refactor: cleanup files

[victormgomes]

Description

Refactor the codebase to replace explanatory comments with self-documenting code
through better naming, extracted methods, and type-safe constructs. Also translates
all Portuguese log messages and descriptions to English.

Type of change

• 💥 Breaking change (fix or feature that would cause existing functionality
  to not work as expected)

Checklist

• My code follows the style guidelines of this project (I have run
  composer run format).
• I have performed a self-review of my own code.
• I have commented my code, particularly in hard-to-understand areas.
• I have made corresponding changes to the documentation (e.g. README.md).
• I have added tests that prove my fix is effective or that my feature
  works.
• New and existing tests pass locally with my changes (I have run
  composer run test).
• My code does not lower the test coverage metrics (I have run
  composer run test-coverage).
• I have run architectural quality checks and resolved major issues (I have
  run composer run insights).
  Note: The Security parameter in the #[AsyncApi] attribute kept its name and is just a PHPDoc addition, but renaming $action from string to the new Action enum could break users who pass a raw string 'send' instead of Action::Send. Hence the breaking change category. If you don't consider that breaking, move it to a regular refactor.

[github-actions]

🎉 This PR is included in version 2.0.1 🎉

The release is available on GitHub release

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