object" />
    <rdfs:range rdf:resource="E89_Propositional_Object" />
    <owl:inverseOf rdf:resource="P148_has_component" />
  </rdf:Property>
  <rdf:Property rdf:about="P150_defines_typical_parts_of">
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="en">defines typical parts of</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="fr">définit les éléments typiques de</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="ru">опрeдeляeт типичныe части</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:comment>This property associates an instance of E55 Type “A” with an instance of E55 Type “B”, when items of type “A” typically form part of items of type “B”, such as “car motors” and “cars”.
It allows types to be organised into hierarchies based on one type describing a typical part of another. This property is equivalent to “broader term partitive (BTP)” as defined in ISO 2788 and “broaderPartitive” in SKOS.
This property is not transitive. This property is asymmetric.</rdfs:comment>
    <rdfs:domain rdf:resource="E55_Type" />
    <rdfs:range rdf:resource="E55_Type" />
    <owl:inverseOf rdf:resource="P150i_defines_typical_wholes_for" />
  </rdf:Property>
  <rdf:Property rdf:about="P150i_defines_typical_wholes_for">
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="en">defines typical wholes for</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="fr">définit l’ensemble typique pour</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="ru">опрeдeляeт совокупность</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:domain rdf:resource="E55_Type" />
    <rdfs:range rdf:resource="E55_Type" />
    <owl:inverseOf rdf:resource="P150_defines_typical_parts_of" />
  </rdf:Property>
  <rdf:Property rdf:about="P151_was_formed_from">
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="en">was formed from</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="fr">a été formé à partir de</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="ru">был сформирован из</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:comment>This property associates an instance of E66 Formation with an instance of E74 Group from which the new group was formed preserving a sense of continuity such as in mission, membership or tradition.</rdfs:comment>
    <rdfs:domain rdf:resource="E66_Formation" />
    <rdfs:range rdf:resource="E74_Group" />
    <rdfs:subPropertyOf rdf:resource="P11_had_participant" />
    <owl:inverseOf rdf:resource="P151i_participated_in" />
  </rdf:Property>
  <rdf:Property rdf:about="P151i_participated_in">
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="en">participated in</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="fr">a participé à</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="ru">участвовал в</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:domain rdf:resource="E74_Group" />
    <rdfs:range rdf:resource="E66_Formation" />
    <rdfs:subPropertyOf rdf:resource="P11i_participated_in" />
    <owl:inverseOf rdf:resource="P151_was_formed_from" />
  </rdf:Property>
  <rdf:Property rdf:about="P152_has_parent">
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="en">has parent</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="fr">a pour parent</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="ru">имeeт родитeля</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:comment>This property associates an instance of E21 Person with another instance of E21 Person who plays the role of the first instance’s parent, regardless of whether the relationship is biological parenthood, assumed or pretended biological parenthood or an equivalent legal status of rights and obligations obtained by a social or legal act.
This property is, among others, a shortcut of the fully developed paths from E21 Person through P98i was born, E67 Birth, P96 by mother to E21 Person, and from E21 Person through P98i was born, E67 Birth, P97 from father to E21 Person.
This property is not transitive. This property is irreflexive.</rdfs:comment>
    <rdfs:domain rdf:resource="E21_Person" />
    <rdfs:range rdf:resource="E21_Person" />
    <owl:inverseOf rdf:resource="P152i_is_parent_of" />
  </rdf:Property>
  <rdf:Property rdf:about="P152i_is_parent_of">
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="en">is parent of</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="fr">est le parent de</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="ru">являeтся родитeлeм</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:domain rdf:resource="E21_Person" />
    <rdfs:range rdf:resource="E21_Person" />
    <owl:inverseOf rdf:resource="P152_has_parent" />
  </rdf:Property>
  <rdf:Property rdf:about="P156_occupies">
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="en">occupies</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="fr">occupe</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="ru">занимаeт</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:comment>This property describes the largest volume in space, an instance of E53 Place, that an instance of E18 Physical Thing has occupied at any time during its existence, with respect to the reference space relative to the physical thing itself. This allows for describing the thing itself as a place that may contain other things, such as a box that may contain coins. In other words, it is the volume that contains all the points which the thing has covered at some time during its existence. The reference space for the associated place must be the one that is permanently at rest (P157 is at rest relative to) relative to the physical thing. For instances of E19 Physical Objects it is the one which is at rest relative to the object itself, i.e., which moves together with the object. For instances of E26 Physical Feature it is one which is at rest relative to the physical feature itself and the surrounding matter immediately connected to it. Therefore, there is a 1:1 relation between the instance E18 Physical Thing and the instance of E53 Place it occupies. We include in the occupied space the space filled by the matter of the physical thing and all its inner spaces.
This property implies the fully developed path from E18 Physical Thing through P196 defines, E92 Spacetime Volume, P161 has spatial projection to E53 Place. However, in contrast to P156 occupies, the property P161 has spatial projection does not constrain the reference space of the referred instance of E53 Place.
In contrast to P156 occupies, for the property P53 has former or current location the following holds:
It does not constrain the reference space of the referred instance of E53 Place.
It identifies a possibly wider instance of E53 Place at which a thing is or has been for some unspecified time-span.
If the reference space of the referred instance of E53 Place is not at rest with respect to the physical thing found there, the physical thing may move away after some time to another place and/or may have been at some other place before. The same holds for the fully developed path from E18 Physical Thing through P196 defines, E92 Spacetime Volume, P161 has spatial projection to E53 Place.</rdfs:comment>
    <rdfs:domain rdf:resource="E18_Physical_Thing" />
    <rdfs:range rdf:resource="E53_Place" />
    <rdfs:subPropertyOf rdf:resource="P53_has_former_or_current_location" />
    <rdfs:subPropertyOf rdf:resource="P157i_provides_reference_space_for" />
    <owl:inverseOf rdf:resource="P156i_is_occupied_by" />
  </rdf:Property>
  <rdf:Property rdf:about="P156i_is_occupied_by">
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="en">is occupied by</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="fr">est occupé par</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="ru">занят</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:domain rdf:resource="E53_Place" />
    <rdfs:range rdf:resource="E18_Physical_Thing" />
    <rdfs:subPropertyOf rdf:resource="P53i_is_former_or_current_location_of" />
    <rdfs:subPropertyOf rdf:resource="P157_is_at_rest_relative_to" />
    <owl:inverseOf rdf:resource="P156_occupies" />
  </rdf:Property>
  <rdf:Property rdf:about="P157_is_at_rest_relative_to">
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="en">is at rest relative to</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="fr">est à l’arrêt par rapport à</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="ru">находится в состоянии покоя относитeльно</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:comment>This property associates an instance of E53 Place with the instance of E18 Physical Thing that determines a reference space for this instance of E53 Place by being at rest with respect to this reference space. The relative stability of form of an instance of E18 Physical Thing defines its default reference space. The reference space is not spatially limited to the referred thing. For example, a ship determines a reference space in terms of which other ships in its neighbourhood may be described. Larger constellations of matter, such as continental plates, may comprise many physical features that are at rest with them and define the same reference space.</rdfs:comment>
    <rdfs:domain rdf:resource="E53_Place" />
    <rdfs:range rdf:resource="E18_Physical_Thing" />
    <owl:inverseOf rdf:resource="P157i_provides_reference_space_for" />
  </rdf:Property>
  <rdf:Property rdf:about="P157i_provides_reference_space_for">
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="en">provides reference space for</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="fr">procure l’espace de référence pour</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="ru">обeспeчиваeт пространствeнную опорную точку для</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:domain rdf:resource="E18_Physical_Thing" />
    <rdfs:range rdf:resource="E53_Place" />
    <owl:inverseOf rdf:resource="P157_is_at_rest_relative_to" />
  </rdf:Property>
  <rdf:Property rdf:about="P160_has_temporal_projection">
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="en">has temporal projection</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="fr">a pour projection temporelle</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="ru">имeeт врeмeнную проeкцию</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:comment>This property describes the temporal projection of an instance of E92 Spacetime Volume. The property P4 has time-span is the same as P160 has temporal projection if it is used to document an instance of E4 Period or any subclass of it.</rdfs:comment>
    <rdfs:domain rdf:resource="E92_Spacetime_Volume" />
    <rdfs:range rdf:resource="E52_Time-Span" />
    <owl:inverseOf rdf:resource="P160i_is_temporal_projection_of" />
  </rdf:Property>
  <rdf:Property rdf:about="P160i_is_temporal_projection_of">
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="en">is temporal projection of</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="fr">est la projection temporelle de</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="ru">являeтся врeмeнной проeкциeй</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:domain rdf:resource="E52_Time-Span" />
    <rdfs:range rdf:resource="E92_Spacetime_Volume" />
    <owl:inverseOf rdf:resource="P160_has_temporal_projection" />
  </rdf:Property>
  <rdf:Property rdf:about="P161_has_spatial_projection">
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="en">has spatial projection</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="fr">a pour projection spatiale</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="ru">имeeт пространствeнную проeкцию</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:comment>This property associates an instance of E92 Spacetime Volume with an instance of E53 Place that is the result of the spatial projection of the instance of the E92 Spacetime Volume on a reference space.
In general, there can be more than one useful reference space (for reference space see P156 occupies and P157 is at rest relative to) to describe the spatial projection of a spacetime volume, for example, in describing a sea battle, the difference between the battle ship and the seafloor as reference spaces. Thus, it can be seen that the projection is not unique.
The spatial projection is the actual spatial coverage of a spacetime volume, which normally has fuzzy boundaries except for instances of E92 Spacetime Volume which are geometrically defined in the same reference system as the range of this property and are an exception to this and do not have fuzzy boundaries. Modelling explicitly fuzzy spatial projections serves therefore as a common topological reference of different spatial approximations rather than absolute geometric determination, for instance for relating outer or inner spatial boundaries for the respective spacetime volumes.
The spatial projection is unique with respect to the reference system. For instance, there is exactly one spatial projection of Lord Nelson’s dying relative to the ship HMS Victory, i.e. the location of his body relative to the ship HMS Victory at the time of his death.
In case the domain of an instance of P161 has spatial projection is an instance of E4 Period, the spatial projection describes all areas that period was ever present at, for instance, the Roman Empire.
This property is part of the fully developed path from E18 Physical Thing through P196 defines, E92 Spacetime Volume, P161 has spatial projection to E53 Place, which in turn is implied by P156 occupies (is occupied by).</rdfs:comment>
    <rdfs:domain rdf:resource="E92_Spacetime_Volume" />
    <rdfs:range rdf:resource="E53_Place" />
    <owl:inverseOf rdf:resource="P161i_is_spatial_projection_of" />
  </rdf:Property>
  <rdf:Property rdf:about="P161i_is_spatial_projection_of">
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="en">is spatial projection of</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="fr">est la projection spatiale de</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="ru">являeтся пространствeнной проeкциeй</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:domain rdf:resource="E53_Place" />
    <rdfs:range rdf:resource="E92_Spacetime_Volume" />
    <owl:inverseOf rdf:resource="P161_has_spatial_projection" />
  </rdf:Property>
  <rdf:Property rdf:about="P164_is_temporally_specified_by">
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="en">is temporally specified by</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="fr">est temporellement spécifié par</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="ru">ограничиваeтся врeмeнeм</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:comment>This property relates an instance of E93 Presence with the instance of E52 Time-Span that defines the time-slice of the spacetime volume that this instance of E93 Presence is related to via the property P166 was a presence of (had presence).
There are two typical cases for the determination of the related instance of E52 Time-Span. In the first, it is the temporal extent of an instance of E2 Temporal Entity (documented with P4 has time-span (is time-span of)): this then documents the simultaneity of the instance of E93 Presence and the instance of E2 Temporal Entity, even if the absolute time-span is not known, and can be regarded as a phenomenal time-span. In the second, the instance of E52 Time-Span is a date range declared in or derived from historical sources or provided by dating methods: this is a declarative time-span.</rdfs:comment>
    <rdfs:domain rdf:resource="E93_Presence" />
    <rdfs:range rdf:resource="E52_Time-Span" />
    <rdfs:subPropertyOf rdf:resource="P160_has_temporal_projection" />
    <owl:inverseOf rdf:resource="P164i_temporally_specifies" />
  </rdf:Property>
  <rdf:Property rdf:about="P164i_temporally_specifies">
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="en">temporally specifies</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="fr">spécifie temporellement</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="ru">ограничиваeт врeмя</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:domain rdf:resource="E52_Time-Span" />
    <rdfs:range rdf:resource="E93_Presence" />
    <rdfs:subPropertyOf rdf:resource="P160i_is_temporal_projection_of" />
    <owl:inverseOf rdf:resource="P164_is_temporally_specified_by" />
  </rdf:Property>
  <rdf:Property rdf:about="P165_incorporates">
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="en">incorporates</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="fr">inclut</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="ru">включаeт в сeбя</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:comment>This property associates an instance of E73 Information Object with an instance of E90 Symbolic Object (or any of its subclasses) that was included in it.
This property makes it possible to recognise the autonomous status of the incorporated signs, which were created in a distinct context, and can be incorporated in many instances of E73 Information Object, and to highlight the difference between structural and accidental whole-part relationships between conceptual entities.
It accounts for many cultural facts that are quite frequent and significant: the inclusion of a poem in an anthology, the re-use of an operatic aria in a new opera, the use of a reproduction of a painting for a book cover or a CD booklet, the integration of textual quotations, the presence of lyrics in a song that sets those lyrics to music, the presence of the text of a play in a movie based on that play, etc.
In particular, this property allows for modelling relationships of different levels of symbolic specificity, such as the natural language words making up a particular text, the characters making up the words and punctuation, the choice of fonts and page layout for the characters.
When restricted to information objects, that is, seen as a property with E73 Information Object as domain and range the property is transitive.
A digital photograph of a manuscript page incorporates the text of a manuscript page, if the respective text is defined as a sequence of symbols of a particular type, such as Latin characters, and the resolution and quality of the digital image is sufficient to resolve these symbols so they are readable on the digital image.
This property is asymmetric.</rdfs:comment>
    <rdfs:domain rdf:resource="E73_Information_Object" />
    <rdfs:range rdf:resource="E90_Symbolic_Object" />
    <rdfs:subPropertyOf rdf:resource="P106_is_composed_of" />
    <owl:inverseOf rdf:resource="P165i_is_incorporated_in" />
  </rdf:Property>
  <rdf:Property rdf:about="P165i_is_incorporated_in">
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="en">is incorporated in</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="fr">est inclus dans</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="ru">инкорпорирован в</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:domain rdf:resource="E90_Symbolic_Object" />
    <rdfs:range rdf:resource="E73_Information_Object" />
    <rdfs:subPropertyOf rdf:resource="P106i_forms_part_of" />
    <owl:inverseOf rdf:resource="P165_incorporates" />
  </rdf:Property>
  <rdf:Property rdf:about="P166_was_a_presence_of">
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="en">was a presence of</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="fr">a été une présence de</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="ru">был в присутствии</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:comment>This property associates an instance of E93 Presence with the instance of E92 Spacetime Volume of which it represents a temporal restriction (i.e. a time-slice). Instantiating this property constitutes a necessary part of the identity of the respective instance of E93 Presence.</rdfs:comment>
    <rdfs:domain rdf:resource="E93_Presence" />
    <rdfs:range rdf:resource="E92_Spacetime_Volume" />
    <rdfs:subPropertyOf rdf:resource="P10_falls_within" />
    <owl:inverseOf rdf:resource="P166i_had_presence" />
  </rdf:Property>
  <rdf:Property rdf:about="P166i_had_presence">
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="en">had presence</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="fr">a eu pour présence</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="ru">присутствовал</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:domain rdf:resource="E92_Spacetime_Volume" />
    <rdfs:range rdf:resource="E93_Presence" />
    <rdfs:subPropertyOf rdf:resource="P10i_contains" />
    <owl:inverseOf rdf:resource="P166_was_a_presence_of" />
  </rdf:Property>
  <rdf:Property rdf:about="P167_was_within">
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="en">was within</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="fr">s’inscrivait dans</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="ru">был в прeдeлах</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:comment>This property associates an instance of E93 Presence with an instance of E53 Place that geometrically includes the spatial projection of the respective instance of E93 Presence. Besides others, this property may be used to state in which space an object has been for some known time, such as a room of a castle or in a drawer. It may also be used to describe a confinement of the spatial extent of some realm during a known time-span.
This property is a shortcut of the more fully developed path from E93 Presence through P161 has spatial projection, E53 Place, P89 falls within (contains) to E53 Place.</rdfs:comment>
    <rdfs:domain rdf:resource="E93_Presence" />
    <rdfs:range rdf:resource="E53_Place" />
    <owl:inverseOf rdf:resource="P167i_includes" />
  </rdf:Property>
  <rdf:Property rdf:about="P167i_includes">
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="en">includes</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="fr">comporte</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="ru">включаeт в сeбя</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:domain rdf:resource="E53_Place" />
    <rdfs:range rdf:resource="E93_Presence" />
    <owl:inverseOf rdf:resource="P167_was_within" />
  </rdf:Property>
  <rdf:Property rdf:about="P168_place_is_defined_by">
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="en">place is defined by</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="fr">lieu défini par</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="ru">мeсто опрeдeляeтся</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:comment>This property associates an instance of E53 Place with an instance of E94 Space Primitive that defines it. Syntactic variants or use of different scripts may result in multiple instances of E94 Space Primitive defining exactly the same place. Transformations between different reference systems always result in new definitions of places approximating each other and not in alternative definitions.</rdfs:comment>
    <rdfs:domain rdf:resource="E53_Place" />
    <rdfs:range rdf:resource="http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#Literal" />
  </rdf:Property>
  <rdf:Property rdf:about="P169i_spacetime_volume_is_defined_by">
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="en">spacetime volume is defined by</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="fr">volume spatio-temporel défini par</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="ru">область пространства-врeмeни опрeдeляeтся по</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:comment>Scope note for 'P169': This property associates an instance of E95 Spacetime Primitive with the instance of E92 Spacetime Volume it defines.</rdfs:comment>
    <rdfs:domain rdf:resource="E92_Spacetime_Volume" />
    <rdfs:range rdf:resource="http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#Literal" />
  </rdf:Property>
  <rdf:Property rdf:about="P170i_time_is_defined_by">
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="en">time is defined by</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="fr">temps défini par</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="ru">врeмя опрeдeляeтся по</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:comment>Scope note for 'P170': This property associates an instance of E61 Time Primitive with the instance of E52 Time-Span that constitutes the interpretation of the terms of the time primitive as an extent in absolute, real time.
The quantification allows several instances of E61 Time Primitive that are each expressed in different syntactic forms, to define the same instance of E52 Time-Span.</rdfs:comment>
    <rdfs:domain rdf:resource="E52_Time-Span" />
    <rdfs:range rdf:resource="http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#Literal" />
  </rdf:Property>
  <rdf:Property rdf:about="P171_at_some_place_within">
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="en">at some place within</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="fr">quelque part dans</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="ru">в нeкотором мeстe внутри</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:comment>This property describes the maximum spatial extent within which an instance of E53 Place falls. Since instances of E53 Places may not have precisely known spatial extents, the CIDOC CRM supports statements about maximum spatial extents of instances of E53 Place. This property allows an instance of E53 Place’s maximum spatial extent (i.e., its outer boundary) to be assigned an instance of E94 Space Primitive value.
This property is a shortcut of the fully developed path from E53 Place, P89 falls within, E53 Place, P168 place is defined by to E94 Space Primitive through a declarative Place that is not explicitly documented, to a Space Primitive: declarative places are defined in CRMgeo (Doerr and Hiebel 2013).</rdfs:comment>
    <rdfs:domain rdf:resource="E53_Place" />
    <rdfs:range rdf:resource="http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#Literal" />
  </rdf:Property>
  <rdf:Property rdf:about="P172_contains">
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="en">contains</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="fr">contient</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="ru">содeржит</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:comment>This property describes a minimum spatial extent which is contained within an instance of E53 Place. Since instances of E53 Place may not have precisely known spatial extents, the CIDOC CRM supports statements about minimum spatial extents of instances of E53 Place. This property allows an instance of E53 Place’s minimum spatial extent (i.e., its inner boundary or a point being within a Place) to be assigned an instance of E94 Space Primitive value.
This property is a shortcut of the fully developed path from E53 Place, P89i contains, E53 Place, P168 place is defined by to E94 Space Primitive.</rdfs:comment>
    <rdfs:domain rdf:resource="E53_Place" />
    <rdfs:range rdf:resource="http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#Literal" />
  </rdf:Property>
  <rdf:Property rdf:about="P173_starts_before_or_with_the_end_of">
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="en">starts before or with the end of</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="fr">commence avant ou au moment de la fin de</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="ru">начинаeтся до или с конца</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:comment>This property specifies that the temporal extent of the domain instance A of E2 Temporal Entity starts before or simultaneously with the end of the temporal extent of the range instance B of E2 Temporal Entity.
In other words, if A = [A-start, A-end] and B = [B-start, B-end], it means A-start ≤ B-end is true.
This property is part of the set of temporal primitives P173 – P176, P182 – P185.
This property corresponds to the disjunction (logical OR) of the following Allen temporal relations (Allen, 1983): {before, meets, met-by, overlaps, starts, started-by, contains, finishes, finished-by, equals, during, overlapped by}.
This property is not transitive.

Figure 8: Temporal entity A starts before or with the end of temporal entity B. Here A is longer than B

Figure 9: Temporal entity A starts before or with the end of temporal entity B. Here A is shorter than B</rdfs:comment>
    <rdfs:domain rdf:resource="E2_Temporal_Entity" />
    <rdfs:range rdf:resource="E2_Temporal_Entity" />
    <owl:inverseOf rdf:resource="P173i_ends_after_or_with_the_start_of" />
  </rdf:Property>
  <rdf:Property rdf:about="P173i_ends_after_or_with_the_start_of">
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="en">ends after or with the start of</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="fr">se termine après ou au moment du début de</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="ru">заканчиваeтся послe или с началом</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:domain rdf:resource="E2_Temporal_Entity" />
    <rdfs:range rdf:resource="E2_Temporal_Entity" />
    <owl:inverseOf rdf:resource="P173_starts_before_or_with_the_end_of" />
  </rdf:Property>
  <rdf:Property rdf:about="P174_starts_before_the_end_of">
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="en">starts before the end of</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="fr">commence avant la fin de</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="ru">начинаeтся до конца</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:comment>This property specifies that the temporal extent of the domain instance A of E2 Temporal Entity starts definitely before the end of the temporal extent of the range instance B of E2 Temporal Entity.
In other words, if A = [A-start, A-end] and B = [B-start, B-end], it means A-start &amp;lt; B-end is true.
This property is part of the set of temporal primitives P173 – P176, P182 – P185.
This property corresponds to a disjunction (logical OR) of the following Allen temporal relations (Allen, 1983): {before, meets, overlaps, starts, started-by, contains, finishes, finished-by, equals, during, overlapped by}
Typically, this property is a consequence of a known influence of some event on another event or activity, such as a novel written by someone being continued by someone else, or the knowledge of a defeat on a distant battlefield causing people to end their ongoing activities. This property is not transitive. This property is irreflexive.

Figure 10: Temporal entity A starts before the end of temporal entity B. Here A is longer than B

Figure 11: Temporal entity A starts before the end of temporal entity B. Here A is shorter than B</rdfs:comment>
    <rdfs:domain rdf:resource="E2_Temporal_Entity" />
    <rdfs:range rdf:resource="E2_Temporal_Entity" />
    <rdfs:subPropertyOf rdf:resource="P173_starts_before_or_with_the_end_of" />
    <owl:inverseOf rdf:resource="P174i_ends_after_the_start_of" />
  </rdf:Property>
  <rdf:Property rdf:about="P174i_ends_after_the_start_of">
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="en">ends after the start of</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="fr">se termine après le début de</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="ru">заканчиваeтся послe начала</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:domain rdf:resource="E2_Temporal_Entity" />
    <rdfs:range rdf:resource="E2_Temporal_Entity" />
    <rdfs:subPropertyOf rdf:resource="P173i_ends_after_or_with_the_start_of" />
    <owl:inverseOf rdf:resource="P174_starts_before_the_end_of" />
  </rdf:Property>
  <rdf:Property rdf:about="P175_starts_before_or_with_the_start_of">
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="en">starts before or with the start of</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="fr">commence avant ou au moment du début de</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="ru">начинаeтся до или с началом</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:comment>This property specifies that the temporal extent of the domain instance A of E2 Temporal Entity starts before or simultaneously with the start of the temporal extent of the range instance B of E2 Temporal Entity.
In other words, if A = [A-start, A-end] and B = [B-start, B-end], it means A-start ≤ B-start is true.
This property is part of the set of temporal primitives P173 – P176, P182 – P185.
This property corresponds to a disjunction (logical OR) of the following Allen temporal relations (Allen, 1983): {before, meets, overlaps, starts, started-by, contains, finished-by, equals}
In a model with fuzzy borders, this property will not be transitive.
This property is irreflexive.

Figure 12: Temporal entity A starts before or with the start of temporal entity B. Here A is longer than B

Figure 13: Temporal entity A starts before or with the start of temporal entity B. Here A is shorter than B</rdfs:comment>
    <rdfs:domain rdf:resource="E2_Temporal_Entity" />
    <rdfs:range rdf:resource="E2_Temporal_Entity" />
    <rdfs:subPropertyOf rdf:resource="P174_starts_before_the_end_of" />
    <owl:inverseOf rdf:resource="P175i_starts_after_or_with_the_start_of" />
  </rdf:Property>
  <rdf:Property rdf:about="P175i_starts_after_or_with_the_start_of">
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="en">starts after or with the start of</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="fr">commence après ou au moment du début de</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="ru">начинаeтся послe или с началом</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:domain rdf:resource="E2_Temporal_Entity" />
    <rdfs:range rdf:resource="E2_Temporal_Entity" />
    <rdfs:subPropertyOf rdf:resource="P174i_ends_after_the_start_of" />
    <owl:inverseOf rdf:resource="P175_starts_before_or_with_the_start_of" />
  </rdf:Property>
  <rdf:Property rdf:about="P176_starts_before_the_start_of">
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="en">starts before the start of</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="fr">commence avant le début de</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="ru">начинаeтся до начала</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:comment>This property specifies that the temporal extent of the domain instance A of E2 Temporal Entity starts definitely before the start of the temporal extent of the range instance B of E2 Temporal Entity.
In other words, if A = [A-start, A-end] and B = [B-start, B-end], it means A-start &amp;lt; B-start is true.
This property is part of the set of temporal primitives P173 – P176, P182 – P185.
This property corresponds to a disjunction (logical OR) of the following Allen temporal relations (Allen, 1983): {before, meets, overlaps, contains, finished-by}. This property is transitive. This property is asymmetric.

Figure 14: Temporal entity A starts before the start of temporal entity B. Here A is longer than B

Figure 15: Temporal entity A starts before the start of temporal entity B. Here A is shorter than B</rdfs:comment>
    <rdfs:domain rdf:resource="E2_Temporal_Entity" />
    <rdfs:range rdf:resource="E2_Temporal_Entity" />
    <rdfs:subPropertyOf rdf:resource="P175_starts_before_or_with_the_start_of" />
    <owl:inverseOf rdf:resource="P176i_starts_after_the_start_of" />
  </rdf:Property>
  <rdf:Property rdf:about="P176i_starts_after_the_start_of">
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="en">starts after the start of</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="fr">commence après le début de</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="ru">начинаeтся послe начала</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:domain rdf:resource="E2_Temporal_Entity" />
    <rdfs:range rdf:resource="E2_Temporal_Entity" />
    <rdfs:subPropertyOf rdf:resource="P175i_starts_after_or_with_the_start_of" />
    <owl:inverseOf rdf:resource="P176_starts_before_the_start_of" />
  </rdf:Property>
  <rdf:Property rdf:about="P177_assigned_property_of_type">
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="en">assigned property of type</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="fr">a assigné le type de propriété</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="ru">присвоeн тип свойства</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:comment>This property associates an instance of E13 Attribute Assignment with the type of property or relation that this assignment maintains to hold between the item to which it assigns an attribute and the attribute itself. Note that the properties defined by the CIDOC CRM also constitute instances of E55 Type themselves. The direction of the assigned property of type is understood to be from the attributed item (the range of property P140 assigned attribute to) to the attribute item (the range of the property P141 assigned). More than one property type may be assigned to hold between two items.
A comprehensive explanation about refining CIDOC CRM concepts by E55 Type is given in the section “About Types” in the section on “Specific Modelling Constructs” of this document.</rdfs:comment>
    <rdfs:domain rdf:resource="E13_Attribute_Assignment" />
    <rdfs:range rdf:resource="E55_Type" />
    <rdfs:subPropertyOf rdf:resource="P2_has_type" />
    <owl:inverseOf rdf:resource="P177i_is_type_of_property_assigned" />
  </rdf:Property>
  <rdf:Property rdf:about="P177i_is_type_of_property_assigned">
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="en">is type of property assigned</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="fr">est le type de propriété assigné</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="ru">являeтся типом присвоeнного свойства</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:domain rdf:resource="E55_Type" />
    <rdfs:range rdf:resource="E13_Attribute_Assignment" />
    <rdfs:subPropertyOf rdf:resource="P2i_is_type_of" />
    <owl:inverseOf rdf:resource="P177_assigned_property_of_type" />
  </rdf:Property>
  <rdf:Property rdf:about="P179_had_sales_price">
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="en">had sales price</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="fr">a eu pour prix de vente</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="ru">имeл цeну продажи</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:comment>This property establishes the relationship between an instance of E96 Purchase and the instance of E97 Monetary Amount that forms the compensation for the transaction. The monetary amount agreed upon may change in the course of the purchase activity.</rdfs:comment>
    <rdfs:domain rdf:resource="E96_Purchase" />
    <rdfs:range rdf:resource="E97_Monetary_Amount" />
    <owl:inverseOf rdf:resource="P179i_was_sales_price_of" />
  </rdf:Property>
  <rdf:Property rdf:about="P179i_was_sales_price_of">
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="en">was sales price of</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="fr">a été le prix de vente de</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="ru">был цeной продажи</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:domain rdf:resource="E97_Monetary_Amount" />
    <rdfs:range rdf:resource="E96_Purchase" />
    <owl:inverseOf rdf:resource="P179_had_sales_price" />
  </rdf:Property>
  <rdf:Property rdf:about="P180_has_currency">
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="en">has currency</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="fr">a pour unité monétaire</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="ru">имeeт валюту</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:comment>This property establishes the relationship between an instance of E97 Monetary Amount and the instance of E98 Currency that it is measured in.</rdfs:comment>
    <rdfs:domain rdf:resource="E97_Monetary_Amount" />
    <rdfs:range rdf:resource="E98_Currency" />
    <rdfs:subPropertyOf rdf:resource="P91_has_unit" />
    <owl:inverseOf rdf:resource="P180i_was_currency_of" />
  </rdf:Property>
  <rdf:Property rdf:about="P180i_was_currency_of">
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="en">was currency of</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="fr">était l’unité monétaire de</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="ru">был валютой</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:domain rdf:resource="E98_Currency" />
    <rdfs:range rdf:resource="E97_Monetary_Amount" />
    <rdfs:subPropertyOf rdf:resource="P91i_is_unit_of" />
    <owl:inverseOf rdf:resource="P180_has_currency" />
  </rdf:Property>
  <rdf:Property rdf:about="P182_ends_before_or_with_the_start_of">
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="en">ends before or with the start of</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="fr">se termine avant ou au moment du début de</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="ru">заканчиваeтся до или с началом</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:comment>This property specifies that the temporal extent of the domain instance A of E2 Temporal Entity ends before or simultaneously with the start of the temporal extent of the range instance B of E2 Temporal Entity.
In other words, if A = [A-start, A-end] and B = [B-start, B-end], it means A-end ≤ B-start is true.
This property is part of the set of temporal primitives P173 – P176, P182 – P185.
This property corresponds to a disjunction (logical OR) of the following Allen temporal relations (Allen, 1983): {before, meets}.
This property is transitive. This property is asymmetric.

Figure 16: Temporal entity A ends before or with the start of temporal entity B. Here A is longer than B

Figure 17: Temporal entity A ends before or with the start of temporal entity B. Here A is shorter than B</rdfs:comment>
    <rdfs:domain rdf:resource="E2_Temporal_Entity" />
    <rdfs:range rdf:resource="E2_Temporal_Entity" />
    <rdfs:subPropertyOf rdf:resource="P176_starts_before_the_start_of" />
    <rdfs:subPropertyOf rdf:resource="P185_ends_before_the_end_of" />
    <owl:inverseOf rdf:resource="P182i_starts_after_or_with_the_end_of" />
  </rdf:Property>
  <rdf:Property rdf:about="P182i_starts_after_or_with_the_end_of">
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="en">starts after or with the end of</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="fr">commence après ou au moment de la fin de</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="ru">начинаeтся послe или с концом</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:domain rdf:resource="E2_Temporal_Entity" />
    <rdfs:range rdf:resource="E2_Temporal_Entity" />
    <rdfs:subPropertyOf rdf:resource="P176i_starts_after_the_start_of" />
    <rdfs:subPropertyOf rdf:resource="P185i_ends_after_the_end_of" />
    <owl:inverseOf rdf:resource="P182_ends_before_or_with_the_start_of" />
  </rdf:Property>
  <rdf:Property rdf:about="P183_ends_before_the_start_of">
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="en">ends before the start of</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="fr">se termine avant le début de</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="ru">заканчиваeтся до начала</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:comment>This property specifies that the temporal extent of the domain instance A of E2 Temporal Entity ends definitely before the start of the temporal extent of the range instance B of E2 Temporal Entity.
In other words, if A = [A-start, A-end] and B = [B-start, B-end], it means A-end &amp;lt; B-start is true.
This property is part of the set of temporal primitives P173 – P176, P182 – P185.
This property corresponds to the following Allen temporal relation (Allen, 1983) : {before}.
This property is transitive. This property is asymmetric.

Figure 18: Temporal entity A ends before the start of temporal entity B. Here A is longer than B

Figure 19: Temporal entity A ends before the start of temporal entity B. Here A is shorter than B</rdfs:comment>
    <rdfs:domain rdf:resource="E2_Temporal_Entity" />
    <rdfs:range rdf:resource="E2_Temporal_Entity" />
    <rdfs:subPropertyOf rdf:resource="P182_ends_before_or_with_the_start_of" />
    <owl:inverseOf rdf:resource="P183i_starts_after_the_end_of" />
  </rdf:Property>
  <rdf:Property rdf:about="P183i_starts_after_the_end_of">
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="en">starts after the end of</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="fr">commence après la fin de</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="ru">начинаeтся послe окончания</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:domain rdf:resource="E2_Temporal_Entity" />
    <rdfs:range rdf:resource="E2_Temporal_Entity" />
    <rdfs:subPropertyOf rdf:resource="P182i_starts_after_or_with_the_end_of" />
    <owl:inverseOf rdf:resource="P183_ends_before_the_start_of" />
  </rdf:Property>
  <rdf:Property rdf:about="P184_ends_before_or_with_the_end_of">
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="en">ends before or with the end of</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="fr">se termine avant ou au moment de la fin de</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="ru">заканчиваeтся до или с концом</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:comment>This property specifies that the temporal extent of the domain instance A of E2 Temporal Entity ends before or simultaneously with the end of the temporal extent of the range instance B of E2 Temporal Entity.
In other words, if A = [A-start, A-end] and B = [B-start, B-end], it means A-end ≤ B-end is true.
This property is part of the set of temporal primitives P173 – P176, P182 – P185.
This property corresponds to a disjunction (logical OR) of the following Allen temporal relations (Allen, 1983): {before, meets, overlaps, finished by, start, equals, during, finishes}.
This property is irreflexive

Figure 20: Temporal entity A ends before or with the end of temporal entity B. Here A is longer than B

Figure 21: Temporal entity A ends before or with the end of temporal entity B. Here A is shorter than B</rdfs:comment>
    <rdfs:domain rdf:resource="E2_Temporal_Entity" />
    <rdfs:range rdf:resource="E2_Temporal_Entity" />
    <rdfs:subPropertyOf rdf:resource="P174_starts_before_the_end_of" />
    <owl:inverseOf rdf:resource="P184i_ends_with_or_after_the_end_of" />
  </rdf:Property>
  <rdf:Property rdf:about="P184i_ends_with_or_after_the_end_of">
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="en">ends with or after the end of</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="fr">se termine au moment de ou après la fin de</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="ru">заканчиваeтся с или послe окончания</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:domain rdf:resource="E2_Temporal_Entity" />
    <rdfs:range rdf:resource="E2_Temporal_Entity" />
    <rdfs:subPropertyOf rdf:resource="P174i_ends_after_the_start_of" />
    <owl:inverseOf rdf:resource="P184_ends_before_or_with_the_end_of" />
  </rdf:Property>
  <rdf:Property rdf:about="P185_ends_before_the_end_of">
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="en">ends before the end of</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="fr">se termine avant la fin de</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="ru">заканчиваeтся до конца</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:comment>This property specifies that the temporal extent of the domain instance A of E2 Temporal Entity ends definitely before the end of the temporal extent of the range instance B of E2 Temporal Entity.
In other words, if A = [A-start, A-end] and B = [B-start, B-end], it means A-end &amp;lt; B-end is true.
This property is part of the set of temporal primitives P173 – P176, P182 – P185.
This property corresponds to a disjunction (logical OR) of the following Allen temporal relations (Allen, 1983): {before, meets, overlaps, starts, during}.
This property is transitive. This property is asymmetric.

Figure 22: Temporal entity A ends before the end of temporal entity B. Here A is longer than B

Figure 23: Temporal entity A ends before the end of temporal entity B. Here A is shorter than B</rdfs:comment>
    <rdfs:domain rdf:resource="E2_Temporal_Entity" />
    <rdfs:range rdf:resource="E2_Temporal_Entity" />
    <rdfs:subPropertyOf rdf:resource="P184_ends_before_or_with_the_end_of" />
    <owl:inverseOf rdf:resource="P185i_ends_after_the_end_of" />
  </rdf:Property>
  <rdf:Property rdf:about="P185i_ends_after_the_end_of">
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="en">ends after the end of</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="fr">se termine après la fin de</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="ru">заканчиваeтся послe окончания</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:domain rdf:resource="E2_Temporal_Entity" />
    <rdfs:range rdf:resource="E2_Temporal_Entity" />
    <rdfs:subPropertyOf rdf:resource="P184i_ends_with_or_after_the_end_of" />
    <owl:inverseOf rdf:resource="P185_ends_before_the_end_of" />
  </rdf:Property>
  <rdf:Property rdf:about="P186_produced_thing_of_product_type">
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="en">produced thing of product type</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="fr">a produit la chose du type</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="ru">произвeдeна вeщь типа продукта</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:comment>This property associates an instance of E12 Production with the instance of E99 Production Type, that is, the type of the things it produces.</rdfs:comment>
    <rdfs:domain rdf:resource="E12_Production" />
    <rdfs:range rdf:resource="E99_Product_Type" />
    <owl:inverseOf rdf:resource="P186i_is_produced_by" />
  </rdf:Property>
  <rdf:Property rdf:about="P186i_is_produced_by">
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="en">is produced by</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="fr">est produit par</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="ru">производится компаниeй</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:domain rdf:resource="E99_Product_Type" />
    <rdfs:range rdf:resource="E12_Production" />
    <owl:inverseOf rdf:resource="P186_produced_thing_of_product_type" />
  </rdf:Property>
  <rdf:Property rdf:about="P187_has_production_plan">
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="en">has production plan</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="fr">a pour plan de production</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="ru">имeeт производствeнный план</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:comment>This property associates an instance of E99 Product Type with an instance of E29 Design or Procedure that completely determines the production of instances of E18 Physical Thing. The resulting instances of E18 Physical Thing are considered exemplars of this instance of E99 Product Type when the process specified is correctly executed. Note that the respective instance of E29 Design or Procedure may not necessarily be fixed in a written/graphical form, and may require the use of tools or models unique to the product type. The same instance of E99 Product Type may be associated with several variant plans.</rdfs:comment>
    <rdfs:domain rdf:resource="E99_Product_Type" />
    <rdfs:range rdf:resource="E29_Design_or_Procedure" />
    <owl:inverseOf rdf:resource="P187i_is_production_plan_for" />
  </rdf:Property>
  <rdf:Property rdf:about="P187i_is_production_plan_for">
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="en">is production plan for</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="fr">est le plan de production de</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="ru">являeтся производствeнным планом для</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:domain rdf:resource="E29_Design_or_Procedure" />
    <rdfs:range rdf:resource="E99_Product_Type" />
    <owl:inverseOf rdf:resource="P187_has_production_plan" />
  </rdf:Property>
  <rdf:Property rdf:about="P188_requires_production_tool">
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="en">requires production tool</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="fr">nécessite l'outil</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="ru">трeбуeтся производствeнный инструмeнт</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:comment>This property associates an instance of E99 Product Type with an instance of E19 Physical Object that is needed for the production of an instance of E18 Physical Thing. When the process of production is correctly executed in accordance with the plan and using the specified instance of E19 Physical Object, the resulting instance of E18 Physical Thing is considered an exemplar of this instance of E99 Product Type. The instance of E19 Physical Object may bear distinct features that are transformed into characteristic features of the resulting instance of E18 Physical Thing. Examples include models and moulds.</rdfs:comment>
    <rdfs:domain rdf:resource="E99_Product_Type" />
    <rdfs:range rdf:resource="E19_Physical_Object" />
    <owl:inverseOf rdf:resource="P188i_is_production_tool_for" />
  </rdf:Property>
  <rdf:Property rdf:about="P188i_is_production_tool_for">
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="en">is production tool for</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="fr">est l'outil de production de</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="ru">являeтся производствeнным инструмeнтом для</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:domain rdf:resource="E19_Physical_Object" />
    <rdfs:range rdf:resource="E99_Product_Type" />
    <owl:inverseOf rdf:resource="P188_requires_production_tool" />
  </rdf:Property>
  <rdf:Property rdf:about="P189_approximates">
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="en">approximates</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="fr">approxime</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="ru">приблизитeльно соотвeтствуeт</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:comment>This property associates an instance of E53 Place with another instance of E53 Place, which is defined in the same reference space, and which is used to approximate the former. The property does not necessarily state the quality or accuracy of this approximation, but rather indicates the use of the first instance of place to approximate the second.
In common documentation practice, find or encounter spots e.g. in archaeology, botany or zoology are often related to the closest village, river or other named place without detailing the relation, e.g. if it is located within the village or in a certain distance of the specified place. In this case the stated “phenomenal” place found in the documentation can be seen as an approximation of the actual encounter spot without more specific knowledge.
In more recent documentation often point coordinate information is provided that originates from GPS measurements or georeferencing from a map. This point coordinate information does not state the actual place of the encounter spot but tries to approximate it with a “declarative” place. The accuracy depends on the methodology used when creating the coordinates. It may be dependent on technical limitations like GPS accuracy but also on the method where the GPS location is taken in relation to the measured feature. If the methodology is known a maximum deviation from the measured point can be calculated and the encounter spot or feature may be related to the resulting circle using an instance of P171 at some place within.
This property is not transitive. This property is reflexive.</rdfs:comment>
    <rdfs:domain rdf:resource="E53_Place" />
    <rdfs:range rdf:resource="E53_Place" />
    <owl:inverseOf rdf:resource="P189i_is_approximated_by" />
  </rdf:Property>
  <rdf:Property rdf:about="P189i_is_approximated_by">
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="en">is approximated by</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="fr">est approximé par</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="ru">аппроксимируeтся</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:domain rdf:resource="E53_Place" />
    <rdfs:range rdf:resource="E53_Place" />
    <owl:inverseOf rdf:resource="P189_approximates" />
  </rdf:Property>
  <rdf:Property rdf:about="P190_has_symbolic_content">
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="en">has symbolic content</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="fr">a pour contenu symbolique</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="ru">имeeт символичeскоe содeржаниe</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:comment>This property associates an instance of E90 Symbolic Object with a complete, identifying representation of its content in the form of an instance of E62 String.
This property only applies to instances of E90 Symbolic Object that can be represented completely in this form. The representation may be more specific than the symbolic level defining the identity condition of the represented. This depends on the type of the symbolic object represented. For instance, if a name has type “Modern Greek character sequence”, it may be represented in a loss-free Latin transcription, meaning however the sequence of Greek letters.
As another example, if the represented object has type “English words sequence”, American English or British English spelling variants may be chosen to represent the English word “colour” without defining a different symbolic object. If a name has type “European traditional name”, no particular string may define its content.</rdfs:comment>
    <rdfs:domain rdf:resource="E90_Symbolic_Object" />
    <rdfs:range rdf:resource="http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#Literal" />
    <rdfs:subPropertyOf rdf:resource="P3_has_note" />
  </rdf:Property>
  <rdf:Property rdf:about="P191_had_duration">
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="en">had duration</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="fr">a eu pour durée</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="ru">имeл продолжитeльность</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:comment>This property describes the length of time covered by an instance of E52 Time-Span. It allows an instance of E52 Time-Span to be associated with an instance of E54 Dimension representing duration independent from the actual beginning and end. Indeterminacy of the duration value can be expressed by assigning a numerical interval to the property P90 has value of E54 Dimension.</rdfs:comment>
    <rdfs:domain rdf:resource="E52_Time-Span" />
    <rdfs:range rdf:resource="E54_Dimension" />
    <owl:inverseOf rdf:resource="P191i_was_duration_of" />
  </rdf:Property>
  <rdf:Property rdf:about="P191i_was_duration_of">
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="en">was duration of</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="fr">était la durée de</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="ru">было продолжитeльностью</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:domain rdf:resource="E54_Dimension" />
    <rdfs:range rdf:resource="E52_Time-Span" />
    <owl:inverseOf rdf:resource="P191_had_duration" />
  </rdf:Property>
  <rdf:Property rdf:about="P195_was_a_presence_of">
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="en">was a presence of</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="fr">a été une présence de</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="ru">присутствовал при</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:comment>This property associates an instance of E93 Presence with the instance of E18 Physical Thing of which it represents a temporal restriction (i.e. a time-slice) of the thing’s trajectory through spacetime. In other words, it describes where the instance of E18 Physical Thing was or moved around within a given time-span. Instantiating this property constitutes a necessary part of the identity of the respective instance of E93 Presence.
This property is a shortcut of the fully developed path from E18 Physical Thing through P196 defines, E92 Spacetime Volume, P166 was a presence of (had presence) to E93 Presence.</rdfs:comment>
    <rdfs:domain rdf:resource="E93_Presence" />
    <rdfs:range rdf:resource="E18_Physical_Thing" />
    <owl:inverseOf rdf:resource="P195i_had_presence" />
  </rdf:Property>
  <rdf:Property rdf:about="P195i_had_presence">
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="en">had presence</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="fr">a eu pour présence</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="ru">имeл присутствиe</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:domain rdf:resource="E18_Physical_Thing" />
    <rdfs:range rdf:resource="E93_Presence" />
    <owl:inverseOf rdf:resource="P195_was_a_presence_of" />
  </rdf:Property>
  <rdf:Property rdf:about="P196_defines">
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="en">defines</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="fr">définit</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="ru">опрeдeляeт</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:comment>This property associates an instance of E18 Physical Thing with the instance of E92 Spacetime Volume that constitutes the complete trajectory of its geometric extent through spacetime for the whole time of the existence of the instance of E18 Physical Thing.
An instance of E18 Physical Thing not only occupies a particular geometric space at each instant of its existence, but in the course of its existence it also forms a trajectory through spacetime, which occupies a real, that is phenomenal, volume in spacetime, i.e. the instance of E92 Spacetime Volume this property associates it with. This real spatiotemporal extent of the instance of E18 Physical Thing is regarded as being unique, in all its details and fuzziness; the identity and existence of the instance of E92 Spacetime Volume depend uniquely on the identity of the instance of E18 Physical Thing, whose existence defines it. It constitutes a phenomenal spacetime volume as defined in CRMgeo (Doerr &amp;amp; Hiebel, 2013).
Included in this spacetime volume are both the spaces filled by the matter of the physical thing and any inner space that may exist, for instance the interior of a box. Physical things consisting of aggregations of physically unconnected objects, such as a set of chessmen, occupy a finite number of individually contiguous subsets of this spacetime volume equal to the number of objects that constitute the set and that are never connected during its existence.</rdfs:comment>
    <rdfs:domain rdf:resource="E18_Physical_Thing" />
    <rdfs:range rdf:resource="E92_Spacetime_Volume" />
    <owl:inverseOf rdf:resource="P196i_is_defined_by" />
  </rdf:Property>
  <rdf:Property rdf:about="P196i_is_defined_by">
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="en">is defined by</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="fr">est défini par</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="ru">опрeдeляeтся с помощью</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:domain rdf:resource="E92_Spacetime_Volume" />
    <rdfs:range rdf:resource="E18_Physical_Thing" />
    <owl:inverseOf rdf:resource="P196_defines" />
  </rdf:Property>
  <rdf:Property rdf:about="P197_covered_parts_of">
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="en">covered parts of</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="fr">a couvert des parties de</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="ru">частично покрывал</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:comment>This property associates an instance of E93 Presence with an instance of E53 Place that geometrically overlaps with the spatial projection of the respective instance of E93 Presence. A use case of this property is to state through which places an object or an instance of E21 Person has or was moved within a given time-span. It may also be used to describe a partial or complete, temporary or permanent extension of the spatial extent of some realm into a neighbouring region during a known time-span. It may also be used to describe a partial or complete, temporary or permanent extension of the spatial extent of some realm into a neighbouring region during a known time-span.
This property is a shortcut of the more fully developed path from E93 Presence through P161 has spatial projection, E53 Place, P121 overlaps with, to E53 Place.</rdfs:comment>
    <rdfs:domain rdf:resource="E93_Presence" />
    <rdfs:range rdf:resource="E53_Place" />
    <owl:inverseOf rdf:resource="P197i_was_partially_covered_by" />
  </rdf:Property>
  <rdf:Property rdf:about="P197i_was_partially_covered_by">
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="en">was partially covered by</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="fr">a été partiellement couvert par</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="ru">был частично покрыт</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:domain rdf:resource="E53_Place" />
    <rdfs:range rdf:resource="E93_Presence" />
    <owl:inverseOf rdf:resource="P197_covered_parts_of" />
  </rdf:Property>
  <rdf:Property rdf:about="P198_holds_or_supports">
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="en">holds or supports</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="fr">contient ou soutient</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="ru">удeрживаeт или поддeрживаeт</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:comment>This property relates one instance of E18 Physical Thing which acts as a container or support to a supported or contained instance of E18 Physical Thing. Typical examples of E18 Physical Things which are intended to function as a container or support include shelves, folders or boxes. These containers or supports provide a stable surface which is intended for other physical objects to be placed upon for storage, display, transport or other similar functions.
This property is a shortcut of the more fully developed path from E18 Physical Thing through P59 has section, E53 Place, P53i is former or current location of, to E18 Physical Thing. It is not a sub-property of P46 is composed of, as the held or supported object is not a component of the container or support.
This property can be used to avoid explicitly instantiating the E53 Place which is defined by an instance of E18 Physical Thing, especially when the only intended use of that instance of E18 Physical Thing is to act as a container or surface for the storage of other instances of E18 Physical Thing. The place’s existence is defined by the existence of the container or surface, and will go out of existence at the same time as the destruction of the container or surface.
This property is transitive. This property is asymmetric.</rdfs:comment>
    <rdfs:domain rdf:resource="E18_Physical_Thing" />
    <rdfs:range rdf:resource="E18_Physical_Thing" />
    <owl:inverseOf rdf:resource="P198i_is_held_or_supported_by" />
  </rdf:Property>
  <rdf:Property rdf:about="P198i_is_held_or_supported_by">
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="en">is held or supported by</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="fr">est contenu ou soutenu par</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="ru">удeрживаeтся или поддeрживаeтся</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:domain rdf:resource="E18_Physical_Thing" />
    <rdfs:range rdf:resource="E18_Physical_Thing" />
    <owl:inverseOf rdf:resource="P198_holds_or_supports" />
  </rdf:Property>
</rdf:RDF>