Skip to content

Verifier Standard (VSTD)

Portable, bounded, refutable evidence for computational claims.

Repository checks Latest release Python 3.10–3.13 License: Apache-2.0 Status: alpha

Acronyms used below: identifier (ID); reduced instruction set computer (RISC).

VSTD is a verification-domain language and Python reference implementation for packaging bounded computational claims with their evidence, checking mechanisms, limits, refutation conditions, provenance, and reproducibility information. It does not replace native domain verifiers, proof systems, signatures, identity systems, transparency logs, or provenance formats, and it never strengthens their results merely by translating or storing them.

VSTD evaluates bounded validity propositions about computational processes represented by software and evidence-bearing artifacts. It does not decide whether an actor is good, bad, reputable, or trustworthy; identity and reputation alone contribute no verdict weight.

It addresses a practical review problem: a final answer or green check rarely says exactly what was checked, which evidence was used, where the conclusion stops, or what would overturn it. VSTD carries those boundaries with the result.

Current boundary: implemented reference paths cover receipts, generic computation capture, provenance graphs, verification geometry, accelerator evidence, grounded certificate checking, evidence-bound VSTD-4/VSTD-5 assessment, evidence-bound Graph ratings, replayable additive Graph lifecycle/assurance propagation, reproduction, exact-byte artifact freezing, finite self-closing seals, copy-on-write thawing, and a flagship adversarial demo. Compatibility candidate paths remain NOT_ESTABLISHED; evidence-bound paths rerun exact registered mechanisms and preserve their evidence, trust roots, bounds, and limitations. No real external witness or independent implementation is claimed. See current maturity and claims and limits.

Normative specifications · 60-second quickstart · Implementation reference · Report an ambiguity or counterexample · Report a vulnerability privately

30–60 second demonstration

git clone https://github.com/TimeLordRaps/verifier.git
cd verifier
python -m pip install .
vstd demo

The side-effect-free demo runs four public adversarial specimens:

VSTD flagship adversarial demo
4/4 scenarios behaved as required.
[DEMO OK] Valid-looking proof, wrong artifact          → REJECTED
[DEMO OK] Bound exhausted without a false answer       → ACCEPTED/UNKNOWN
[DEMO OK] Inflated verification-cost claim             → REJECTED
[DEMO OK] Revoked ancestor behind valid descendants    → GRAPH-CANDIDATE-0

[DEMO OK] means the expected defensive outcome occurred; it is not a VSTD PASS. The scenarios establish bounded behavior of this reference implementation over the included specimens. They do not establish empirical truth, complete provenance, external adoption, independent implementation, or general artificial intelligence (AI) safety. Use vstd demo --json for JavaScript Object Notation (JSON) output or vstd demo --emit-specimens PATH to inspect the generated files.

What a result means

VSTD result terms remain tied to one exact proposition, mechanism, evidence set, and bound:

Result Bounded meaning It does not mean
PASS The named mechanism established its declared proposition inside the stated coordinate and bounds. The proposition is universally or permanently true.
FAIL The mechanism found a checked violation, rejected certificate, or counterexample at the named surface. Every broader interpretation is false.
UNKNOWN Available evidence, capability, or resources did not establish PASS or FAIL. False, safe, unsupported forever, or “probably PASS.”
CONFLICTED Incompatible evidence or assertions remain explicit. The conflict was resolved by choosing one side.
NOT_ESTABLISHED The evaluated path did not establish conformance: it may be a compatibility candidate, or required evidence, exact binding, mechanism availability, mechanism result, prerequisite, or profile floor was missing or non-passing. Conformance, readiness, or a weak form of PASS.

A VSTD PASS never means “true in the real world” without the exact real-world proposition and observation boundary being part of the checked claim.

Current maturity

This is the canonical repository status table. “Implemented” applies only to the named reference surface; it does not imply adoption, external interoperability, certification, or a second implementation.

Surface Normative status Reference implementation Evidence binding Conformance status Missing mechanism or evidence
VSTD-1 Project specification with implemented reference subset Claim receipts, checker reports, strict generic-run profile, inspection, and current-profile reads Claim coordinates, stable digests, mechanism descriptors, and declared provenance; actor separation is not inferred Implemented reference subset External implementation and a validator binding distinct producer/checker actors and execution seams
VSTD-2 Additive experimental project specification Typed verification geometry, residuals, closure checks, schema, and tests Geometry and declared reconstruction evidence inside the receipt Implemented vertical slice Independent implementation and broader geometry interoperability
VSTD-3 Implemented project specification Typed accelerator model, strict validator, emulator, offline adapters, continuity, fleet, and claim evaluation Conditional on source-specific signatures, nonces, reference values, topology, events, and trust roots; host inventory remains weak evidence Implemented reference surface Vendor firmware integration, production trust roots, and complete-mediation evidence outside the emulator boundary
VSTD-4 Project specification with implemented reference paths grounded decision certificate (GDC) parser/kernel, compatibility candidate depth, and evidence-bound establishment/recheck Exact VSTD-1/2/3 and fourteen-rung propositions, content-addressed evidence bytes, mechanism implementation digests, trust roots, and bounds Candidate path NOT_ESTABLISHED; evidence-bound path can establish conformance Independent implementation, external interoperability, and deployment-specific rung mechanisms/evidence
VSTD-5 Project specification with implemented reference mechanism Evidence-bound entry gate, seven separation dimensions, exact admitted-certificate binding, corroboration checks, duplicate refusal, disagreement preservation, receipt build/recheck Witness coordinate, exact negative separation propositions, VSTD-4 commitment/certificate, checker, observations, mechanisms, trust roots, bounds, and embedded evidence Mechanism can establish a bounded result; a positive observation with unresolved independence remains overall UNKNOWN; no repository claim of a real independent witness Real independent witnesses, second implementation, external attack, and operational interoperability
VSTD-Graph-1 Project specification with implemented reference subset Content-addressed artifacts, transformations, conflicts, policy queries, receipts, and recorded reachability Binds recorded objects and edges; it does not establish real-world completeness or causality Implemented reference subset Independent implementation and external provenance-profile interoperability
VSTD-Graph-2 Project specification with implemented reference paths Compatibility candidate plus evidence-bound Bounded Collection Surface computation/recheck Registered mechanisms rerun exact member, ancestor, and edge ratings bound to the Graph bytes, deduplicated members, collection, and claim Candidate NOT_ESTABLISHED; evidence-bound profile 1–5 path can establish; profile zero cannot External rating mechanisms, independent implementation, and interoperability
VSTD-Graph-3 Project specification with implemented reference paths Compatibility candidate plus evidence-bound Accountable Provenance Closure computation/recheck Same complete closure binding, including VSTD-3 rating propositions Candidate NOT_ESTABLISHED; evidence-bound path can establish Production VSTD-3 rating evidence across a real collection
VSTD-Graph-4 Project specification with implemented reference paths Compatibility candidate plus evidence-bound Refutable Transformation Closure computation/recheck Same complete closure binding; an edge mechanism must actually check its refutability closure Candidate NOT_ESTABLISHED; evidence-bound path can establish External closure mechanisms and independent replay
VSTD-Graph-5 Project specification with implemented reference paths Compatibility candidate plus evidence-bound Corroborated Verification Network computation/recheck Exact VSTD-5 object and transformation rating mechanisms across the complete closure Candidate NOT_ESTABLISHED; evidence-bound path can establish Real independently corroborated collection, second implementation, and interoperability
Generic run VSTD-1 generic-computation profile Plan, execute, capture, inspect, strict shape/digest validation, and declared-output rerun Captures command, source state, outputs, environment, and manifest declarations; generic validation is not native claim verification or VSTD-4 conformance Implemented VSTD-1 profile Sandbox, generic external-evidence resolver, and actor/execution binder
Artifact freeze, seal, and thaw Normative artifact-control mechanism; not a numbered VSTD or receipt profile Exact regular-file byte preservation, dual-digest artifact identity, read-only guards, finite self-closing Ed25519 seals, external anchor checks, and copy-on-write thaw status Binds artifact bytes, paths, media type, freeze manifest, carried key, signature, and optional expected artifact/key coordinates Implemented mechanism version 1 Durable external archive, privileged-write prevention, trusted time, encryption, semantic correctness, and realm/continuity verification
Experimental workflow Non-normative experimental profile 0.1 Strict validator, verdict-neutral GitHub event projector, allocation records, and command-line interface (CLI) Preserves native platform results and explicit horizons with verification_effect = NONE No VSTD conformance claim Independent consumer, additional platform adapter, and evidence for allocation optimality
Supply Chain Integrity, Transparency, and Trust (SCITT) interoperability Experimental, non-normative application profile and crosswalk Real local Concise Binary Object Representation (CBOR) plus CBOR Object Signing and Encryption (COSE) signatures/receipt, loss-declared adapter, and adjacent native-result composition Binds the exact payload under emitted test keys and local policy; registration never establishes payload truth VSTD-4 remains NOT_ESTABLISHED Public Transparency Service, external implementation/interoperability result, and Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF) review
zero-identity/zero-knowledge (ZIZK) artifact-first TRUST Governing VSTD architecture in standard/LADDER.md section 1.1; not a separate numbered profile Hash-chained event serialization and offline replay, evidence-bound forward TRUST, typed ROT, challenge projection, reverse RUST, structural concentration, conflict resolution, explicit localization, and bounded diagnostic attribution Exact Graph topology, proposition bindings, embedded evidence bytes, mechanisms, trust roots, bounds, and immutable history Implemented reference mechanism; no universal support score or actor trust Domain-specific transfer/localization mechanisms, independent cross-implementation replay, complete trichotomy derivation, and maturation of optional proof backends
RISC Zero proof-carrying reference mechanism Bounded non-normative mechanism example under the governing ZIZK architecture Pinned prover/verifier source plus a tracked real receipt, public envelope, self-test result, and network-offline command that requires the tracked guest build and recorded proof to share one image identifier Authenticates one fixed hidden-witness predicate and expected image identifier; it does not establish the witness's external truth Native proof verified; no VSTD receipt mapping Independent build host, external audit, complete VSTD trichotomy predicate, and additional proof backends

The authoritative implementation-to-specification map is docs/ARCHITECTURE.md. Normative meaning remains under standard/.

Why VSTD exists

Ordinary computational results often omit machine-readable answers to four questions:

  1. What exactly was claimed? Subject, predicate, parameters, scope, and limits.
  2. Which evidence supports it? Exact bytes, digests, mechanisms, provenance, and trust roots.
  3. Where does the verdict stop? Explicit coordinates, exclusions, and resource bounds.
  4. How can it change? Reproduction, counterexample, challenge, invalidation, and degradation rules.

VSTD packages that review boundary in receipts and provenance hypergraphs. The core design rule is:

No assurance is gained from storage location, field name, repetition, graph multiplicity, actor reputation, or propagation. Every increase must identify the verification mechanism that earned it.

Architecture

Verifier Standard object and Graph numbered profiles, each requiring separate evidence for its closure coordinate

VSTD is a verification complex of named closure coordinates and evidence-bearing relations. Specification numbers select cumulative profiles, not software revisions, interchangeable layers, or scalar assurance levels. The object axis evaluates one computational claim; the Graph axis evaluates a bounded collection and its recorded transformations.

Profile number Object closure coordinate Graph closure coordinate
1 Claim mechanics Recorded lineage
2 Verification surface Bounded collection surface
3 Substrate accountability Accountable provenance closure
4 Refutability Refutable transformation closure
5 Witness corroboration Corroborated verification network

A later-profile result does not supply, imply, upgrade, or repair a prerequisite coordinate. Object profile depth requires separate passing evidence for every required coordinate.

As an operational traversal, an implementation may capture a run through VSTD-1, map profiler or domain observations through adjacent adapters into a VSTD-2 surface, bind the execution substrate through VSTD-3, make the result portably refutable through VSTD-4, and record independently evidenced witness corroboration through VSTD-5. This traversal does not collapse the named coordinates. VSTD-Graph is the orthogonal collection axis: a bounded Graph result may be materialized as a content-addressed artifact and enter a later verification loop only with its source graph, selected surface, mechanism, lineage, losses, limitations, conflicts, and current admissibility preserved. The compatibility graph_level result remains a NOT_ESTABLISHED candidate. establish_graph_level can establish only profile 1–5 after every required rating mechanism is rerun from exact evidence bound to the exact Graph, member set, collection, and claim. Profile zero remains NOT_ESTABLISHED.

The formal names TRUST, ROT, and RUST are semantic terms, not acronyms, actor ratings, scalar scores, numbered-profile verdicts, or references to the Rust programming language. They serialize only as typed events in VSTD-GRAPH-ASSURANCE-1. TRUST is mechanism-earned artifact support moving forward edge by edge through checked development, with each event binding one exact transformation, its inputs and output, the historical Graph digest, and any prerequisite TRUST events; ROT is typed, time-indexed degradation of current admissibility without rewriting historical evidence; RUST is the inverse-TRUST diagnostic mechanic moving backward from a descendant deviation through historically recorded contributing ancestry. Current revocation or conflict can remove a route from current TRUST without erasing that diagnostic history. This memetic propagation does not by itself prove guilt, responsibility, falsehood, causal localization, or automatic ancestor falsification. The reference runtime requires a separate passing localization mechanism bound to one exact passing RUST event and descendant-deviation proposition before it can emit a bounded BLAME or GUILT. BLAME establishes bounded responsibility or material contribution; GUILT is not its opposite, but the stronger combined result that additionally establishes an exact violated obligation. Neither result concerns actor character. See the governing architecture.

VSTD-GRAPH-ASSURANCE-1 carries the immutable historical Graph, exact event bindings, embedded evidence bytes, event hash chain, and derived current-view digest. recheck_assurance_log rehashes the evidence, reruns each exact registered mechanism, and rejects any event or current view that does not reproduce. Conflict adjudication and current admissibility are separate: a selected status affects the current artifact or transformation state, while resolving an arbitrary predicate cannot silently restore TRUST. No general non-status admissibility-effect mechanism is currently implemented, so that route remains blocked.

This is VSTD's ZIZK artifact-first TRUST architecture, not an optional research profile. Zero identity means zero identity-derived verdict weight, not anonymity or the absence of identifiers. Zero knowledge means zero unevidenced knowledge is presumed: a proposition remains UNKNOWN until a named mechanism earns a bounded result. When a witness must remain confidential, cryptographic zero knowledge can enclose that architectural rule by binding the exact program, predicate, public commitments, output, proof parameters, and verifier without attaching TRUST to the prover's identity. Only a named proof system can earn that privacy property; a digest or hidden input cannot. The runnable RISC Zero reference mechanism is one bounded backend, while its proof system and unfinished transfer mechanics remain mechanism-specific.

Install and use

The distribution name is verifier-standard. The published base package has no required third-party runtime dependencies.

python -m pip install "verifier-standard==1.2.0"  # exact published release
python -m pip install .                            # current source checkout
python -m pip install ".[yaml]"          # YAML Ain't Markup Language (YAML) manifests
python -m pip install ".[jsonschema]"    # JSON Schema validation
python -m pip install ".[seal]"          # optional Ed25519 artifact sealing
python -m pip install ".[scitt]"         # optional SCITT/COSE experiment

vstd is the canonical cross-platform CLI name. verifier remains a compatibility alias but can resolve to Windows Driver Verifier. verifiable is a permanent legacy alias because historical receipts may bind it in falsification instructions.

An unrelated PyPI distribution named verifier exports the same top-level Python import. Do not co-install it with verifier-standard.

Freeze, seal, verify, and thaw an artifact

Freezing preserves exact regular-file bytes and portable paths. Sealing is a separate, readable authentication and closure action; it is not encryption. Generate an Ed25519 key with a suitable local key tool, then run:

openssl genpkey -algorithm Ed25519 -out ed25519-private.pem
vstd artifact freeze PATH ARTIFACT.vstd --media-type application/octet-stream
vstd artifact verify ARTIFACT.vstd --freeze-only
vstd artifact seal ARTIFACT.vstd --private-key ed25519-private.pem
vstd artifact verify ARTIFACT.vstd --expected-artifact-id EXPECTED_ID
vstd artifact thaw ARTIFACT.vstd MUTABLE_COPY
vstd artifact status MUTABLE_COPY --parent-bundle ARTIFACT.vstd

The finite seal signs the complete envelope with its signature and identifier fields explicitly empty, then derives the seal identifier over the signature-bearing envelope with only its identifier empty. Verification recomputes both projections, avoiding an infinite seal-of-seal regress. The carried public key establishes internal consistency; an expected artifact identifier, expected key identifier, or separately verified manifest/log coordinate is still required to detect whole-bundle substitution.

A freeze or seal establishes bounded integrity and closure only—not correctness, freshness, ownership, authorization, trusted time, external preservation, or actor trust. Thaw is copy-on-write: it creates a mutable descendant and leaves the sealed parent unchanged. Later THAWED_CLEAN or THAWED_DIRTY status requires that actual parent bundle, clean seal verification, and exact agreement with every sidecar parent coordinate. Without the parent, sidecar agreement remains NOT_ESTABLISHED. The sidecar's unkeyed hash does not prove that the historical copy occurred. A supplied parent establishes only internal consistency unless an expected artifact/key identifier or separately verified external log also supplies continuity. See the normative artifact-control mechanism and the architectural realm/time-capsule model.

Capture a generic computation

A manifest contains an executable command. vstd run does not sandbox it. Inspect the plan first and execute only trusted manifests inside an appropriate operating-system or container boundary.

vstd plan examples/generic_run/manifest.json --json
vstd run examples/generic_run/manifest.json --output /tmp/vstd-receipt
vstd validate /tmp/vstd-receipt
vstd inspect /tmp/vstd-receipt
vstd reproduce /tmp/vstd-receipt --rerun

Generic validate checks the strict profile shape and stable-payload digest. It does not rehash external artifacts, resolve evidence references, rerun the command, or verify the recorded declaration as a native domain claim. reproduce --rerun separately executes the recorded command and compares declared output paths, digests, and execution outcome. Matching outputs do not establish actor independence, environment equivalence, semantic equivalence, or truth outside that scope.

Use the Python application programming interface (API)

from pathlib import Path

from verifier.core.run import describe_run_plan, load_manifest

manifest_path = Path("examples/generic_run/manifest.json")
manifest = load_manifest(manifest_path)
plan = describe_run_plan(manifest, manifest_path.parent)
print(plan["command"], plan["executes_without_sandbox"])

The installed wheel contains byte-identical copies of every normative specification, so a verifier descriptor can retain its exact specification binding outside a source checkout. See the generated CLI and API reference.

Receipts, Graphs, and grounded certificates

  • VSTD-1 receipts carry claim coordinates, evidence, checker results, trust boundaries, and reproducibility information.
  • VSTD-Graph-1 records content-addressed artifacts, many-to-many transformations, conflicts, and bounded downstream reachability. Its frozen reader preserves separate historical artifact/transformation namespaces; new construction plus evidence-bound establishment and assurance propagation require global cross-kind disjointness.
  • VSTD4-GDC-1 binds a decision certificate to a formula, grounding, claim coordinate, verifier descriptor, roots, and resource bounds.

The grounded-certificate checker rejects over-budget headers before proof work, rejects cost-tier inflation, validates grounding before the decision block, and preserves UNKNOWN when a bound is exhausted. Kernel acceptance establishes only the bounded certificate result; it is not VSTD-4 conformance, evidence authenticity, external validation, or proof of the unobserved world.

Interoperability

VSTD composes beside native systems rather than replacing them:

native object ──native verifier──> native result
      └──── exact bytes + identity ──> loss-declared adapter
                                           └──> VSTD claim boundary

The experimental SCITT profile uses real Concise Binary Object Representation (CBOR) and COSE signatures and a local inclusion receipt. It demonstrates exact payload carriage and adjacent verification under test keys. SCITT registration proves neither payload correctness nor VSTD conformance. See the crosswalk, semantic boundary, and runnable example.

The ecosystem map separately covers adjacent provenance, software-supply-chain, signing, and transparency systems without implying endorsement or adoption.

Specifications and navigation

Read authoritative material in this order:

  1. Verification complex, terminology, and profile composition
  2. Object and Graph numbered-profile documents
  3. Serialized receipt identifiers
  4. Published schemas
  5. Implementation ownership
  6. Claims and limits

Additional entry points:

Goal Document
Install and exercise the first-run path Quickstart
Understand terminology and precedents Concepts and precedents
Inspect abbreviated terms Acronyms
Review experimental profiles Experiment index
Understand human claim traversal Human operating guide
Inspect project direction and non-goals Roadmap

Reproducibility and releases

A release contains a canonical artifact set: ZIP archive format (ZIP), wheel, source distribution, and external manifest bound to the exact public Git commit and file members. The continuous integration (CI) workflow builds on Windows and Linux and rejects cross-platform byte differences. GitHub artifact attestations bind uploaded bytes to the workflow; they do not establish source correctness, tag identity, or adoption.

gh attestation verify PATH_TO_DOWNLOADED_ASSET --repo TimeLordRaps/verifier

Use RELEASING.md to verify the manifest, tag, artifact attestations, package name, and historical compatibility. Version 1.2.0 is the current release, published on 2026-09-01; use its versioned release page for published citation and artifact coordinates.

Claims, security, and contribution

Review claims and limits before publishing a VSTD result. The reference implementation may improve auditability, reproducibility, incident analysis, and challenge routing over observable records. It cannot prove general AI safety, reveal hidden model state, establish physical-world completeness, or compensate for missing instrumentation.

vstd run executes manifest commands without sandboxing. See the security policy and use GitHub private vulnerability reporting for sensitive findings.

Contributors should start with CONTRIBUTING.md, which identifies normative, implementation, schema, adapter, test, compatibility, and release pathways. Use the issue forms for a specification ambiguity, counterexample, or implementation/interoperability report.

Project authority and centralization are documented in GOVERNANCE.md. Automated-contributor rules live in AGENTS.md; the human operating model in HUMANS.md; and live repository contradictions only in TIME.md.

Citation and license

Cite a published release from its versioned GitHub release metadata or CITATION.cff at that tagged coordinate. Do not cite unreleased candidate metadata as a published release.

Licensed under the Apache License 2.0; see NOTICE. VSTD is not affiliated with or endorsed by the Apache Software Foundation.

About

VSTD: portable, bounded, refutable evidence for computational claims and provenance graphs.

Topics

Resources

Code of conduct

Contributing

Security policy

Stars

1 star

Watchers

0 watching

Forks

Releases

Packages

Used by

Contributors

Languages