blockifier,apollo_starknet_os_program: hold empty spans as empty segments

[Yoni-Starkware]

A span pointer is now always relocatable: the blockifier held the v3-only spans of a deprecated transaction info as felt zero rather than as empty segments, and the OS matched it. Both sides now bound them with an empty segment.

Note for reviewers: the OS and virtual OS program hashes change, along with META_TX_V0_GAS_COST and the per-transaction OS step counts.

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[reviewable-StarkWare]

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[cursor]

PR Summary

Medium Risk
Touches OS program hash, allowed virtual OS hashes, and gas/resource accounting; mismatches between sequencer and prover would be consensus-critical, though behavior is a narrow representation fix for deprecated txs.

Overview
Aligns blockifier and Starknet OS so v3-only TxInfo span fields on deprecated transactions use relocatable empty segments (start == end) instead of zero/null pointers.

On the OS side, assert_deprecated_tx_fields_consistency now checks equal start/end pointers; meta-tx, L1 handler, deploy-account, and declare paths allocate an empty_span via alloc() for signatures, resource bounds, paymaster data, deployment data, and proof facts. The blockifier’s get_execution_info path for TransactionInfo::Deprecated allocates one empty segment and reuses its pointer for all those spans.

Because the Cairo OS changed, program_hash.json, ALLOWED_VIRTUAL_OS_PROGRAM_HASHES, and 0.14.5 versioned constants are refreshed: META_TX_V0_GAS_COST is 168550 → 168850, OS resource step counts shift slightly (e.g. MetaTxV0, Declare, DeployAccount, L1Handler), and regression tests update expected gas/steps.

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