Sol Escrow

A simple Solana escrow smart contract project built with Anchor to learn the basics of Solana smart contracts and Rust.

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Features

• Written in Rust using the Anchor framework
• Basic escrow logic: initialize and withdraw instructions
• TypeScript tests using Vitest
• Example of SOL airdrop and account setup
• Modern React UI using Material UI (MUI) and Solana Wallet Adapter

Prerequisites

• Rust
• Solana CLI
• Node.js (v18+ recommended)
• Anchor CLI

Setup

1. Clone the repository

   git clone <this-repo-url>
   cd sol_escrow

2. Install dependencies

   npm install

3. Install Anchor CLI

   cargo install --git https://github.com/coral-xyz/anchor --tag v0.31.1 anchor-cli --locked

4. Start the Solana test validator

   Open a new terminal window and run:

   solana-test-validator

5. Set up your Solana keypairs for test validator

   In a separate terminal, generate wallets for each role:

   solana-keygen new --outfile ~/.config/solana/initializer.json
   solana-keygen new --outfile ~/.config/solana/taker.json

   Then fund each wallet using the test validator:

   solana airdrop 5 ~/.config/solana/initializer.json --url localhost
   solana airdrop 5 ~/.config/solana/taker.json --url localhost

   If the airdrop hangs

   solana-test-validator --reset

   You can switch between wallets for CLI commands like this:

   solana config set --keypair ~/.config/solana/initializer.json

   Or use the --keypair flag for one-off commands:

   solana balance --keypair ~/.config/solana/taker.json

6. Configure Solana to use localnet

   solana config set --url localhost

7. Build and deploy the program

   anchor build
   anchor deploy

8. Run tests

   npm test

   or

   npx vitest run

How to Create All Necessary Wallets for Development

You may want multiple wallets for testing different roles (e.g., initializer, taker). Here’s how to create and manage them:

1. Create Multiple Keypairs

Generate a new wallet for each role:

solana-keygen new --outfile ~/.config/solana/initializer.json
solana-keygen new --outfile ~/.config/solana/taker.json

2. Airdrop SOL to Each Wallet

Make sure your local validator is running, then fund each wallet:

solana airdrop 5 ~/.config/solana/initializer.json --url localhost
solana airdrop 5 ~/.config/solana/taker.json --url localhost

Or, to airdrop by address:

solana airdrop 5 <WALLET_ADDRESS> --url localhost

Get the address with:

solana-keygen pubkey ~/.config/solana/initializer.json

3. Switch Between Wallets in CLI

Set the active wallet for CLI commands:

solana config set --keypair ~/.config/solana/initializer.json

Or use --keypair for one-off commands:

solana balance --keypair ~/.config/solana/taker.json

4. Use Wallets in Scripts/Frontend

In Node.js/TypeScript:

const { Keypair } = require("@solana/web3.js");
const fs = require("fs");
const secret = JSON.parse(fs.readFileSync("/path/to/initializer.json"));
const keypair = Keypair.fromSecretKey(Uint8Array.from(secret));

5. (Optional) Import into Browser Wallets

If you want to use these wallets in Phantom/Brave:

• Open the wallet extension, choose "Import Private Key," and paste the array from your .json file.

UI (Frontend)

• The UI is located in the sol-escrow-ui folder.
• Built with React and Material UI (MUI) for modern, responsive components.
• Uses Solana Wallet Adapter for wallet connection and transaction signing.
• Key UI packages:
  • @mui/material
  • @emotion/react
  • @emotion/styled
  • @solana/wallet-adapter-react
  • @solana/wallet-adapter-wallets
  • @solana/wallet-adapter-react-ui
  • @solana/web3.js
  • @coral-xyz/anchor

To run the UI locally:

cd sol-escrow-ui
npm install
npm run dev

Then open http://localhost:5173 in your browser.

Project Structure

• programs/sol-escrow/ - Rust smart contract (Anchor program)
• tests/sol-escrow.test.ts - TypeScript integration tests
• target/idl/sol_escrow.json - Generated IDL for the program
• sol-escrow-ui/ - React frontend UI

Notes

• If you see warnings about deprecated methods or Node module types, they can usually be ignored for learning and local development.
• For more information on Anchor, see the Anchor Book.