[ISSUE #10835] fix(common): reject malformed topic config atomically

[yuluo-yx]

Which Issue(s) This PR Fixes

• Fixes TopicConfig.decode mutates state or throws for malformed config #10835

Brief Description

Parse mandatory topic configuration fields before assignment so malformed input returns false without partially mutating the object.

How Did You Test This Change?

• mise x java@temurin-17 -- mvn -pl common -Dtest=TopicConfigTest test

[codecov-commenter]

Codecov Report

❌ Patch coverage is 83.33333% with 3 lines in your changes missing coverage. Please review.
✅ Project coverage is 48.32%. Comparing base (fd0c959) to head (8dc1937).

Files with missing lines	Patch %	Lines
...n/java/org/apache/rocketmq/common/TopicConfig.java	83.33%	2 Missing and 1 partial ⚠️

Additional details and impacted files

@@              Coverage Diff              @@
##             develop   #10845      +/-   ##
=============================================
- Coverage      48.37%   48.32%   -0.05%     
+ Complexity     13555    13535      -20     
=============================================
  Files           1380     1380              
  Lines         101165   101172       +7     
  Branches       13127    13127              
=============================================
- Hits           48940    48893      -47     
- Misses         46250    46287      +37     
- Partials        5975     5992      +17     

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[RockteMQ-AI]

LGTM. Good atomic-decode pattern — parsing all fields into local variables first and only assigning to instance fields after full validation prevents partially-updated config state. The NumberFormatException handling for readQueueNums / writeQueueNums is correct.

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