diff --git a/.Jules/palette.md b/.Jules/palette.md
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..c403950
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.Jules/palette.md
@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+
+## 2026-06-28 - Async Loading States via `e.submitter`
+**Learning:** Native form events expose `e.submitter`, enabling direct access to the initiating element (e.g. submit button) for visual loading states, but it must be safely null-checked since programmatic or non-button submissions might leave it undefined. Using `.innerHTML` preserves any icon elements inside the button text.
+**Action:** Always capture button state (`innerHTML`) and safely null-check `e.submitter` before modifying properties (`disabled`, `style.opacity`) during async calls, restoring original state in a `finally` block to guarantee recovery.
diff --git a/web-demo/js/app.js b/web-demo/js/app.js
index 11508de..0aa8b84 100644
--- a/web-demo/js/app.js
+++ b/web-demo/js/app.js
@@ -144,6 +144,15 @@ class ClimaAI {
         e.preventDefault();
         const email = document.getElementById('loginEmail').value;
         const password = document.getElementById('loginPassword').value;
+        const submitBtn = e.submitter;
+        let originalText = '';
+
+        if (submitBtn) {
+            originalText = submitBtn.innerHTML;
+            submitBtn.disabled = true;
+            submitBtn.style.opacity = '0.7';
+            submitBtn.innerHTML = 'Logging in...';
+        }
 
         try {
             this.showToast('Logging in...', 'info');
@@ -155,6 +164,12 @@ class ClimaAI {
             this.checkSubscription();
         } catch (error) {
             this.showToast(error.message || 'Login failed', 'error');
+        } finally {
+            if (submitBtn) {
+                submitBtn.disabled = false;
+                submitBtn.style.opacity = '1';
+                submitBtn.innerHTML = originalText;
+            }
         }
     }
 
@@ -163,6 +178,15 @@ class ClimaAI {
         const name = document.getElementById('registerName').value;
         const email = document.getElementById('registerEmail').value;
         const password = document.getElementById('registerPassword').value;
+        const submitBtn = e.submitter;
+        let originalText = '';
+
+        if (submitBtn) {
+            originalText = submitBtn.innerHTML;
+            submitBtn.disabled = true;
+            submitBtn.style.opacity = '0.7';
+            submitBtn.innerHTML = 'Creating account...';
+        }
 
         try {
             this.showToast('Creating account...', 'info');
@@ -174,6 +198,12 @@ class ClimaAI {
             this.checkSubscription();
         } catch (error) {
             this.showToast(error.message || 'Registration failed', 'error');
+        } finally {
+            if (submitBtn) {
+                submitBtn.disabled = false;
+                submitBtn.style.opacity = '1';
+                submitBtn.innerHTML = originalText;
+            }
         }
     }