Global Country Population Geospatial Visualization Interactive geospatial visualization built with Geopandas & Folium for world population distribution analysis.

Project Description This repository provides an end-to-end geospatial data workflow: Load & preprocess vector geospatial data (country boundary GeoJSON) via Geopandas Merge World Bank population tabular CSV with geographic polygons Calculate accurate geographic centroids (convert projected centroid back to WGS84 latitude/longitude) Generate 3 types of interactive web maps with Folium: Marker Point Map: Independent marker for each country with population popup Weighted Heatmap: Visualize population density hotspots globally Choropleth Map: Region color grading based on total population size Export all interactive maps as standalone HTML files (openable without Python environment) All code is fully annotated, compatible with Jupyter Notebook, and optimized for academic geospatial learning.

Dataset Source World Country Boundary GeoJSON Source: https://github.com/johan/world.geo.json Coordinate System: WGS84 (EPSG:4326) World Bank Total Population Dataset (SP.POP.TOTL) Source: https://datahub.io/core/population Columns: Country Name, Country Code, Year, Value Unit of Value: Thousand people

Core Workflow Import libraries & suppress geospatial coordinate warnings Load country boundary GeoJSON and population CSV Filter single-year population data (2023) and rename columns for table merge Merge tabular population data into geodataframe by country name Calculate projected centroid and convert back to WGS84 lat/lon (avoid meter coordinate error) Filter out Antarctica & invalid geographic records Build 3 interactive Folium maps with independent styling Export all HTML maps to output folder

Visualization Output Introduction

1. Marker Point Map Each country centroid is marked with blue info icon. Click marker to check country name and total population. Suitable for discrete location browsing.
2. Population Heatmap Heat layer weighted by population value. Brighter red color represents denser human settlement. Clearly identifies high-population regions (East Asia, South Asia, Western Europe).
3. Choropleth Graded Color Map Countries filled with yellow-orange-red gradient based on population bins. Hover over polygon to view real-time country & population data. Grey color for countries missing population records. Data Insights from Visualization Population hotspots concentrate in East Asia, South Asia and Western Europe; Sahara, Siberia, Central Australia show extremely low population density. China and India hold the highest population tiers with deepest fill color on choropleth map. Large territory countries (Canada, Australia, Russia) have sparse population markers and weak heat signals despite vast land area.

Usage Notes Country name mismatches may cause empty population values; use Country Code for higher matching accuracy if needed. All exported HTML maps support pan, zoom and layer toggle controls. Projection EPSG:8859 (World Equal Area) is used for centroid calculation to eliminate spherical distortion, then converted back to WGS84 for Folium display.

License MIT License